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Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum

jcef
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 25811037 EISSN : 25495925 DOI : -

Core Subject : Social, Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum (JCEF) is a four-monthly journal on Civil Engineering and Environmental related sciences. The journal was established in 1992 as Forum Teknik Sipil, a six-monthly journal published in Bahasa Indonesia, where the first publication was issued as Volume I/1 - January 1992 under the name of Forum Teknik Sipil.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)" : 10 Documents clear

A Numerical Analysis of Landslide Movements Considering the Erosion and Deposition along the Flow Path Aminudin Syah; Teuku Faisal Fathani; Fikri Faris
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Landslides are one of the most frequent disasters which occur widespread in Indonesia. This disaster often causes damages and fatalities. One of the mitigations efforts to reduce potential loss is by predicting the area affected by landslide movement. This research developed a numerical model of landslide movement by incorporating the erosion and deposition laws along the flow path. This model improves the accuracy of the previous models which assume that landslide volume is constant without any consideration for the erosion and deposition. The governing equation of this newly developed model uses the Eulerian numerical approach based on the finite difference scheme. The erosion-deposition laws applied in this research are from Egashira et al. (2001), McDougall and Hungr (2005), and Blanc (2008). The simulation program applies Python programming language and examines an imaginary slope with ellipsoid-shaped of source area. The simulation result shows that the additional erosion-deposition formula can enlarge the volume and the affected area of landslide movement. It is clarified that the erosion rate is a determinant factor affecting the results of calculation.

Snake Line Performance Applying Single Pixel X-Band MP Radar Data (Case of Mt. Merapi Area, Indonesia) Ani Hairani; Adam Pamudji Rahardjo; Djoko Legono; Istiarto Istiarto
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

The short-duration-rainfall monitoring techniques have become important recently due to the high demand for disaster risk mitigation. Such techniques produce important information on the rainfall intensity during heavy rainfall in the form of snake line. At the same time, use of X-Band Multi-Parameter Radar (XMP Radar) in rainfall monitoring has increased significantly because of its capacity to cover wide area. An assessment on the snake line performance that was developed based on XMP Radar and ground rainfall monitoring instrument (i.e. Automatic Rainfall Recorder or ARR) has been applied to Mt. Merapi area, Java, Indonesia. Selected rainfall data of November-December 2018 were examined. The assessment used a single pixel of radar data at the location of the ARR. The result shows that rainfall data obtained from XMP Radar are lower than those from ARR. The computed snake line obtained from XMP Radar differs from that from ARR data. The XMP Radar underestimates the warning level by about two level out of four.

Determining Priority Service of Yogyakarta Adisutjipto Airport Using Servqual Method and Kano Model Mikael Gabra Gani; Dewanti Dewanti; Muhammad Zudhy Irawan; Faza Fawzan Bastarianto
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Nowadays, airports are expected to be operated as a self-service organisation that provides efficient and high-quality services. Since the satisfaction of passengers is essential for airport’s operators, the efforts to provide better services for passengers become a concern for airport’s operators by increasing the quality of service to passengers. It is crucial to identify which kind of services that would be the top priority service for the passengers. Thus, this study aims to improve the quality of service to passengers that are conducted by combining the Servqual method and Kano model. Servqual method is used to capture consumer perceptions and expectations of service along with the multi-dimensional research instrument, while the Kano model is a theory to observe costumer’s satisfaction preferences. The combination of the methods aims to determine the type of service that becomes the top priority for immediate improvement so that it can improve the service quality effectively. The selection of the priority services is based on the magnitude of the gap between expectations and perceptions of passengers on a particular service, and the assessment of passengers on the type of service that significantly influences passengers’ satisfaction with the service performance at the airport. The results of this research showed that there were three types of services as the top priority for improving their performance, namely the type of services related to the personal attention to passengers, the attractive waiting room conditions, and the understanding of each passenger’s needs individually. The airport management is expected to immediately improve the performance of the services so that the quality of service can immediately increase.

