Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law
Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law

Dilema Pengawasan Bank Syariah di Indonesia

Sudirman Tebba (Institut Agama Islam Al-Zaytun Indonesia (IAI AL-AZIS))



Article Info

Publish Date
25 Oct 2022

Abstract

A Sharia bank or Islamic bank is a bank that whose operation follows Islamic law which is regarded with social relations according to Al Qur’an and Hadits. In Indonesia Islamic bank was initially called profit and loss sharing bank according to the Banking Act of 1992, then sharia principled bank according to the Banking Act of 1998. Eventually, an Islamic bank is called a sharia bank according to Sharia Banking Act which was enacted in 2008. Sharia bank is supervised by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), Bank Indonesia (BI), and Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN MUI). OJK and BI supervise its management and DSN MUI supervises the implementation of sharia principles. These supervisions are based on acts. OJK supervision is based on act number 11 of 2011 on OJK, while BI supervision is based on act number 23 of 1999 on BI. BI publishes regulations on sharia bank operations, including the role of DSN MUI in supervising sharia bank. Sharia Banking Act regulates many things in sharia bank, including its products such as mudharaba, musharaka, muharaba, salam, istishna, kafala, hawala, wakala, ijara muntahiya bittamlik and wadia, to which DSN MUI has issued a fatwa (religious legal opinions).    Keywords: Law, Supervision, Sharia bank, Indonesia Abstrak:Bank syariah adalah bank yang beroperasi sesuai dengan hukum Islam yang menyangkut tata cara bermuamalah secara Islam. Pada mulanya bank syariah di Indonesia disebut bank bagi hasil berdasarkan UU No: 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan.  Kemudian bank syariah disebut bank berdasarkan prinsip syariah dalam UU No: 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan. Akhirnya, bank Islam disebut bank syariah berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008. Dalam menjalankan operasinya bank syariah diawasi oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), Bank Indonesia, dan Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN MUI). OJK dan Bank Indonesia mengawasi dari segi manajemennya, sedang DSN MUI mengawasi dari segi penerapan syariahnya. Pengawasan ini didasarkan pada undang-undang. Pengawasan OJK berdasarkan UU Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 tentang OJK, pengawasan Bank Indonesia didasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 1999 tentang Bank Indonesia. Kemudian Bank Indonesia membuat peraturan yang antara lain menyebut peranan MUI dalam mengawasi bank syariah. UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah antara lain mengatur produk-produk bank syariah, yaitu muharabah, musyarakah, mudharabah, salam, istishna, kafalah, hawalah, wakalah, ijarah mutahiya bittamlik, dan wadiah. DSN MUI telah mengeluarkan fatwa mengenai produk-produk ini.Kata Kunci: Hukum; Pengawasan; Bank Syariah; Indonesia

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Journal Info

Abbrev

mizan

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

Description

Mizan: Journal of Islamic Law is a peer-reviewed journal on Islamic Family Law, Syari’ah and Islamic Studies his journal is published by the Islamic Faculty, Ibn Khaldun University of Bogor, in partnership with APSI (Association of Islamic Indonesia Lawyer). Editors welcome scholars, researchers ...