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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August" : 15 Documents clear
Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Concentrically Loaded RC Columns Strengthening by Textile Reinforced Concrete Jacketing Ngo, Dang Quang; Nguyen, Huy Cuong; Mai, Dinh Loc; Vu, Van Hiep
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091558

Abstract

Nowadays, Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) has become a very popular strengthening technique for concrete structures. This paper presents an investigation on the applicability of TRC for strengthening reinforced concrete column. Both experimental and numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the confinement effects of various TRC strengthening schemes. The experimental study is performed on a series of six reinforced concrete square columns tested to failure. Two of them were un-strengthened as references, the other four were strengthened by one or two layers of Carbon Textile Reinforced Concrete (CTRC). The results indicated that the application of carbon TRC enhanced the ductility and ultimate strength of the specimens. Failure of all strengthened columns was together with tensile rupture of textile reinforcements at the corners of column. Finite element models of the CTRC strengthened columns based on ATENA software package were developed and verified with the experimental results. The analytical results show that in the specimen corner areas, textile reinforcements are subjected to a 3D complicated stress state and this may be the cause of their premature failure.
Numerical Modeling of Encased Stone Columns Supporting Embankments on Sabkha Soil Debbabi, Imad Eddine; Saddek, Remadna Mohamed; Rashid, Ahmad Safuan A.; Muhammed, Abubakar Sadiq
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091569

Abstract

The present research work is concerned with the construction of road embankments on a specific soil called Sabkha in Algeria. This soil is not only soft and very humid during the flooding seasons but also has frequent small areas of very soft soil which we here call Locally Weak Zones (LWZ). LWZ is characterized by low strength and high compressibility. The paper presents the results of two-dimensional axisymmetric numerical analyze that were carried out using PLAXIS 2D 2017, for the modeling of an embankment supported by stone columns on Sabkha soil. The study focuses on the evaluation of the maximum bulging of the stone column and on the settlement of the embankment. It has been demonstrated that Ordinary Stone Columns (OSC) were ineffective due to excessive bulging (221.16 mm) caused by the lack of lateral pressure. On the other hand, the Encased Stone Columns (ESC) showed good behavior, namely a much reduced bulging (42.09 mm) and a reasonable settlement (0.962 m vs. 1.560 m for an OSC) so that it is possible to build safe very high embankments. The numerical analysis also shows that the length of the encasement should just be greater than the depth of the LWZ. Besides, an extensive parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of the variations of embankment height, stiffness of geosynthetic, the depth of the locally weak zone, area replacement ratio (ARR), and the stone column friction angle, on the performance of the (ESC) - embankment composite in (LWZ). Some important guidelines for selecting the ideal encased stone column (ESC) to support embankments on over locally weak zone were established through this numerical study.
Numerical Analysis of Single-Angle Steel Member Under Tension Force with Different End Deformations Ahmed M. Sayed
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091564

Abstract

Steel members with a single-angle cross-section are widely used, but some of their behaviours under loads are not considered by design codes, necessitating related research. This study is carried out on fifty steel single-angle members focused on the stress distribution behaviour and the ultimate axial load capacities under different end deformations through 3-dimensional Finite Element (FE) simulations and comparison with previous experimental findings. FE modeling is capable of modeling steel structures with high accuracy. Based on the results, the length of the angle affects neither the shape of the stress distribution nor the ultimate load capacity of the element. The end deformations affect the stress distribution on the member angle cross-section, including the ultimate load capacity. The end deformations which restricted deformations in the two directions perpendicular to the load axis are found to be optimal, with an average increase in load capacity by a factor of 1.96 for an equal angle and 2.21 for an unequal angle compared with the capacities calculated for single angles with deformations allowed in all directions. The appearance of a compression zone on the unconnected angle leg reduces the ultimate load capacity. The current design code (ANSI/AISC-360) can be adopted to calculate the ultimate load in the case of no deformation in the y-axis direction and no deformations in the x- and y-axis directions where the mean ratios of PNum/Pcode are 1.24 and 1.34 respectively. However, the code does not agree with the end deformations of free deformations and no deformation in the x-axis direction for either equal or unequal angles where the mean ratios of PNum/Pcode are 0.64 and 0.79 respectively, which is unsafe.
Performance of Bio Concrete by Using Bacillus Pasteurii Bacteria Metwally, Gehad A. M.; Mahdy, Mohamed; Abd El-Raheem, Ahmed El-Raheem H.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091559

