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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 14108917 EISSN : 25979914 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.

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Articles 690 Documents

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Bioplastic from Pectin of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel Risnita Vicky Listyarini; Puspita Ratna Susilawati; Esther Natalia Nukung; Maria Anastasia Toyo Yua
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 6 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 6 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Plastic derived from petroleum is challenging to degrade and pollute the environment. There are alternatives to making biodegradable plastics to reduce the adverse effects of plastics on the environment. This study aims to utilize dragon fruit peel waste as a material for making bioplastic. Plastic characterization was carried out by FTIR analysis to determine the functional groups contained in bioplastics. The results showed that dragon fruit peel could be extracted by HCl solution, and the pectin yield is 11%. Extracted pectin was used to make bioplastics with and without the addition of ethylene glycol. The results showed that moisture content of bioplastics of dragon fruit peel pectin is 5.71–12%, while dragon fruit peel pectin and ethylene glycol are 2.86–5.71%. FT-IR spectra showed that the bioplastics from dragon fruit peels belong to the pectin group, which produces carbonyl absorption at 1636–1628 cm-1 and stretching C-O stretch at 1098–1101 cm‑1.

Sintesis dan Karakterisasi CNT (Carbon Nanotube) Berdopan Logam Kobalt Nur Dwi Lestari; Pardoyo Pardoyo; Agus Subagio
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Volume 17 Issue 3 Year 2014
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan penelitian sintesis dan karakterisasi CNT (Carbon Nanotube) dengan doping logam kobalt. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakter CNT sebelum dan setelah didoping dengan variasi konsentrasi logam 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah impregnasi basah yang meliputi perendaman pada larutan logam dan kalsinasi. Hasil impregnasi dianalisis menggunakan Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR), GSA (Gas Sorption Analysis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Analisis FT-IR menunjukkan adanya vibrasi ulur dari ikatan Co-C dan Co-O. Hasil GSA menunjukkan bahwa CNT loading 30% mempunyai luas permukaan tertinggi yaitu 69,192 m2/g. Hasil SEM-EDS menunjukkan bahwa morfologi permukaan dinding CNT ditutupi aggregat-aggregat kobalt. Pada hasil EDS fraksi kobalt dihasilkan adalah 1,96 % yang nilainya tidak jauh berbeda dari fraksi Fe yaitu 1,49%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa CNT doping logam Co menggunakan metode impregnasi basah tidak efektif.

Kajian Kinetika Adsorpsi Mg(II) pada Silika Gel Termodifikasi Gugus Sulfonat Azmiyawati, Choiril
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 9, No 2 (2006): Volume 9 Issue 2 Year 2006
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Dalam penelitian ini telah dikaji pengaruh perlakuan silika gel dengan Î³-glisidoksipropiltrimetoksisilan (Î³-GPS) dan garam mononatrium asam 4-amino-5-hidroksi-2,7-naftalenadisulfonat (C10H8NNaO7S2) sebagai perlakuan awal, terhadap kinetika adsorpsi magnesium, Mg(II) dalam larutan. Perlakuan dikerjakan dengan mereaksikan silika gel dan Î³-GPS membentuk senyawa Si-Ep yang berfungsi sebagai senyawa perantara dalam pembuatan silika gel termodifikasi gugus sulfonat. Si-Ep selanjutnya direaksikan dengan garam sulfonat sehingga diperoleh Si-SO3H (silika sulfonat) yang berupa padatan. Padatan (adsorben) digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi Mg(II) dalam larutan dengan variasi waktu kontak. Jumlah logam yang teradsorpsi ditentukan dengan menganalisis larutan/filtrat menggunakan metoda spektroskopi serapan atom (AAS). Pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kinetika dievaluasi berdasarkan parameter kinetika, yaitu laju adsorpsi dengan model kinetika Langmuir Hinshelwood (LH). Kajian kinetika adsorpsi Mg(II) dengan model kinetika LH memberikan tetapan laju adsorpsi, k = 3 x 10-5 menit-1. Berdasarkan nilai perubahan energi bebas Gibbs adsorpsi standar (-Î”GËš= 19,3886 J/mol) menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi berlangsung melalui interaksi fisik.

