Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKSI)
Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Juni 2021

Kajian Literatur: Efektivitas Antiseptik Yang Mengandung Chlorhexidine Gluconate Terhadap Bakteri MRSA

Farinda Amalya Hakiman (Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas)
Netti Suharti (Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas)
Elizabeth Bahar (Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas)



Article Info

Publish Date
18 May 2022

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Chlorhexidine gluconate merupakan antiseptik yang sering digunakan untuk mencegah penyebaran infeksi karena luasnya cakupan antiseptik tersebut dalam membunuh bakteri. Antiseptik ini juga sering digunakan untuk mencegah penyebaran infeksi beberapa bakteri MDRO, salah satunya bakteri MRSA. Akan tetapi, seringnya penggunaan antiseptik tersebut dikhawatirkan dapat meningkatkan resistensi bakteri MRSA terhadap chlorhexidine gluconate. Objektif: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antiseptik dengan kandungan chlorhexidine gluconate terhadap bakteri strain MRSA. Metode: Kajian literatur naratif ini menggunakan artikel hasil pencarian Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan kata kunci “Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, “MRSA”, “Anti-Infective Agents, Local”, dan “Chlorhexidine gluconate” yang diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2020), dan menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Artikel yang tidak bisa didapatkan secara lengkap dan literature review dieksklusi. Artikel kemudian dinilai menggunakan critical appraisal checklist untuk dikaji. Hasil: Hasil pencarian menampilkan 355 artikel, dimana 345 artikel dieliminasi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, sehingga didapatkan 8 artikel. Delapan artikel yang ditinjau terdiri dari empat studi terkontrol acak, dua studi laboratorium, satu uji hewan, dan satu studi observasional. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini mendapatkan 8 literatur untuk dikaji. Lima literatur melaporkan bahwa chlorhexidine gluconate menurunkan prevalensi infeksi bakteri MRSA, walaupun dua literatur menyatakan bahwa penurunan tersebut tidak signifikan. Tiga literatur lain melaporkan adanya penurunan sensitivitas bakteri MRSA terhadap chlorhexidine gluconate, terutama pada isolat yang diidentifikasi memiliki gen qacA/B atau gen smr. Background: Chlorhexidine gluconate is an antiseptic that can prevent infection because of its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It can prevent MDRO infection, including MRSA. However, frequent use of chlorhexidine gluconate may result in the emergence of MRSA with reduced susceptibility or even resistance against it. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of an antiseptic containing chlorhexidine gluconate against MRSA. Methods: A literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed with keywords such as “Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus”, “MRSA”, “Anti-Infective Agents, Local”, and “Chlorhexidine gluconate”. Articles published from the last 10 years in English were included. Articles that were not available in full text as well as literature reviews were excluded. These articles were appraised using critical appraisal checklist for review. Results: We identified 355 articles, of which 345 were eliminated based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 8 articles. These eight articles consisted of four randomized controlled studies, two laboratory studies, one animal study, and one observational study. Conclusion: Five studies reported that chlorhexidine gluconate reduces rate of MRSA infection, although two studies stated that the rates are not significant. Three studies reported reduced susceptibility against chlorhexidine gluconate in MRSA isolates with qacA/B or smr genes.

Copyrights © 2022






Journal Info

Abbrev

jikesi

Publisher

Subject

Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Description

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal that focuses on promoting health sciences to integrate research in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and case reports. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not ...