This study aims to explain the efforts Pahawang Island villagers to conserve mangrove forests by strengthening social capital . Data were collected by in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The results found that the strengthening of social capital  is very influential  in the management and conservation of mangrove forests. The main constraint is the physical condition of the island that are less economically valuable. In addition, there has been no serious effort of local communities, the private sector and the commitment of the local government.Keywords: Social capital, sustainability, mangrove, ecotourism, Pahawang
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