GIZI INDONESIA
Vol 36, No 2 (2013): September 2013

PERKEMBANGAN MENTAL BAYI DAN ANAK INDONESIA: HASIL SEANUTS INDONESIA

Basuki Budiman (Unknown)
Nurmeida S Syarief (Unknown)
Moesijanti Soekatri (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Sep 2013

Abstract

Status gizi ibu hamil mempunyai dampak perkembangan neuropsikologik pada bayi yang dilahirkan. Penyimpangan perkembangan (fisik dan mental) dapat diidentifikasi pada awal kehidupan. South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) adalah penelitian gizi klinik multi-center di empat negara pada bayi dan anak (0,5-12,9 tahun). Negara yang berpartisipasi adalah Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Vietnam. Data psikologi untuk mengetahui perkembangan mental anak,  termasuk aspek yang dikumpulkan. Pengukuran perkembangan anak menggunakan metode Denver Development Screening Test (DDST). Desain penelitian telah dijelaskan oleh Sandjaja, dkk. dalam artikel yang dimuat pada jurnal ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak Indonesia berusia balita yang dideteksi mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan (all four) sebesar 21,6 persen. Secara rinci penyimpangan perkembangan motorik kasar sebesar 11,5 persen; kemandirian (personal-social), adaptif-motor halus dan bahasa masing-masing 14,5; 11,8; dan 15,8 persen. Proporsi penyimpangan perkembangan pada bayi (0,5-0,9 tahun) terdeteksi paling besar (45,8%) dan secara keseluruhan penyimpangan yang terjadi pada keterampilan berbahasa (bicara) dan perkembangan kemandirian. Secara agregat (pool), hubungan antara penyimpangan neuropsikologik (all four) dan postur tubuh tidak ditemukan. Namun demikian, pada kelompok umur 1,0-2,9 tahun, hubungan tersebut ditemukan, sebaliknya hubungan ini tidak ditemukan pada kelompok umur lain. Pola asuh yang tidak optimal (bahasa, kemandirian) merupakan faktor risiko penyimpangan negatif perkembangan anak.ABSTRACTMENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN INFANTS AND CHILDREN: RESULTS OF SEANUTS INDONESIAMaternal nutrition during gestation has consequences on mental development of the offspring. The physical and mental disorders can be identified in early life. South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) is a multicenter nutrition study on children aged 0.5 to 12.9 years in which measurement of mental development is also included. The aim of this paper was to describe mental development of Indonesian children 0.5-5.9 years old. Denver Development Screening Test (DDST) was used to identify the deviation of development. Child’s height was measured to reflect posture. Detailed study design was described by Sandjaja, et al earlier in this issue. The results revealed that total suspected of late all four development was 21.6 percent, including 11.5, 14.5, 11.8, and 15.8 percent for gross-motor development, personal social, adaptation-fine motor, and language skill, respectively. Infants were the most often detected as severe suspected of late developments (45.8%), especially for language and personal social skill. Unadjusted data revealed that there were no associations found between neuropsychological deviation (all four) and posture. When it was adjusted, a significant difference was found only in 1.0-2.9 years old group. We concluded that parenting stimulation as be shown in language skill and personal-social were important risk factors. Keyword: mental development, DDST, posture, multi-center study

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Journal Info

Abbrev

Gizi_Indon

Publisher

Subject

Public Health

Description

Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) is an open access, peer-reviewed and inter-disciplinary journal managed by The Indonesia Nutrition Association (PERSAGI). Gizi Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Nutrition Association) has been accredited by Indonesian Institute of ...