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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006" : 8 Documents clear

STABILISASI TANAH LIAT SANGAT LUNAK DENGAN GARAM DAN PC (PORTLAND CEMENT) Tirta Djusman Arief
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Adding sodium chloride, as admixture, and Portland Cement, as stabilizer, to a very soft clay increase its plasticity index (PI), Californian Bearing Ratio (CBR), and Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS). This paper presents the results of testings done to very soft clay from Margomulyo, Surabaya. The results show a promising tendency. Anyhow a wider and comprehensive research is still needed to ensure the long-term effect of the soil stabilization. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Penambahan garam (sodium chloride) dan PC (Portland Cement) meningkatkan PI (Plasticity Index), CBR (Californian Bearing Ratio), dan UCS (Unconfined Compression Strength) dari tanah lempung sangat lunak. Dalam makalah ini disajikan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap lempung sangat lunak dari daerah Margomulyo, Surabaya. Hasilnya menunjukkan kecenderungan yang menggembirakan, namun penelitian yang luas dan komprehensif masih diperlukan untuk peningkatan stabilitas tanah dalam jangka panjang.

PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN HUBUNGAN PENAMBAHAN SERAT POLYMERIC TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BETON NORMAL Yohanes L. D. Adianto; Tri Basuki Joewono
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The objective of this research is to explore the effect of adding polymeric fiber to the characteristics of normal concrete (fcâ= 30 MPa). Two types of fiber, namely polypropylene and nylon, are considered. The research tested four types of concrete characteristics, namely compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and cyclical loading. According to the analyses, linear regression with linearity in parameter can explain good relationship. All models developed can explain the variability of the data and are significant in the 0.05 level of significance, except for the relationhip between compressive strength and modulus of elasticity with percentage of nylon. Quadratic function was developed for the relationship between fiber content with the compressive strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity. An efficient model was created by simultaneously modeling the relationship of compressive strength, fiber content, including the age of concrete. Model with logarithmic function was developed for the relation between number of cyclic loading and content of polypropylene, but not for nylon. Analysis showed that the model between cyclical loadings with polypropylene content was better compared with nylon content. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hubungan penambahan serat polymeric terhadap karakteristik beton normal (fcâ= 30 MPa). Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua jenis serat polymeric, yaitu serat polypropylene dan nylon. Penelitian ini menguji empat jenis karakteristik beton, yaitu kuat tekan, kuat lentur, modulus elastisitas, dan pembebanan berulang. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa model regresi linier dengan kelinieran pada parameter dapat menjelaskan hubungan dengan baik. Seluruh model yang dibangun mampu menjelaskan variabilitas data dengan baik dan juga merupakan model yang signifikan pada tingkat keterandalan 0,05, kecuali model hubungan antara kuat tekan dan modulus elastisitas dengan kadar serat nylon. Model dengan fungsi kuadratis dibangun untuk hubungan kadar serat dengan kuat tekan, kuat lentur, dan modulus elastisitas. Suatu model yang efisien telah dibangun untuk menggambarkan hubungan simultan antara kuat tekan, kadar serat, dengan juga melibatkan variabel umur beton. Model dengan fungsi logaritma dibangun hanya untuk hubungan antara jumlah pembebanan berulang dengan penambahan serat polypropylene, namun tidak pada serat nylon. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa model hubungan pembebanan berulang dengan serat polypropylene lebih baik dibandingkan dengan model untuk serat nylon.

MANAGING THE BUILDING DESIGN PROCESS FOR SUSTAINABILTY AND IMPROVED QUALITY Joseph A. Fadamiro; Sunday Bobadoye
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The essence of building design process and management for building sustainability in the creation and maintenance of a qualitative architectural product is investigated in this paper. The design process, concept of building sustainability and particularly the quality of the built environment are discussed. Akure, a state capital in Nigeria was used as a case study. The principles and indicators for sustainability of buildings and its implications on the quality of the environment are examined in details. Survey findings include the views of the professionals on the clients, perception on the design process as well as management of projects, and the implications on the quality of the ensuring products and the cityâs environment. The data were factor analyzed using varimax rotation criterion (with Kaiser Normalization). The results revealed that five factors were effective, with one of them exhibiting the greatest variability and individual differences. The variables that loaded on this factor were really the aspects of the process and management relating to the clients. The findings also revealed the professionalsâ wrong attitude towards design process as shown with a very high degree of variability in the study. The paper concludes by recommending the enactment and enforcement of relevant policies with adequate education of the people and the involvement of all the stakeholders in the management of building projects and environmental programmes for the realization of a qualitative architectural product.

