Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 2 Year 2022 (June 2022)

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling of Galactose Valorization to Levulinic Acid

Retno Ringgani (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, UPN Veteran Yogyakarta, Jalan SWK 104 (Lingkar Utara), Condongcatur, Yogyakarta || Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan G)
Muhammad Mufti Azis (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika 2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta)
Rochmadi Rochmadi (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika 2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta)
Arief Budiman (Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika 2, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta || Indonesia Center of Excellence for Microalgae Biorefinery, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Sekip K1A, Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2022

Abstract

Levulinic acid, a versatile chemical building block, was derived from C6-sugar galactose using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. Galactose is monosaccharide of polysaccharides constituent that is mostly contained in third generation biomass, macro-microalgae. It currently receives high attention to be a source of renewable feedstock. The effect of temperature, catalyst concentration and initial substrate loadings were studied for 60 min, in the temperature range of 150–190 °C, acid concentration of 0.25–0.75 M and initial substrate loading of 0.05–0.25 M. The highest levulinic acid yield of 40.08 wt% was achieved under the following conditions: 0.05 M galactose, 0.75 M acid concentration, 170 °C temperature, and 40 min reaction time. The kinetic model was developed by first order pseudo-irreversible reaction. The results showed that the proposed model could capture the experimental data well. These results suggested that galactose, derived from macro- and micro-algae, can potentially be converted and applied for platform chemicals. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 

Copyrights © 2022






Journal Info

Abbrev

bcrec

Publisher

Subject

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Description

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis (e-ISSN: 1978-2993), an international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics studies, and chemical reaction ...