<![CDATA[ABSTRAKTebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis, karena digunakan sebagai bahan baku berbagai industri seperti gula, bioetanol, asam amino, asam organik dan bahan pangan. Oleh karena itu, program pengembangan dan peningkatan produktivitas menjadi hal yang prioritas. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi dan rendemen tebu dapat dilakukan melalui optimalisasi pertunasan, yaitu dengan mengatur keseimbangan horman auksin dan sitokinin di dalam tanaman. Pengaturan hormon dapat menghilangkan dominansi apikal dan menginisiasi tunas lateral sehingga meningkatkan jumlah anakan tebu. Hal itu dibuktikan pada pemberian sitokinin (BAP:kinetin) 0,5 mg/l sampai 1,5 mg/l secara in vitro didapatkan multiplikasi tunas berjumlah 3,5 sampai 11 tunas tebu. Pengaturan dominansi apikal dapat dilakukan dengan zat penghambat tumbuh (retardan) seperti glyphosate dan paraquat dengan dosis subletal. Faktor eksternal seperti intensitas cahaya, suhu, pengairan, pemupukan dan pemilihan benih menjadi pendukung keberhasilan optimalisasi pertunasan. Keberhasilan optimalisasi pertunasan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan keseragaman pertumbuhan tanaman dan mengurangi pembentukan sogolan, menghemat penggunaan bibit, mempertahankan serta meningkatkan produktivitas dan umur keprasan tanaman tebu, mengembangkan pola tanam tumpang sari.Kata kunci: Produktivitas, rendemen, tebu, tunas, hormon Sugarcane Productivity and Yield Increased with Sprouting Physiological EngineeringABSTRACTSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) was one of the strategic commodity, because it was used as raw material for various industries such as sugar, ethanol, amino acids, organic acids and foodstuffs. Therefore, development and improvement of productivity programs became the priority. One of the efforts to boost the production and yield of sugarcane could be done through optimization of budding, ie by adjusting the balance of hormones auxin and cytokinin. Hormone regulation could eliminate apical dominance and initiated lateral buds, thereby increasing the number of tillers of sugarcane. This was evidenced in the addition of cytokines (BAP:kinetin) 0.5 to 1,5 mg/l in vitro showed shoot multiplication by 3,5 to 11 shoots of sugarcane. Regulation of apical dominance could be done with growth inhibitor (retardants) such as glyphosate and paraquat with sublethal doses. External factors such as light intensity, temperature, watering, fertilization and seed selection into a budding optimization success. The success of budding optimization was expected to be produced uniformity of plant growth and reduce bull shoot formation, eficiency of seeds, maintained and improved the productivity and logging time of sugarcane and intercropping pattern development.Keyword : Productivity, yield, sugarcane, bud, hormone]]>
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