SLAB FORMWORK DESIGN Octavian George Ilinoiu
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Note from the Editor: In Indonesia, although cost of formwork contributes significantly to the total reinforced concrete construction cost and formwork failure will result in a very complicated construction problem, formwork design is often neglected and left to the foreman to design. This paper presents slab formwork design practice in Romania, where formwork design is a requirement to obtain professional engineer certification. This paper is a continuation of previous paper â Wall Formwork Designâ by the same author published in Dimensi Teknik Sipil, Vol. 6, no. 2, September 2004. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Catatan Redaksi: Perencanaan bekisting (form work) di Indonesia sering kali dilalaikan dan diserahkan kepada pelaksana/ mandor, padahal kegagalan bekisting akan menimbulkan masalah yang sangat rumit. Bekisting juga merupakan komponen biaya pelaksanaan struktur beton bertulang yang cukup besar. Makalah ini memaparkan praktek perencanaan bekisting untuk lantai di Romania, dimana perencanaan bekisting merupakan salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan sertifikasi insinyur professional. Makalah ini adalah kelanjutan dari makalah Wall Formwork Design, yang dimuat dalam Dimensi Teknik Sipil, Vol. 6, no.2, September 2004.

PENGARUH ELEKTROKINETIK TERHADAP DAYA DUKUNG PONDASI TIANG DI LEMPUNG MARINA Daniel Tjandra; Paravita Sri Wulandari
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Electrokinetics is one of soft ground improvement methods to improve its bearing capacity. The objective of this research is to investigate the increase of friction and end bearing resistance of an embedded instrumented model pile in marine clay after electrokinetics treatment. The initial geotechnical properties of soil surrounding the pile foundation is obtained by several soil laboratory tests. For pile bearing capacity analysis, friction and end bearing resistance of pile was measured by load cell measuring device, while un-drained shear strength analysis was measured by vane shear test. The result of this research showed that after 24 hours electrokinetics treatment, the un-drained shear strength increased closer to the pile, and the bearing capacity of pile increased 14 times. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Elektrokinetik adalah salah satu metode perbaikan tanah lunak yang diaplikasikan untuk meningkatkan daya dukung tanah lunak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki peningkatan tahanan friksi dan ujung suatu model pondasi tiang di lempung marina setelah dilakukan proses elektrokinetik. Karakteristik tanah pada kondisi mula-mula di sekitar pondasi tiang didapatkan dari beberapa pengujian di laboratorium. Untuk analisa daya dukung tiang, tahanan friksi dan ujung dari pondasi tiang diukur dengan alat pengukur load cell, sedangkan analisa kuat geser undrained diukur dengan pengujian baling-baling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah pada tanah dilakukan proses elektrokinetik selama 24 jam, daya dukung dari pondasi tiang meningkat 14 kali dan semakin dekat dengan tiang, kuat geser undrained juga semakin meningkat.

PENGARUH ARAH SAYAP PELIMPAH SAMPING DAN KEDALAMAN ALIRAN TERHADAP KOEFISIEN DEBIT Indratmo Soekarno
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Side weir is a type of protection structure which function is to protect channels from damage caused by excessive amount of water (overtopping) so the water level in channels or rivers is to be preserved. The type is spatially varied flow with decrease of discharge occurs in main channels along the side weir. Usually design of spillway applies entrance of slope 900. Thus this reduces discharge coefficient. In this research, the influence entrance slope less than 900 was observed such as 600 and 300. The observation showed that discharge coefficient is function of entrance slope and ratio value of water depth to weir radius (h/r) with largest discharge coefficient around value (0.341 â 0.366) with entrance slope value (55.850 â 57.730). Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pelimpah Samping (side weir) adalah bangunan untuk melindungi saluran dari kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh jumlah air yang berlebihan (overtopping). Dengan dipasang pelimpah samping maka ketinggian air di saluran atau sungai tetap terjaga. Tipe aliran adalah aliran berubah lambat laun terhadap ruang (spatially varied flow) dengan penurunan debit yang terjadi di saluran utama sepanjang pelimpah. Selama ini pembangunan pelimpah samping menggunakan sudut masuk 900 terhadap aliran utama. Dengan demikian mempunyai kerugian yakni berkurangnya koefisien pengaliran. Dilain pihak asumsi koefisien pengaliran tersebut sampai sekarang tetap dianggap cukup besar. Pada penelitian ini diamati pengaruh sudut masuk sayap yang lebih kecil dari 900 yaitu sudut 600 dan 300. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien debit merupakan fungsi dari sudut masuk dan nilai perbandingan kedalaman air dan jari-jari pelimpah (h/r). Koefisien debit terbesar bernilai antara (0,341 â 0,366) pada sudut masuk antara (55,850- 57,730).

