Kodifikasia: Jurnal Penelitian Islam
Vol 14, No 2 (2020)

DIALEKTIKA KESENIAN JARANAN THEK DI PONOROGO DENGAN AGAMA ISLAM

Ahmad Choirul Rofiq (Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo)
Erwin Yudi Prahara (Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo)



Article Info

Publish Date
12 Dec 2020

Abstract

Sejarah kesenian Jaranan Thek di Ponorogo terkait dengan Kerajaan Kediri dan Kerajaan Bantarangin (Ponorogo). Kesenian Jaranan Thek bersumber dari kesenian jaranan di Kediri yang kemudian dikembangkan para seniman Ponorogo. Diyakini bahwa kesenian Jaranan Thek ada sejak zaman Kerajaan Wengker. Kesenian ini dinamakan Jaranan Thek karena diambil dari barongan (caplokan kepala naga) yang disebut Thek dan berbunyi “thek” ketika dibuka dan ditutup. Tahun 2009 didirikan paguyuban Jaranan Thek pertama bernama Turonggo Wengker di Kecamatan Jetis (Kabupaten Ponorogo) dan pada 2017 dibentuk Ikatan Seni Jaranan Thek Ponorogo (ISJTP) sebagai organisasi pemersatu seluruh paguyuban. Jaranan Thek berfungsi untuk pelestarian kebudayaan masyarakat Ponorogo dan hiburan masyarakat. Demi pelestarian kesenian Jaranan Thek, maka komunitas kesenian ini melakukan inovasi. Pertama, penyisipan kisah Kelono Sewandono (dari Kerajaan Bantarangin) dengan Dewi Songgolangit (dari Kerajaan Kediri). Kedua, penambahan variasi lagu (shalawatan, tembang Jawa, Campursari, maupun lagu populer di masyarakat). Ketiga, penambahan alat musik modern (misalnya, drum dan organ elektrik) sambil mempertahankan gamelan. Keempat, kombinasi Jaranan Thek dengan kesenian lain (misalnya, tari tayuban dan jathilan). Kelima, penyelarasan dengan ajaran Islam (misalnya, doa, ayat, maupun lafadh bernuansa Islam). Kesenian Jaranan Thek berkembang di masyarakat Islam Abangan yang masih mempertahankan tradisi-tradisi animisme, dinamisme, Hindu, dan Buddha yang ada sebelum kedatangan agama Islam, misalnya pemakaian sesajen, persembahan kepada makhluk halus, dan permintaan bantuan kepada makhluk halus agar merasuki pemain Jaranan Thek. Dialektika Jaranan Thek dengan agama Islam terwujud secara mencolok dalam bentuk sinkretisme setelah unsur-unsur keislaman dimasukkan dalam Jaranan Thek, misalnya ketika pawang (gambuh) menggunakan ayat, doa, atau lafadh bernuansa keislaman untuk memulai ataupun mengakhiri pementasan, serta menyadarkan pemain yang kesurupan. The history of Jaranan Thek's art in Ponorogo related to the Kingdom of Kediri and the Kingdom of Bantarangin (Ponorogo) because Jaranan Thek's art was from jaranan art in Kediri. It was believed that Jaranan Thek has existed since the Kingdom of Wengker. This art is called Jaranan Thek because it is taken from the barongan or clipped head of a dragon called Thek with its sound of "thek" when opened and closed. In 2009 the first Jaranan Thek group (Turonggo Wengker) was founded in Jetis District (Ponorogo Regency) and subsequently in 2017 the ISJTP (Ikatan Seni Jaranan Thek Ponorogo or the Ponorogo Thek Jaranan Art Association) was formed as the unifying organization of all Jaranan Thek groups in Ponorogo. The Jaranan Thek's art is performed to preserve the culture of Ponorogo and at the same time as a means of entertainment for public. For the sake of preservation of Jaranan Thek's art, there are many innovations in Jaranan Thek.  First, the insertion of the story of Kelono Sewandono (from Bantarangin Kingdom) with Dewi Songgolangit (from Kediri Kingdom). Second, the addition of song variations (with shalawatan, Javanese song, Campursari, and popular songs). Third, the addition of modern musical instruments (drums and electric organs), besides gamelan (traditional music instruments). Fourth, the combination of Jaranan Thek with other arts (tayuban and jathilan). Fifth, alignment with the teachings of Islam (Islamic prayers, verses, and sayings). The Jaranan Thek's art developed among the Abangan Islamic community who still retained the animism, dynamism, Hindu and Buddhist traditions that existed before the arrival of Islam, such as the use of offerings to spirits and requests for help to spirits to protect the players of Jaranan Thek. The Jaranan Thek's dialectics with Islam appears prominently in the form of syncretism between Islamic elements and Jaranan Thek's art.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

kodifikasia

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

Description

Kodifikasia: Jurnal Penelitian Islam is a journal based on Islamic research published by Institute for Research and Community Services, State Islamic Institute of Ponorogo. This journal first published in 2007 to facilitate the publication of research, articles, and book review. The Journal issued ...