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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 3 (2022)" : 10 Documents clear
Meta-Analysis: Effects of Night Shift Work on Hypertension and Sleep Patterns in Factory Workers
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Night shift work has an impact on the health of factory workers. One of the impacts of night shift work is the risk of hypertension and disturbed sleep patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine how big the effect of night shift work on hypertension and sleep patterns in factory workers.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic study with the population: factory workers. Intervention: night shift work. Comparation: morning and afternoon shift work. Outcome: hypertension and sleep patterns. The article search process was carried out according to the PRISM Flow Diagram and searched through several indexes such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Schoolar, and Springer Link with the search keywords “Night Shift” AND “Hypertension” AND “Sleep” AND “Worker”. The articles used are articles from 2013-2022 and are written in English.Results: A total of 11 articles originating from the Asian continent (China, Indonesia, South Korea, Malaysia, and Japan) were considered suitable for meta-analysis. From the results of data analysis that has been carried out, it is known that factory workers who work night shifts have a risk of experiencing hypertension (aOR= 3.43; 95% CI= 2.48 to 4.72; p<0.001), and disturbed sleep patterns (aOR= 3.63; 95% CI= 2.66 to 4.95; p<0.001) compared with morning and afternoon shift workers and the results were statistically significant.Conclusion: Night shifts can increase the risk of hypertension and sleep disturbances in factory workers.Keywords: Night shift, hypertension, sleep pattern, factory workerCorrespondence: Amanda Kesli Ramadhani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No.36, Kentingan, Jebres, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email. amandakesly@yahoo.com. Mobile: 085692832776. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 367-379https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.09.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding COVID-19 among Undergraduate Students of A Medical College in District Anantnag, Kashmir
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The control measures implemented against COVID-19 infection are affected largely in turn by the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. The medical undergraduates being most active users of social media could have a huge impact over spread as well as control of this pandemic. So in order to evaluate their understanding of COVID-19. This study was aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practices associated with COVID-19 among the undergraduate medical students.Subjects dan Method: A cross sectional study using an online survey was conducted among the medical students of Government Medical College, District Anantnag, J&K. All the medical students enrolled in this medical college were included in the study. Universal sampling was followed and a total of 183 medical students were included in the study. Data was collected by using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire through online survey form. The dependent variables were Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding COVID-19. The independent variables were demo­graphic characteristics like age, gender, residence etc. Frequencies were obtained using descriptive statistics using appropriate statistical tool for analysis.Results: A total of 183 medical students participated in this study. All the subjects knew about corona virus and their main source of information was social media (n=131; 71.4%). About 95.6% knew about mode of transmission, and 91.2% knew about all major symptoms of corona virus infection. Most of the participants felt that COIVD-19 is a serious (n=137; 74.9%) disease and that lockdown is helping in reducing the number of cases (n=157; 85.8%). Our study also showed that 86.9% wash their hands regularly, 90.2% wear a face mask to avoid transmission, and 89.1% followed the lockdown guidelines.Conclusion: The present study showed that these medical students seem to have satisfactory knowledge, positive attitude and good practices regarding COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19, knowledge, attitude, practice, medical students, AnantnagCorrespondence: Suhail Nazir. Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. India. Email: suhailbhat669@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 322-332https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.05.