Performance of NGA Models in Predicting Ground Motion Parameters of The Strong Earthquake Lindung Zalbuin Mase
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) West 1 and 2 models are employed to predict the ground motion parameters of strong earthquake during the 6.9 Mw Kobe Earthquake in 1995. This study is initiated by collecting the data of ground motion parameters of the earthquake. Furthermore, the ground motion prediction is performed by using the NGA models. There are three ground motion parameters observed, i.e. peak ground acceleration (PGA), spectral acceleration (SA) at 0.2 second and SA at 1 second. The performances of the models are evaluated by using the Residual Values and Root Mean Square (RMS) Error. The results show that the NGA models could predict the ground motion parameters quite appropriately. It can be seen from the correlation values of the observed and the predicted values, which is relatively consistent each other, especially for peak ground acceleration. In general, this study could recommend the procedure in selecting the attenuation model for strong earthquakes. The study framework could be implemented to predict the ground motion in other regions.

The Simplified of Suspended Sediment Measurement Method in Natural River (Case study of Kuning River in Yogyakarta, Indonesia) Bambang Agus Kironoto; Bambang Yulistiyanto; Bangun Giarto; Mariatul Kiptiah; Muhammad Lutfi Tantowi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

The accumulation of suspended sediment reduces the capacity in the river and deteriorates the water quality. Kuning River in Yogyakarta is one of the main rivers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, which is currently facing the issue of suspended sediments. To reduce the effect of suspended sediment and determine a preventive measure, hence, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the suspended sediment flow. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the suspended sediment flow characteristics, i.e. the velocity, and the concentration profiles at specific points in the transverse direction of the channel as well as the correlation of the suspended sediment discharge. Thirty (30) profiles of velocity and suspended sediment concentration were measured at six different points along the Kuning River. Opcon probe was used to measure suspended sediment concentration, while the propeller current meter was used to measure mean point-velocity profiles. Results of this study show the suspended sediment discharge ratio, defined as are higher in the middle part of the channel than the one near the edge of the channel. The position of z/B where the values of 1 occurs at z/B = 0,19 and z/B = 0,75, which depend on the irregularity of the channel cross-sections. For practical purposes, the depth-averaged velocity and suspended sediment concentration can be determined from 1, 2 and/or 3 points measurement at y = 0,2D, 0,4D and 0,8D.

Bond Strength of Fusion Bonded Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement in Concrete G M Sadiqul Islam; Ehsan Ahmed; Md. Sabbir Hossain; S. M. Sharif Uddin
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Fusion-bonded epoxy-coated steel is expected to extend the service life of the reinforced concrete structure in chloride-laden environments. However, the effect of coating on the bond-strength between rebar and concrete is not well understood yet. This research, therefore, studied the effect of epoxy-coating on the bond characteristics of reinforcing bars in concrete. The bond characteristics were assessed through pullout test considering variables viz. concrete strength, embedded length and bar diameter. The load was applied to reinforcing bars embedded in concrete until bond strength between the bar and concrete exceeded. Bond strength of epoxy-coated bars was compared with that of the uncoated bars. It was found that epoxy-coating reduced the bond strength approximately 25% for Ø20mm bar and 12% for Ø16mm and Ø12mm bar. As with uncoated bar, bond strength of coated bars were also increased with concrete strength. However, the bond strength ratio between coated and uncoated bars was found almost independent of concrete strength. Based on the test results, a development length modification factor of 1.33 is proposed for Ø20mm bar and 1.15 for Ø12mm and Ø16mm bar to compensate the bond strength reduction due to the epoxy coating.

Non-Linear Buckling Analysis of Axially Loaded Column with Non-Prismatic I-Section Adrian Pramudita Dharma; Bambang Suryoatmono
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

In order to use material efficiently, non-prismatic column sections are frequently employed. Tapered-web column cross-sections are commonly used, and design guides of such sections are available. In this study, various web-and-flange-tapered column sections were analysed numerically using finite element method to obtain each buckling load assuming the material as elastic-perfectly plastic material. For each non-prismatic column, the analysis was also performed assuming the column is prismatic using average cross-section with the same length and boundary conditions. Buckling load of the prismatic columns were obtained using equation provided by AISC 360-16. This study proposes a multiplier that can be applied to the buckling load of a prismatic column with an average cross-section to acquire the buckling load of the corresponding non-prismatic column. The multiplier proposed in this study depends on three variables, namely the depth tapered ratio, width tapered ratio, and slenderness ratio of the prismatic section. The equation that uses those three variables to obtain the multiplier is obtained using regression of the finite element results with a coefficient of determination of 0.96.

