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Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum

jcef
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 25811037 EISSN : 25495925 DOI : -

Core Subject : Social, Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum (JCEF) is a four-monthly journal on Civil Engineering and Environmental related sciences. The journal was established in 1992 as Forum Teknik Sipil, a six-monthly journal published in Bahasa Indonesia, where the first publication was issued as Volume I/1 - January 1992 under the name of Forum Teknik Sipil.

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Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013" : 6 Documents clear

RESTRUCTURING INDONESIAN RAILWAY – INTEGRATION OR SEPARATION Utut Widyanto; Siti Malkhamah
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Law No. 23/2007 on Railways is opening the option for private sector or Local Government to be involved in railways. This study investigated experiences from other countries in railway restructuring especially their measures and model of restructuration. The countries investigated are Germany, Japan, Britain, and Sweden. After investigating restructuration experiences from other countries and looking on Indonesian railway condition, the study developed two approach of restructuration.The first approach of restructuration was using vertical separation model. The approach has advantages of: eliminating potential discrimination from the current holding company, increase the transparency in railway fund management, and more competitive market. The disadvantages were the high transaction costs, a need for monitoring of the other’s performance, the difficulty in creating complex performance schedules. The second approach was using the integration model. It has advantages of lower transaction cost, easy to manage path allocation, and efficient scheduled design. The disadvantages were the misuse railway fund allocation, also potential discrimination to the new entrants.The study found that the separation model is still the best approach for restructuring Indonesian railway but if looking at the Indonesian railway current condition with its problem of backlog assets it would be better that the separation approach is used in the development of railway in other islands.Keywords: Restructuration, separation, funds, operator.

ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN A RIVER DIVERSION SYSTEM Agus Safari
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Sediment-related disaster especially debris flow occurs frequently in various places in Indonesia. It has been well known in general that debris flow contents big size of materials which huge power to destroy the river and surrounding area. Comprehensive measures and rising awareness to prevent the toll of human lives against sediment disaster is considered necessary. Diversion system to proximate river aimed to lessen sediment load by considering its capacities and sediment prevention facilities becomes an alternative counter measure of sediment flood disaster. Information of river diversion capability and associated phenomena due to sediment gravity flow is a fundamental desire for establishing reasonable sediment control plans. Physical model compared to simple mathematical model are conducted to know river diversion capacity to convey sediment. The experiment used a channel made of masonry with 80 cm wide in average and 400 cm length, and 10 % gradient. The proposed sediment control facilities comprises two types, there are open type dam with 33 cm wide, 16cm high (at +1.245m elevation of crest) and four slits in main stream river and close type dam 41 cm wide, 15 cm high (at +1.255m elevation of spillway) for river diversion. The distance of these facilities is 110 cm. The result of this study is expected to be able to explain the sediment gravity flow behavior in the field. It shows that the performance of river diversion and open type dam control volume depend on quantity and mechanism of sediment flow from upstream, and also elevation of crest of the open type dam. The largest amount of sediment gravity flow entering diversion channel is about 7 % of sediment inflow for +1245 m open dam crest elevation and +1255 m river diversion spillway elevation.Keywords: Natural disaster, sediment, river diversion system.

A REVIEW OF HIGH-SPEED RAIL PLAN IN JAVA ISLAND: A COMPARISON WITH EXISTING MODES OF TRANSPORT Eko Hartono; Imam Muthohar
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

In order to provide better transportation systems, Indonesian Government is planning to develop a new high-speed rail system in Java that will connect two biggest cities in Java Island, Jakarta and Surabaya, with approximately 685 kilometers of entirely new track. This paper reviewed the Indonesian Government’s plan to develop the high-speed rail in term of comparison to existing modes of transport.This study employs demands projection of high-speed rail using JETRO method and benchmarking from other countries’ high speed rails. Furthermore, air pollution caused by transport mode was calculated based on the emission factor from CACP & CNT. The last is generalized cost that considers total time to travel as value of money.It can be concluded that journey time and fare of the high-speed rail is very competitive to the air transport in Jakarta-Surabaya corridor. The journey time to travel from Jakarta to Surabaya is 4 hours and 19 minutes by high-speed train and 4 hours and 40 minutes by air. Based on the benchmarking analysis, the suitable fare for the high-speed rail should be 70% of the air transport. This study predicted that 61% of air passenger, 18% of conventional rail passenger and 12% of bus passenger will switch to the high-speed rail service in 2020. In total, the high-speed rail will have 24% of market share for the passenger transport and becomes the second largest market share after road transport (52%). The conventional rail and air transport have 14% and 9% of total market share to travel from Jakarta to Surabaya and vice versa. The high-speed rail development reduces carbon emissions caused by transportation systems in Java Island. It has been calculated that there are 2.542 million tonnages of CO2 per annum without introducing high-speed rail, however, the CO2 emissions decrease to 1.694 million tonnages per annum if the high-speed rail is developed in Java Island. Generalized cost of the high-speed rail is higher than road and conventional rail. However, it is lower than air transport.Keywords: Java high-speed rail, HSR Comparison, modal share, journey time