Pesticide Exposure and Its Correlation with Hemoglobin and Cholinesterase in Farmers Who Used Pesticide
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Agriculture is the most important sector in basic human needs. Farmers must improve the quality of agricultural products by using synthetic chemicals, someone who expe­riences pesticide poisoning will have low cholinesterase levels. This study aims to analyze pesticide exposure to hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers who use pesticides.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review study and meta-analysis conducted with the PRISMA diagram guidelines. The search for articles was carried out taking into account the eligibility criteria defined in the PICO model. Population= farmers using pesticides, Inter­vention= exposed to pesticides, Comparison= not exposed to pesticides, Outcome= hemoglobin and cholin­esterase levels. The article search process was carried out between 2002-2022 from the Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Link, Hindawi, and Plose one databases. The keywords used were “hemoglobin”, “exposed pesticide”, “cholinesterase level”, “farmers”, “hemo­globin AND exposed pesticide”, “cholinesterase level AND farmers”, “hemoglobin AND farmers”. The inclusion criteria in this study were the full text of a cross-sectional study, discussing pesticide exposure to hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides, published in English. Final results are presented in the mean SD of the multivariate analysis. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: A meta-analysis was conducted on 13 articles originating from America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. The results of the meta-analysis showed that farmers exposed to pesticides experienced a decrease in hemoglobin, but it was not statistically significant (SMD= -0.28; 95% CI= -1.10 to 0.54; p=0.500). Pesticide exposure reduced cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides, the results were statistically significant (SMD= -2.48; 95% CI= -3.68 to -1.27; p<0.001).Conclusion: The results of the meta-analysis showed that pesticide exposure decreased hemoglobin and cholinesterase levels in farmers using pesticides.Keywords: hemoglobin, cholinesterase levels, farmersCorrespondence: Arum Nuryati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: arumnuryati@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: +6285728792097.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 380-396https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.10.
The Benefits of Acupuncture Combined with a Low Purine Diet to Improve Uric Acid and Total Cholesterol in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hyperuricemia
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Backround: Diabetes mellitus with hyperuricemia causes the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial joint tissue. The incidence of gout in Indonesia according to the Indonesian Rheumatology Association, namely: gout 1-2 percent of adults, is the most cases of arthritis in men and is estimated to be between 13.6 per 1,000 men and 6.4 per 1,000 women. The prevalence of gout increased with age, an average of 7 percent of men >75 years and 3 percent of women >85 years.Subjects dan Method: Quasi Experimental with pre and post test designs. The research time is between March to September 2021 at the Posyandu for the elderly in Surakarta City. The population of this study were all objects with fasting blood sugar levels between 100 mg/dl - 125 mg/dl and above 126 mg/dl, female blood uric acid levels exceeding 5.6 mg/dl in men and exceeding 6.5 in the city. Surakarta, sample selection using purposive sampling, sample size 40 subjects. The dependent variable is uric acid, cholesterol and total blood levels, the independent variable is combination acupuncture therapy with a low purine diet. The research instrument used a checklist for blood analysis and physical examination. Data analysis using t test.Results: Uric acid levels after acupuncture therapy in the intervention group were lower (Mean= 3.31; SD= 0.61) than the control group (Mean= 5.83; SD= 1.29), and not statistically significant (p= 0.935). Total cholesterol level after acupuncture therapy in the intervention group was lower (Mean= 166.00; SD= 34.20) than the control group (Mean= 222.30; SD= 55.43), but it was statistically non-significant (p= 0.676).Conclusion: Acupuncture therapy can reduce uric acid levels and total cholesterol levels.Keywords: Acupuncture, low purine diet, uric acid level, cholesterol levelCorrespondence: Sumanto. College Leading Basic Research, Acupuncture Course, Health Polyetchnics, Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: sumantoiman­@gmail.com. Mobile phone: 08121608067.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 288-295https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.01.