Study of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Sengon to Concrete Joint Using Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation Urwatul Wusqo; Ali Awaludin; Angga Fajar Setiawan; Inggar Septhia Irawati
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

The connection system is a critical part of Timber – Concrete Composite (TCC) floor structures. The behaviour of the connection needs to be known to predict the behaviour of composite structure accurately. Screws are one kind of connector that mostly used in the composite structure due to its installation ease and high withdrawal strength. This study carried out a two-dimensional numerical simulation to examine the behaviour of LVL Sengon-concrete joint using OpenSees software. The lag screw used to connect LVL Sengon and concrete. In this simulation, the screw was assumed as a beam with hinges element that supported by a set of springs representing the strength of LVL Sengon and concrete. Some input parameters for this simulation were obtained from the material test and previous research. The effect of secondary axial force was considered into the load-displacement curve resulted from the numerical simulation. This study performed several simulations towards the variation of the screw diameter, penetration depth, and concrete compressive strength. The capacity of the connections resulted from the numerical simulation were overestimates the manual calculation using EYM theory and NDS 2018 equations. The capacity of the connection increased about 146% to 284% due to the addition of secondary axial forces. In addition, this simulation can adequately predict the shear force, bending moment, and deformation of the screw. There is a plastic hinge formed in the screw after the screw being deformed a quite large. It shows the same yield mode with the manual calculation using EYM theory and NDS 2018 equations. This simulation also can show the contribution of each spring elements to resist the load until its ultimate strength.

Properties of Cement Brick with Partial Replacement of Sand and Cement with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Silica Fume Jen Hua Ling; Yong Tat Lim; Wen Kam Leong; Euniza Jusli; How Teck Sia
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and silica fume (SF) are the by-products of the oil palm plantation and the ferroalloy smelting industries, respectively. Improper disposal of these materials leads to negative implication to the environment. This study was carried out to investigate the potential application of EFB and SF in cement bricks. EFB fibre and SF replaced up to 25% of sand and cement in the mix, respectively, in several groups of specimens that distinguished the normal, EFB-, SF- and EFB-SF-cement bricks. The specimens were tested for the compressive strength, density and water absorption property. The results reveal that SF, at an optimum amount of 10% cement replacement, increased 10% of the strength of the cement brick. EFB fibre reduced the strength and density but increased water absorption property of the cement brick. For application in the construction industry, SF and EFB fibre contents should be kept within 10% and 20% respectively.

Correcting Radar Rainfall Estimates Based on Ground Elevation Function Roby Hambali; Djoko Legono; Rachmad Jayadi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

X-band radar gives several advantages for quantitative rainfall estimation, involving higher spatial and temporal resolution, also the ability to reduce attenuation effects and hardware calibration errors. However, the estimates error due to attenuation in heavy rainfall condition cannot be avoided. In the mountainous region, the impact of topography is considered to contribute to radar rainfall estimates error. To have more reliable estimated radar rainfall to be used in various applications, a rainfall estimates correction needs to be applied. This paper discusses evaluation and correction techniques for radar rainfall estimates based on ground elevation function. The G/R ratio is used as a primary method in the correction process. The novel approach proposed in this study is the use of correction factor derived from the relationship between Log (G/R) parameter and elevation difference between radar and rain gauge stations. A total of 4590 pairs of rainfall data from X-band MP radar and 15 rain gauge stations in the Mt. Merapi region were used in evaluation and correction process. The results show the correction method based on the elevation function is relatively good in correcting radar rainfall depth with values of Log (G/R) decreased up to 81.1%, particularly for light rainfall (≤ 20 mm/hour) condition. Also, the method is simple to apply in a real-time system.

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