Synthesis of ZnO/NiO Thin Film on Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) by Two Step Electrodeposition as Photoanode of a Solar Cell Ines Ayu Handayani; Abdul Haris; Didik Setiyo Widodo
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 3 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 3 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Synthesis of ZnO/NiO Thin Film on Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) by Two Step Electrodeposition has been conducted. The film was used as a photoanode of a solar cell. Synthesis was performed by two step electrodeposition with FTO as anode and carbon rod as cathode. NiO was firstly electrodeposited at 2.4 V from 0.2 M of NiCl2 solution at pH 11, 70°C, under stirring of 250 rpm after air bubbling. Second step, ZnO was electrodeposited at 2.6 V from precursor Zn(NO3) 0.2 M, pH 12, 70°C with air bubbling and stirring of 250 rpm. Product was then calcined at 450°C for 2 hours followed with XRD characterization. A solar cell was constructed by utilizing the ZnO/NiO film as photoanode related to aluminium plat as cathode. Data resulted showed that the efficiency in NiO deposition was 39.4% with mass of 8 mg and 16 µm in thin film size. Efficiency in ZnO deposition was 12.7% with mass of 14.7 mg and 11 µm in thin film size. XRD data informed that NiO and ZnO were thin filmed to FTO substrate with powder size of 30.31 nm and ZnO of 21.07 nm. Photovoltaic activity test with illuminating UV light 15 W onto the film resulted in that the average voltages of 240.93 mV and current density of 7.34 mA/cm2. Under tungsten light of 15 W illumination the system produced average voltages of 166.20 mV and current density of 5.48 mA/cm2. Finally, the solar cell was tested under 7 W-LED illumination that was calibrated to silicon solar cell equal to sun light of 1.5 AM (100 mW/cm2) resulted in efficiency of 0.027%.

Isolasi Bakteri Termofilik Sumber Air Panas Gedongsongo dengan Media Pengaya MB (Minimal Broth) dan TS (Taoge Sukrosa) serta Identifikasi Fenotip dan Genotip Dewi Nuritasari; Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono; Agustina L. N. Aminin
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 20, No 2 (2017): Volume 20 Issue 2 Year 2017
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Bakteri termofilik merupakan bakteri yang mampu bertahan hidup pada suhu tinggi di mana salah satu habitatnya adalah sumber air panas. Indonesia memiliki banyak sumber air panas yang potensial sebagai habitat bakteri termofilik. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi bakteri termofilik sumber air panas gedongsongo dengan menggunakan pendekatan minimal media MB (Minimal Broth) dan TS (Taoge Sukosa) serta identifikasi fenotip dengan uji mikrobiologi yang meliputi pewarnaan gram dan morfologi dan identifikasi genotip dengan menggunakan urutan nukleotida gen 16S rRNA dan konstruksi pohon filogenetik dengan menggunakan program Phylip 3.68 ed. metode Distance matrix (Neighbour joining). Identifikasi enzim ekstraseluler secara kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan media selektif yang meliputi uji selulase, uji a-amilase, uji protease dan uji P-galaktosidase. Dari penelitian diperoleh dua isolat tunggal bakteri termofilik yaitu isolat GS_MBan dan isolat GS_TSan. Isolat GS_MBan memiliki kemiripan dengan bakteri kelompok Anoxybacillus sp. sebesar 94-99%, berbentuk batang, bakteri gram positif, memiliki enzim ekstraseluler a-amilase, protease dan P-galaktosidase serta tidak menunjukkan potensi adanya enzim ekstraseluler selulase. Isolat GS_TSan memiliki kemiripan dengan bakteri kelompok Thermoanaerobacterium sp. sebesar 78-86%, berbentuk batang, bakteri gram negatif, memiliki enzim ekstraseluler a-amilase dan protease serta tidak menunjukkan potensi adanya enzim ekstraseluler P-galaktosidase dan selulase.

Decolorization of Artificial Waste Remazol Black B using Electrogenerated Reactive Spesies Didik Setiyo Widodo; Linda Suyati; Gunawan Gunawan; Abdul Haris
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 1 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Electrolysis method (electrodecolorization) coupled with ●OH radicals and chlorine generation has been performed in decolorizing of artificial waste of remazol black B (reactive black 5). The electrodecolorization as one of advanced oxidation process (AOP) shows its determinant potential in overcoming environmental problems due to dye contained waste as well as its green in desaign and efficiency. The project aim was to decolorize the RBB solution completely and effectively. The mission was completed by designing decolorizing reactor working with electrolytic system in tandem with electrogeneration of reactive species from HCl and NaCl electrolyte. Lead oxide, PbO2 was choosen as anode. The efficiency of decolorization process was comparated with those of Na2SO4 as electrolyte. Data of UV-Vis spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and COD showed that the performance of electrolysis design was significantly enhanced with the reactive species generation process. Electrolysis of 100 mL sample of 200 mgL-1 RBB with reactive species generation was rearched almost two-fold faster in decolorizing the dye solution rather than in Na2SO4 one. The design rearchs more than 99 % in decoloriziation percentages, reducing COD more than 96 % indicating the potential and effectiveness of electroremediation process.

Sintesis Zeolit A dan Kemungkinan Penggunaannya Sebagai Penukar Kation Sriatun, Sriatun
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 7, No 3 (2004): Volume 7 Issue 3 Year 2004
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan sintesis zeolit A dengan menggunakan alumunium hidroksida sebagai sumber alumina dan silikon dioksida sebagai sumber silika. Sintesis dilakukan dengan cara mereaksikan natrium silikat dan na-trium aluminat melalui proses hidrotermal dalam sistem dengan pH 11-12. Karakterisasi produk sintesis dil-akukan dengan menggunakan spektrometer infra merah (IR) dan difraktometer sinar-x (XRD). Dari hasil analisis data IR diperoleh informasi bahwa rasio Si/Al dalam zeolit hasil sintesis adalah tinggi. Uji kualitas kristal (kristalinitas) menunjukkan adanya pergeseran sudut difraksi pada puncak-puncak khas zeolit A, ini mengindikasikan bahwa penataan polihedral sangkar sodalit belum seluruhnya sempurna. Kondisi pH optimum untuk pertukaran kation Ca2 terhadap zeolit hasil sintesis adalah 6.