Abstract

In concrete, cracking is a common phenomenon due to its relatively low tensile strength‎ ‎, which occurs due to external loads and imposed deformations‎‎. The main research objective is to create a kind of self-healing concrete by employing mineral producing bacteria Bacillus pasteurii‎ to locate the rift in the most favourable circumstances for autogenous healing to take place. Self-healing concrete containing bacteria has been generated for this study through the application of bacterial self-healing elements as ‎spores ‎and nutrients with different percentages of bacteria ranging from (10% - 25%) as a replacement of mixing water is added at the time of pouring. The bacteria influence was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and with Energy ‎Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer. The mechanical properties and durability of a thirty-five mixture were ‎examined. The optimal blending content proportion was ‎10SF20BC, which showed an increment in compressive strength and flexural strength compared to the control mixture ‎to ‎reach 79.16%, 50% respectively and 24.38% enhancement in sulfate resistance. The highest percentage of calcium carbonate precipitations was ‎9.49% of a weight of ‎mixtures ‎elements, which, in turn, revealed the highest area repair rate, which was able to fill the ‎crack with widths leads to 0.80 mm.
Analysis of the Benefits of Implementation of IPD for Construction Project Stakeholders Mahdi Alinezhad; Ehsan Saghatforoush; Zahra Kahvandi; Christopher Preece
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091570

Abstract

The greatest challenges for construction infrastructure projects are those related to increasing problems of managing the time and cost in project implementation. For many years, new methods have been used to reduce the problems to do with separation of design from the implementation stage. An important point is that all projects tend to require integration; however, it has been observed that construction projects usually enjoy the benefits and capacities of updated methods and technologies later than other industries. One of these approaches, which have been growing in developed countries for some time, is using the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) approach. Using such an approach has various benefits, but also would seem to pose significant challenges. To-date, it and has not still achieved success in terms of legal recognition and wider implementation. The aim of this study is to extract the benefits of the implementation of the IPD approach using an in-depth literature review. Then descriptive analysis is applied to identify the benefits of IPD. The benefits of applying this approach for key construction project stakeholders are classified using pattern analysis. This study has offered a framework in order to present available generic and specific benefits to each project stakeholder, and it provides the required motivation for project owners to use and implement it in their future projects. Moreover, they should understand the important factors that lead to IPD adoption. They can use this information to develop a contractual framework to make it more effective.
Remove Chemical Contaminants from Potable Water by Household Water Treatment System Teba S. Hussain; Alaa H. Al-Fatlawi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091565

Abstract

The Main aim of the present study is to manufacture "Low- Cost Water Filter" for purification water and are designed for small water capacity, using readily available material and environmentally friendly such as kaolin clay, and jute fibers. A number of household treatment systems are readily available in the market. They are differing mainly in make and water purification mechanisms utilized. Most of the available household treatment devices are costly and hence there is a need to come up with cheap or affordable treatment technologies. This research was carried out to determine the efficiency of Kaolin-jute fibers filters in improving water impurities. Types of filters that were used during this study are: Filter 1, build with mixing ratio 85% kaolin clay, and 15% jute fibers, Filter 2: 80% kaolin clay, and 20% jute fibers, Filter 3, 75% kaolin clay, and 25% jute fibers. Effectiveness of these filters in decreasing chemical parameters like Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH), Chloride (Cl), Calcium (Ca), Total Hardness (T.H), Magnesium (Mg), Alkalinity (ALK), Sulfates (SO4), Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K), were 8.7%, 71.54%, 70.5%, 70.5%, 80.7%, 77.9%, 85.5%, 71.64%, and 69.6% respectively. Kaolin-jute fibers filters can produce enough drinking and cooking water for a family of small members due to their flow rates. These filters may be considered for treating contaminated water at household scale in rural areas and places where water is taken directly from the source without treatment.
Enhancement Punching Shear in Flat Slab Using Mortar Infiltrated Fiber Concrete Shwalia, Ali Sabah Imran; Al-Salim, Nabeel Hasan Ali; Al-Baghdadi, Haider M.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091560

Abstract

In this paper, improving the punching shear of slab column connection using mortar infiltrated fiber concrete is studied. Eight specimens of reinforced concrete slabs identical in dimension and reinforcement were tested, six of them were casting with hybrid concrete (normal strength concrete and mortar infiltrated fiber concrete) and two specimens were cast with normal strength concrete as control specimens. All specimens were tested under vertical loading. The mortar infiltrated fiber concrete was cast monolithically with the normal strength concrete at different thickness at one and a half times of the effective depth (1.5d) at the center of the slab, once at all the thickness of cross section of the slab and the others at half thickness either tension or compression face of the slabs all cases cast with two types of fiber. The vertical load was applied upward through a square column with a dimension of (100 mm). In all slabs, no failure in mortar infiltrated fiber concrete was observed. The test results showed that the use of mortar infiltrated fiber concrete improves the punching shear strength for some cases according to the type of fibers and the location of casting mortar infiltrated fiber concrete in slabs. The enhancement in punching shear strength due to using mortar infiltrated fiber concrete at 1.5d square shape (265 mm) ranged from 4% to 46% compared with the control specimens.
Application of Tuned Mass Dampers for Structural Vibration Control: A State-of-the-art Review Fatemeh Rahimi; Reza Aghayari; Bijan Samali
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091571