Effect of ACE Inhibitor Therapy on Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Hypertension: Meta-Analysis
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can trigger the occurrence of respiratory infectious disease Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients who have comorbid health problems such as hypertension, chronic liver, cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience deterioration and death. ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with hypertension has a therapeutic effect in lowering blood pressure and is able to reduce mortality rates in COVID-19 patients, but the benefits of ACE inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 are still uncertain. This study aims to determine how much influence ACE inhibitors have on COVID-19 patients with hypertension on mortality rates.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Intervention: administration of ACE inhibitor therapy. Comparison: therapy other than ACE inhibitors. Outcome: mortality. The articles used in this study were obtained from several online databases, including Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the article search were: “ACE inhibitor” AND “COVID-19” AND “Hypertension” AND “mortality”. The articles included are full-text English with a cohort study design from 2020 to 2021 and report the odds ratio in multivariate analysis. The selection of articles was carried out using the PRISMA flow chart. The articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.4. application.Results: A total of 4 cohort studies involving 4,998 COVID-19 patients from America, China and Italy were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected yielded information that COVID-19 patients with hypertension who were given ACE inhibitors reduced the risk of mortality 0.67 times compared to COVID-19 patients with hypertension who were not treated with ACE inhibitors (aOR= 0.67; 95% CI= 0.36 to 1.26; p= 0.210).Conclusion: ACE inhibitors can reduce the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients with hypertension.Keywords: COVID-19, hypertension, ACE inhibitors, mortality.Correspondence: Dwi Trisnawati Zainal. Social Security Administrator for Health, Madiun, East Java. Jl. Timor 6 Madiun, East Java, Indonesia. Email: dwitrisnawatiz@gmail.com. Mobile: 081331282009.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 333-343https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.06.
Meta-Analysis the Impact of Social Restriction during COVID-19 Pandemic on Blood Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown has an impact on the daily lives of people with type 1 diabetes, including restrictions on physical activity, changes in diet, difficulty contacting health care providers and concerns about drug supplies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on blood sugar control in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis study using PRISMA flowchart guide­lines. The PICO model used is Population= type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. Intervention = COVID-19 lockdown. Comparison = before the COVID-19 lockdown. Outcome = HbA1c. The article search process was carried out between 2019 and 2022 using online databases from PubMed, Springer Link and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the article search were “Quarantine” OR “Quarantines” OR “Stay at Home Orders” OR “Health Lockdowns” OR “Self-Quarantine” OR “Self-Quarantine” AND “Diabetes Mellitus” OR “Diabetes Insipidus” OR “Diabetic” OR “Glucose Intole­rance” AND “Glycemic Control” OR “Blood Glucose Control”. The inclusion criteria used in this study were full paper articles with cohort studies, using English or Indonesian, the intervention given was COVID-19 lockdown, and the outcome was blood glucose level (HbA1C) in diabetes mellitus patients.The analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results: A total of 11 articles reviewed in the meta-analysis showed that the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown decreased HbA1c levels by 0.23 compared to before the COVID-19 lockdown in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and was statistically significant (SMD= -0.23; 95% CI -0.29 to -0.18; p<0.001).Conclusion: COVID-19 lockdown reduces HbA1c levels compared to before COVID-19 lockdown in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.Keywords: COVID-19 lockdown, type 1 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c.Correspondence: Yeocelin Mega Pratiwi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: yeocelinmega@gmail.com. Mobile: 082137652605.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 397-409https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.11. 
The Association of Epidemiological and Clinical Parameters with Diabetes and Hypertension in a Rural Area: A Mahbubnagar District Study
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Rapid development in a country like India has also brought an explosion in the prevalence of non-communicable disease. Affluence to western culture can be one of the reason. This might have encroached the rural India. A cross‑sectional survey was done to assess the socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory factors diabetes and hypertension among the study population.Subjects dan Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A sample of 244 diabetes and hypertensive patients registered under the subcentre were taken as study subjects. Sociodemo­graphic factor, clinical parameters and Laboratory parameters were taken independent variables. The dependent variables were diabetes and hypertension. Data analysis was done with help of SPSS version 26 software. Standard instru­ments were used to measure, weight, height, and waist circumference (WC), blood pressure. The random blood sugar, HbA1C and lipid profile values were taken from laboratory reports. The other variables were collected by questionnaire.Results: A total of 244 participants reported and responded to this study who were having diabetes, hypertension or both. About 35% of the population belonged to lower SEC. Amongst males almost 50% of the male had dual co-morbidity i.e Diabetes and Hypertension. About 85% of the population was Illiterate (p<0.05). Mean value of HbA1C was high among the diabetic patient who were under treatment (Mean= 7.10; SD=1.20). Lipid profile value were in normal range but higher compared to stats of other selected states.Conclusion: Study subjects even on treatment were unable to keep the laboratory parameters under control hence requiring indepth research.Keywords: Diabetes, hypertension, risk factors, Mahbubnagar District.Correspondence: Munnaji Vyankatesh Mavatkar. Assistant Professor Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College Mahbubnagar. Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College Mahbubnagar Yedira 509001. Email: Kiranmavatkar0647@gmail.com. Mobile phone: 8999712782.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 296-303https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.02. 