PENGARUH VARIASI TEKANAN KEMPA TERHADAP KUAT LENTUR KAYU LAMINASI DARI KAYU MERANTI DAN KERUING Buan Anshari
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The use of timber as a structural material is not only limited to solid timber but also as laminate called glue-laminated timber (glulam). The design of glulam depends on many factors such as the expertise of the designer, timber grade and its combination, adhesive quality, gluing process and clamping process. This research explores the optimum clamp pressure to obtain maximum bending strength of glulam timber which is a combination of Keruing and Meranti Woods using Polivynyl Asetat (PVA) and Melamin Formaldehyde (MF) adhesives. The combination of timber for shear specimen are Keruing Meranti Keruing (KMK), Keruing Keruing Meranti (KKM), and Keruing Meranti Meranti (KMM), the clamp pressures used are 0,2 MPa, 0,6 MPa, 1,0 MPa, and 1,4 Mpa. The duration of clamping is six hours for all combination. The result shows that the bonding strength of shear specimen reaches a maximum of 75,13 kg/cm2 with a clamp pressure of 0,6 MPa using MF adhesive. The maximum flexural strength achieved is 656,37 kg/cm2 with a clamp perssure of 0,6 MPa using MF adhesive as well. Abstract in BahasaIndonesia : Pemakaian kayu sebagai bahan struktural tidak hanya terbatas sebagai kayu utuh, tetapi juga sebagai balok laminasi atau glulam. Proses perancangan kayu dipengaruhi beberapa faktor seperti, tingkat keahlian perancang, faktor kayu yang digunakan beserta kombinasinya, perekat dan proses perekatannya serta proses pengempaannya. Penelitian ini mencari besar tekanan kempa optimum untuk mendapatkan kekuatan lentur maksimum kayu laminasi dari kayu Keruing dan Meranti yang direkatkan dengan perekat Polivynyl Asetat (PVA) dan Melamin Formaldehyde (MF). Kombinasi yang digunakan pada benda uji lamiasi adalah Keruing Meranti Keruing (KMK), Keruing Keruing Meranti (KKM), dan Keruing Meranti Meranti (KMM), dengan tekanan kempa rencana sebesar 0,2 MPa, 0,6 MPa, 1,0 MPa, dan 1,4 MPa untuk semua kombinasi. Proses pengempaan dilakukan selama enam jam. Hasil pengujian pada benda uji kuat lekat menunjukkan keteguhan rekat maksimum sebesar 75,13 kg/cm2 dicapai dengan tekanan kempa 0,6 MPa dengan perekat MF. Sedangkan pada balok laminasi kuat lentur maksimum mencapai 656,37 kg/cm2 pada tekanan kempa 0,6 MPa dengan kombinasi kayu Keruing Meranti Keruing dan perekat MF.

STUDI TENTANG DAKTILITAS STRUKTUR PADA SISTEM SHEARWALL FRAME DENGAN BELT TRUSS Pamuda Pudjisuryadi; Debby Kurnia Dewi; Adi Susanto; Benjamin Lumantarna
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Previous researches have shown that belt truss could function very well as (virtual) outrigger in the elastic region, the non-linear behaviour of the structural system has not been studied. In this study the performance of a 30 story shearwall-frame-belt truss structure which is designed using structural ductility equal to 3.75 is evaluated using dynamic nonlinear time history analysis. The earthquake loads used are spectrum consistent acceleration in accordance to the Indonesian Earthquake Code, SNI 03-1726-2002 modified from the North-South components of El Centro, May 18, 1940 with return periods of 27, 67, 135, 260, 500, and 1050 years. It is shown that for the structure considered in this study, a structural ductility of 3.75 could not be used, since some structural elements fail (damage index > 1) at 135 years return period. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa belt truss dapat berfungsi dengan baik sebagai (virtual) outrigger, tetapi penelitian-penelitian tersebut hanya meninjau prilaku elastis dan belum meninjau prilaku nonliner struktur akibat gempa besar. Dalam penelitian ini prilaku nonliner sebuah struktur shearwall-frameâbelt truss 30 tingkat yang direncanakan dengan daktilitas struktur sebesar 3.75, dievaluasi menggunakan analisis dinamis non-linier riwayat waktu. Rekaman gempa yang digunakan sebagai beban adalah gempa El Centro 18 Mei 1940 komponen North â South yang dimodifikasi agar mempunyai respons spectrum sesuai dengan SNI 03-1726-2002 dengan periode ulang 27, 67, 135, 260, 500 dan 1050 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk struktur yang ditinjau, daktilitas struktur 3.75 tidak dapat digunakan, karena pada gempa dengan periode ulang 135 tahun, beberapa elemen struktur telah mencapai damage index lebih dari satu (melewati batas safety limit state).

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