Abstract

Given the burgeoning demand for construction of structures and high-rise buildings, controlling the structural vibrations under earthquake and other external dynamic forces seems more important than ever. Vibration control devices can be classified into passive, active and hybrid control systems. The technologies commonly adopted to control vibration, reduce damage, and generally improve the structural performance, include, but not limited to, damping, vibration isolation, control of excitation forces, vibration absorber. Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) have become a popular tool for protecting structures from unpredictable vibrations because of their relatively simple principles, their relatively easy performance optimization as shown in numerous recent successful applications. This paper presents a critical review of active, passive, semi-active and hybrid control systems of TMD used for preserving structures against forces induced by earthquake or wind, and provides a comparison of their efficiency, and comparative advantages and disadvantages. Despite the importance and recent advancement in this field, previous review studies have only focused on either passive or active TMDs. Hence this review covers the theoretical background of all types of TMDs and discusses the structural, analytical, practical differences and the economic aspects of their application in structural control. Moreover, this study identifies and highlights a range of knowledge gaps in the existing studies within this area of research. Among these research gaps, we identified that the current practices in determining the principle natural frequency of TMDs needs improvement. Furthermore, there is an increasing need for more complex methods of analysis for both TMD and structures that consider their nonlinear behavior as this can significantly improve the prediction of structural response and in turn, the optimization of TMDs.
Traffic Congestion: Shift from Private Car to Public Transportation Layth Riyadh Abdulrazzaq; Mohammed Naeem Abdulkareem; Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid; Muhamad Nazri Borhan; Mina Salah Mahdi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091566

Abstract

Private Cars (PC) are becoming the most common way to travel daily. This is one of the effects of poor access to Public Transport (PT). As a result, increase air pollution, traffic congestion, noise, accidents. This study aims to develop a modal shift model for car users to shift to PT and determine the factors that effects the performance of the mode of transportation. A survey of 384 of PT users was conducted in Kajang city, Malaysia. Data were processed by SPSS software. A binary logit model has been used for three different lines (car, train and bus). The explanatory factors that looked at two models include trip distances, a trip rate per day, trip time, gender, age, and occupation, which are important variables. Mode Choice Model (Car vs Bus) show the travel time and distance travelled are significant factors to increase the use of public buses and reduce dependence on the car. While in Model (Car vs Train), the travel time is an important variable that effects of the switching decision between car and train. Younger people are more likely to switch in both models. Improve some factors like reliability in public transport services and change some fundamental policy could be the most effective measures for shifting from PC to PT.
Parametric Vine Copula Construction for Flood Analysis for Kelantan River Basin in Malaysia Shahid Latif; Firuza Mustafa
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2020): August
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091561

Abstract

The multivariate approach of flood characteristics such as flood peak flow (P), volume (V), and duration (D) is much beneficial in recognizing the critical behaviour of flood episodes at a river basin scale. The incorporation of 2-dimensional copulas for establishing bivariate flood dependency frequently appears, but it could be more comprehensive if we focus all the three flood characteristic simultaneously. In such circumstances, incorporation of vine or Pair-Copula Construction (PCC) could produce a better approximation of joint probability density and much practical approach in the uncertainty analysis, in comparison with conventional trivariate copula distribution. This study demonstrated the efficacy of parametric vine copula in the modelling of trivariate flood characteristics for the Kelantan River basin in Malaysia. The D-vine tree structure is selected where the Gaussian and Frank copula is recognized for bivariate flood pairs (P-V) and (P-D) pairs in the first stage, using the maximum-pseudo-likelihood (MPL) estimation procedure. Similarly, the Gumbel copula is selected in the modelling of conditioned data obtained through the conditional distribution function of bivariate copulas selected in the previous stage based on the partial differentiation, also called h-function. Finally, the full density function of the 3-dimension structure is derived and compared with the observed flood characteristics. Furthermore, tail dependence properties and behaviour of D-vine copula are also investigated, which reveals for well capturing the general behaviour of Gaussian and Frank copula fitted to flood pair (P-V) and (V-D) and reproduces the overall flood correlation structure fairely well. Both the primary ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ joint return periods for trivariate flood events are estimated which pointing that ‘AND’ joint case produces higher return value than ‘OR’ case. 

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