Penentuan Kadar Fenolik Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Enam Tanaman Hias Mohamad Rafi; Tanti Yulianti Raga Pertiwi; Syaefudin Syaefudin
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 3 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 3 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity from six Indonesian ornamental plants have been studied. Those plants are Yellow Allamanda (Allamanda cathartica L.), Bigleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.), Crystal Anthurium (Anthurium crystallinum Linden & André), Kapok Bush (Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume), Siamese Calypha (Acalypha siamensis Oliv. Ex Gage), and Wishbone Flower/Bluewings (Torenia fournieri Linden ex E. Fourn). Extraction was carried out by maceration using ethanol as the extracting solvent. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was measured using the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Based on the results obtained, Bigleaf Hydrangea has the highest yield and total phenolic content about 15.45% and 13.86 mg gallic acid/g dry powder respectively. Siamese Acalypha leaves have the highest antioxidant activity for all methods used namely DPPH, reducing power, and CUPRAC with a value of 180.45; 202,17; and 589.90 µmol trolox/g dry powder, respectively. This indicates that antioxidant activity is not only derived from phenolic compounds because Siamese Acalypha leaves which have lower total phenolic levels than Bigleaf Hydrangea leaves provide higher antioxidant capacity.

Uji Antikanker Isolat Bioaktif L-Asparaginase dari Kunyit Putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) terhadap Sel Kanker Serviks Citrawati Octavia Suprobo; Suprihati Suprihati; Wuryanti Wuryanti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 14, No 2 (2011): Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2011
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Kunyit putih (Curcuma mangga Val.) merupakan salah satu sumber L-asparaginase yang berpotensi sebagai bioaktif antikanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan nilai LC50 dan potensi antikanker enzim L-asparaginase dari kunyit putih pada kultur sel kanker serviks (Hela). Enzim L-asparaginase diisolasi dengan metode ekstraksi kemudian dimurnikan dengan fraksinasi dan dialisis. Uji aktivitas enzim L-asparaginase dilakukan dengan metode Nessler sedangkan uji kadar protein dengan metode Lowry. Aktivitas spesifik ditentukan melalui perbandingan unit aktivitas terhadap kadar protein. Fraksi enzim L-asparaginase yang memiliki aktivitas spesifik tertinggi diuji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel Hela dengan metode MTT (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazoliumbromida) dan potensi antikankernya ditentukan dengan menghitung nilai LC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enzim L-asparaginase dapat diisolasi dan dimurnikan dari kunyit putih dengan berat enzim fraksi 5 yaitu 0,0097 g dari 1000 g bahan segar. Aktivitas spesifik tertinggi terdapat pada fraksi 5 sebesar 247,925 unit/mg protein. Uji sitotoksisitas pada sel Hela menunjukkan nilai LC50 sebesar 122,462 μg/mL. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa enzim L-asparaginase fraksi 5 dari kunyit putih mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel Hela, namun kurang potensial sebagai agen antikanker berdasarkan standar NCI (National Cancer Institute).

Studi Analisis Logam Runut Nikel dan Kobalt dalam Batuan Saprolit dengan Metoda Ekstraksi dan Pengendapan Gunawan, Gunawan; Aloysius, Mudji Triatmo Melkias
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 5, No 1 (2002): Volume 5 Issue 1 Year 2002
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Logam nikel dan kobalt dalam batuan saprolit berada dalam jumlah runut. Studi analisis logam runut nikel dan kobalt dalam batuan tersebut telah dilakukan dengan metoda ekstraksi dan pengendapan. Juga dipelajari pengaruh logam besi dalam jumlah mayor terhadap analisis kedua logam tersebut. Analisis dilakukan dengan SSA. Ekstraksi Ni dan Co menggunakan DMG dengan pelarut PE memberikan hasil lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan pelarut kloroform, sedangkan metoda pengendapan dengan pengujian SSA memberikan hasil yang jauh lebih baik daripada dengan ekstraksi pelarut kloroform. Analisis Ni dengan cara gravimetri sebanyak 10,426%. Hasil tersebut lebih besar karena efek kopresipitasi. Data KD menunjukkan bahwa analisis runut Ni akan lebih baik kalau sampel saprolit tersebut diekstraksi dalam pelarut kloroform, karena besi tidak banyak terekstraksi dibandingkan dengan pelarut PE. Untuk analisis runut Co akan lebih baik kalau diekstraksi dalam pelarut PE dan yang dianalisis sisa ekstraksnya, karena kobalt sebagian besar berada pada sisa ekstraks dan jumlah besi sangat sedikit, sehingga gangguan besi dapat dihilangkan.

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