COMPEREHENSIVE TECHNICAL STUDIES OF FLOOD CONTROL OVER SOLO CITY AREA (CASE STUDY IN DEMANGAN BARRAGE) Ali Trusharyanto; Rachmad Jayadi; Darmanto Darmanto
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18903

City of Surakarta, known as Solo City is one of cities in Central Java Province traversed by Bengawan Solo River. Heavy rainfall in upstream area of Bengawan Solo River causes increase in high water level at downstream. Bengawan Solo River will be higher than water level in drainage system which may induce a backwater flow. Since Colonization era, the government has built dikes and barrages against backwater flow and inundation problem. One of the barrages was Demangan Barrage dividing river flow into Bengawan Solo River and Pepe River. It was equipped with total capacity pump of 12,3 m3/s. The inundation is not only caused by the backwater flow coming from Bengawan Solo River, but also surface runoff as the result of the excess rainfall which cannot be drained gravitationally to the main river if the gate was closed. Therefore, comprehensive study combining hydrology and hydraulics analysis is highly needed in order to achieve more effective flood control management.Hydrology analysis was done to estimate the direct runoff hydrograph from catchment area in Solo City to downstream of Pepe River. While in hydraulics case, hydraulic parameter in downstream of Pepe River influenced by Bengawan Solo River stream was analyzed. Both studies were simulated using software HEC-RAS 4.1.0 version. The simulation considered drainage channel, gate, pump system and dike in Pepe River downstream.Simulation using 10 years of return period in Solo City and average annual water level in Bengawan Solo River showed that Pepe River can flow through the gate, while the highest water level is still below the dike. Simulation considering 10 years of return period, water level hydrograph of Bengawan Solo River, existing pump, and gate operation inferred that Pepe River surpassed top of dike. Capacity of required pump should be more than 168,3 m3/s in order to pass 10 years of return period. By combining operational of existing pump and dike elevated up to +87,63 m, capacity of required pump became lesser which was approximately 120,3 m3/s. Simulation of HEC-RAS conducted by operating pump automatically on critical elevation without heightened dike obtained the total capacity of pump was 132,3 m3/s.Keywords: barrage, pump operation, Bengawan Solo River, flood control management.

EVALUATION OF DISASTER MITIGATION SYSTEM AGAINST LAHAR FLOW OF PUTIH RIVER, MT. MERAPI AREA T. Maksal Saputra
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Merapi mount lies in the border of Yogyakarta and Central Java province. It frequently produces lava sediment deposit in the upper part of the mount, or is called as lava dome. During the rain, the sediment can cause secondary disaster in form of lahar flood, which is potential to produce casualties, especially to the miners working along the river. Kali Putih, that is located in Magelang regency, is the area that undergoes frequents lahar flood that is 125 times in the period of 1931-1996. Meanwhile, there are 5,076 sand miners there. Therefore, it needs an evaluation toward the existing mitigation system that is related to the safety of sand miners.The evaluation is done toward structural mitigation system (Sabo Dam) and non-structural one (e.g. early warning, counseling, and evacuation system). Structural mitigation system is evaluated by comparing the availability of control volume of Sabo Dam to the sediment load during lahar flood, and comparing the travel time of the lahar flood with and without Sabo Dam. Non-structural mitigation system is evaluated by testing the accuracy of the lahar flood estimation chart, and by identifying early warning equipment system installed in field. Interview is also conducted with the miners to see their perception and opinions toward the mitigation.Result of the evaluation shows that the existing early warning system does not produce sufficient time for the sand miners to save themselves. The proposed solution is to divide sand mine area in Putih River into 3 zones, each zone has different procedure of the early warning and evacuation. This is arranged to avoid casualties to the sand miners.Keywords: Lahar flood, sand miners, early warning.

EVALUATING AND DEVELOPING LOGISTICS SYSTEM FOR EXPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (CASE STUDY IN YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE AND ADJACENT AREAS, INDONESIA) Rizkie Syahputera
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Indonesia is ranked 75 of 155 countries in the world for the Logistics Performance Index. Thus, logistics services efficiency has to be improved to make sure SMEs can be more competitive and gain benefit from international trade arena. Yogyakarta with its viscous culture has become a favorite tourism destination, with many art craft products. Its unique location which far from seaport inflicts higher cost to the exporting cost. The study is to understand the system, understand the constraints and provide recommendation to improve the efficiency of current system.The study uses questionnaire survey as the method to gather the data. It consists of 2 surveys, on survey 1 on SMEs and survey 2 on forwarders. The analysis is mainly descriptive. Results of survey 1 are that the respondents are quite satisfied with current system which is 90% of total respondent, 82 % of total respondents never have problems with the customs, and the biggest problem is uncertain regulation. Results of survey 2 are 89 % of total respondent never have problem with customs, the biggest problem is bribery and uncertain regulations, and the time needed to export is quite long.The recommendations are established by developing 5th party logistics, constructing clear and market responsive regulations, and improving the facilities of transport infrastructure.Keywords: SME, logistics, Indonesia, export.

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