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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023" : 5 Documents clear
The Effect of Microwave Power in the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Citrus sinensis Peels Extract Tanty Fatikasari; Iis Nurhasanah; Ali Khumaeni
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.11.451-456

Abstract

There are numerous green methods for synthesizing silver nanoparticles using plant extracts such as leaves, flowers, stems, and fruit extracts. However, most of those synthesized have weaknesses such as slow reduction and inefficient time. This study used a microwave to accelerate the reduction process of Ag+ ions into Ag0 nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of Citrus sinensis peels. A heating time of 5 minutes produces silver nanoparticles in optimal condition with a color change from yellow to reddish brown. According to UV-Vis, silver nanoparticles at power 100 W and 300 W show peaks at 404 nm and 406 nm. FTIR indicates that phytochemical compounds are involved in the reduction of nanoparticles. XRD shows silver nanoparticles are FCC crystalline. TEM reveals that power 100 W yields an average diameter of 12 nm while 300 W shows a smaller diameter of 5 nm.
Green Production of Chitin from Black Soldier Fly Pupae Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Nila Tanyela Berghuis; Raisya Salsabila; Shanny Fridarima; Ananda Azhari Aprianty Pabo; Intan Puspita Sari
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.11.437-444

Abstract

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are eco-sustainable, non-toxic, non-volatile, renewable, reusable, and biodegradable, and are composed of natural compounds. NADES were developed as a new-generation solvent for extracting chitin from black soldier fly (BSF) pupae, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. Here, two promising NADES, consisting of mixtures of choline chloride-betaine-xylitol (NADES A) and choline chloride-malic acid-water (NADES B), were tested. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the changes in the chemical composition of the extracted chitin. α-chitin revealed at wavenumbers 1660-1500 cm-1, in the amide group and decomposed at 330-350°C. NADES A and NADES B have a crystalline index of 91.65% and 90.65%, respectively. The chitin-NADES A and chitin-NADES B surfaces reveal the repetition of square, pentagonal, and hexagonal units (250× magnification) and fibrils (25,000× magnification). This study provides a green approach for chitin production from BSF and reveals the potential of NADES for extracting bio-polymers from natural sources.
Polystyrene Sulfonate-Chitosan Membrane from Styrofoam Waste as The Adsorbent for Fe (III) Metals from Ex-Tin Mining Faizah Alivia Putri; Widia Widia; Addela Amelia; Robby Gus Mahardika
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.11.445-450

Abstract

Styrofoam waste is difficult to degrade and decompose because it is included in inorganic waste, so it will negatively impact human health and the environment. A good and efficient method for chemical modifications that can convert Styrofoam into an appropriate material is needed. The heavy metal content in pond water is considered not good if used as drinking water because the heavy metal content in some ponds exceeds the quality standard for clean water, which is not good for health. Therefore, this research utilized Styrofoam waste in the environment with chemical modification into a sulfonated polystyrene-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex membrane as a heavy metal adsorbent in wastewater from a former tin mine. The PSS-chitosan membrane composition of 10:10 shows better adsorption capabilities than that of 12:8 and 8:12 on standard Fe metal. The adsorption efficiency of the PSS-chitosan membrane on Fe metal in underground water was (39.1 ± 3.1)%.
Impact of Alkaline Immersion Time on Nano-Hydroxyapatite Synthesis from Broiler Eggshells with Electrochemical Method Using Constant Direct Current (CDC) Asep Muhamad Samsudin; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Hana Nikma Ulya; Muhammad Akhsanil Auladi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.11.421-426

Abstract

Calcium phosphate is widely used in biomaterials, especially as a bone substitute. One of the calcium phosphate compounds that is widely used is hydroxyapatite. In biomedical applications, nano-sized hydroxyapatite particles have better bioactivity than coarse crystals. Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized from various sources of calcium and phosphate. Broiler eggshells were chosen as a source of calcium in this study because they have a relatively high calcium content. The method used in the synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite in this research is the electrochemical method. This research aims to examine the effect of varying NaOH immersion time on the size and structure of calcium phosphate particles produced using an electrochemical method made from chicken egg shells. The synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite from chicken egg shells was carried out in 4 stages: material preparation, electrolysis, precipitate immersion, and characterization. Nanometer-sized particles can be acquired through an immersion process lasting at least four hours, and it is observed that the longer the duration of immersion, the greater the resemblance of the resulting structure to hydroxyapatite.
Characterization of Degradable Plastics from Sago and Breadfruit Starch-Based with Addition of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Catalyst and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Rozanna Dewi; Novi Sylvia; Medyan Riza
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 11 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 11 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.11.427-436

Abstract

Degradable plastic can be used as a substitute for commercial plastic. Degradable plastic made from starch with zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has biodegradable properties. This research used sago starch, breadfruit starch, ZnO catalyst, and PVA as additives to strengthen the mechanical properties of degradable plastic. The research methodology encompassed several stages, including the preparation of sago and breadfruit starch, the synthesis of degradable plastic, and the subsequent evaluation of its characteristics. Various concentrations of ZnO and PVA catalysts (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were employed in this study. Mechanical characteristic test for degradable plastic showed that the tensile strength test for sago starch-based plastic with 40% ZnO catalyst and PVA was 2.31–3.96 MPa, while for breadfruit starch-based degradable plastic was 2.88–3.20 MPa. FTIR analysis revealed that the compound constituents of degradable plastics exhibit hydrophilic properties and readily interact with water, making them susceptible to natural degradation in soil. Furthermore, the thermal characteristics were examined using DSC, which indicated that sago starch-based degradable plastic (with ZnO 40% and PVA 40%) exhibited a thermogram peak at a temperature of 137.15°C, while the breadfruit starch-based plastic displayed a peak at 136.97°C. In terms of water absorption, the swelling index for sago starch-based plastic ranged from 18.35% to 65.26%, whereas for breadfruit starch-based plastic, it ranged from 19.91% to 64.06%. Notably, the lowest water absorption levels were observed at a ZnO concentration of 40% and a PVA concentration of 10%. The higher the PVA concentration, the more water was absorbed due to the hydrophilic nature of PVA, but the higher the ZnO concentration, the lower the water absorption. Degradation of plastics sago and breadfruit starch occurred for 20-28 days and by ASTM D-20.96 (degradable plastics should be decomposed before 180 days). The higher the concentration of ZnO catalyst added to bioplastics, the longer the degradation time, while the higher the PVA content, the faster the degradation time.

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