Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
Vol 24, No 1 Mar (2014)

STUDI MONITORING EFEK SAMPING OBAT ANTITUBERKULOSIS FDC KATEGORI 1 DI PROVINSI BANTEN DAN PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

Sari, Ida Diana ( Pusat Teknologi Intervensi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Badan Litbangkes, Kemenkes RI, Jl. Percetakan Negara No. 29 Jakarta, Indonesia)
Yuniar, Yuyun ( Pusat Teknologi Intervensi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Badan Litbangkes, Kemenkes RI, Jl. Percetakan Negara No. 29 Jakarta, Indonesia)
Syaripuddin, Muhamad ( Pusat Teknologi Intervensi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Badan Litbangkes, Kemenkes RI, Jl. Percetakan Negara No. 29 Jakarta, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
13 May 2014

Abstract

AbstrakHasil Riskesdas 2007 menunjukkan kasus Tuberkulosis (TB) Paru ditemukan merata di seluruh provinsi di Indonesia, sedangkan hasil Riskesdas 2010 menunjukkan prevalensi TB paru nasional adalah 725 per 100.000 penduduk. Salah satu penyebab putusnya terapi adalah efek samping obat. Hal ini menimbulkan resistensi kuman sehingga memperberat penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi efek samping akibat penggunaan obat antituberkulosis(OAT) dan kepatuhan pasien. Jenis penelitian adalah time series, dilakukan terhadap pasien baru penderita tuberkulosis di 10 puskesmas di Provinsi Banten dan Jawa Barat pada bulan Mei 2011. Pasien diikuti selama 6 bulan hingga periode penelitian berakhir. Pasien diwawancara mengenai efek samping obat yang dialaminya setiap bulan saat mengambil obat atau kunjungan ke rumah oleh petugas puskesmas. Pemantauan kepatuhan dilakukan dengan menghitung obatsisa yang disimpan oleh pasien. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 92 pasien, semuanya masih patuh dalam menjalani terapi. Frekuensi kejadian efek samping yang paling sering timbul pada bulan pertama dan kelima yaitu mual; pada bulan kedua pusing; serta pada bulan ketiga, keempat dan keenam nyeri sendi. Efek samping lain yang sering timbul akibat penggunaan OAT yaitu mengantuk dan lemas pada bulan pertama, kedua dan ketiga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya pemantauan yang dilakukan petugas, efek samping yang terjadi dapat terdata dan tidak menyebabkan menurunnya kepatuhan pasien. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena adanya komunikasi yang baik antara pasien dengan petugas mengenai proses pengobatan TB. Disarankan agar pemantauan efek sampingdan kepatuhan dilakukan dengan menekankan pada komunikasi pasien dengan petugas. Selain itu perlu dilakukan pemantauan laboratorium secara rutin.Kata Kunci: Efek Samping, Obat Antituberkulosis (OAT), Tuberkulosis (TB) paruAbstractThe result of Basic Health Research in 2007 shown that lung tuberculosis cases spread out all over Indonesia. Meanwhile, the 2010 Basic Health Research shown the prevalence of lung TB was 725 per 100,000 populations. Side effects are among the causes of therapy drop out thus resulted in bacterial resistance which further caused the severityof TB. This research aimed to explore the information of side effects experiences caused by TB drugs therapy as well as to monitor adherence. The research was a time series research, conducted to new patients diagnosed as having lung TB in 10 public health centers (PHCs) in Banten and West Java provinces on May 2011. Those patients were followed up to6 months until the research was terminated. Patients’ experiences of side effects were collected by monthly interview, when they came to the PHCs to take drugs or during patient’s home visit by the PHC staff. Monitoring of adherence was conducted by counting the tablet at patients’ home. The sample was 92 patients, whom all were counted as adhering thetherapy. The most frequent side effect in the first and fifth months was nausea; in the second month was dizziness; and in the third, fourth and sixth month was neuromyalgia. Other side effects reported were drowsiness and weakness in the first three months. Based on the result, it is concluded that by health provider monitoring, the side effects can beidentified and had not caused low adherence. This can be the result of good communication between patients and health provider about TB therapy. It is recommended that side effects and adherence monitoring should be conducted by emphasizing on patients and provider communication. In addition, laboratory monitoring should be conductedperiodically.Keywords : side effects, antituberculosis drugs, lung tuberculosis

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Journal Info

Abbrev

MPK

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Public Health

Description

Media Health Research and Development ( Media of Health Research and Development ) is one of the journals published by the Agency for Health Research and Development ( National Institute of Health Research and Development ) , Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This journal article is a ...