Workplace Noise Pollution and It's Correlation with Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Noise is identified as one of the most widespread physical factors in occupational health and safety (OHS) and is a problem in all regions of the world. Noise can be pathogenic if there is continuous and repeated exposure causing a persistent upregulation of vascular autoregulation resulting in hypertension. Epidemiological studies report an association between occupational noise exposure and hypertension. This study aims to determine the effect of noise exposure in the workplace on hypertension.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, Population= workers, Intervention= occupational noise exposure ≥85 dBA, Comparison= occupational noise exposure <85 dBA, Outcome= hypertension. The meta-analysis was carried out using search articles from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, published from 2012 to 2022. The keywords used in the article search were “Occupational Noise Exposure” OR “Occupational Noise” AND “Hypertension” OR "High Blood Pressure" OR "Primary Hypertension" AND "Workers" AND "Cross-Sectional Study". The included studies were full-text articles published in English, reporting the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of the results of the multivariate analysis, and the study design was cross-sectional. The selection of articles was carried out using PRISMA flow-charts and analyzed using the Revie Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 10 cross-sectional studies were analyzed involving 12,437 workers covering Iran, Jordan, China, Indonesia, Tunisia, and Brazil. The results of the meta-analysis showed that workers exposed to noise 85 dBA had higher hypertension than workers exposed to noise <85 dBA (aOR= 1.96; 95% CI= 1.68 to 2.29; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Exposure to occupational noise ≥ 85 dBA increases hypertension compared to exposure to occupational noise <85 dBA.Keywords: occupational noise, noise exposure, hypertension, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Muna Maimunah Salsabila. Masters’ Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: munamaimunahs@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285728565926.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 344-354https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.07.
Meta-Analysis: Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Breast Cancer
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth in the breast. Until now, breast cancer is a life-threatening disease in women and is the main cause of death among the female population. Oral contraceptives or pills are one of the risk factors for women developing breast cancer. This study aims to determine the effect of oral contraceptives on the incidence of breast cancer.Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analytical study and a systematic review. The articles used were obtained from several electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: Determinant OR risk factor AND breast cancer AND hormonal contraceptive OR oral contraceptive AND case control study. The article under study is a full text article with an observational study design. Articles were collected using the PRISMA diagram, and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 9 case control studies involving 6,811 women with breast cancer from several countries in Asia, Africa, and North America were selected for meta-analysis and systematic review. The data collected showed that women who used oral contraceptives had a risk of developing breast cancer as much as 1.82 times than those who did not use oral contraceptives (aOR= 1.82; 95% CI= 1.43 to 2.33; p<0.001).Conclusion: Use of oral contraceptives increases the risk of developing breast cancer.Keywords: oral contraceptives, breast cancer.Correspondence: Siti Nur Hanifah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: sitinurhanifah21@yahoo.com. Mobile: 085204219736.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 410-418https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.12.
The Effect of Acupuncture Therapy on Blood Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Blood Pressure Disorders and Coughs in Elderly Health Post, Surakarta
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: One way to detect functional disorders of respiration, heart, blood vessels and muscle oxidative mechanisms is to check blood gas saturation using a pulse oximeter, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Acupuncture is one of the managements of health problems at the promotive level, preventing functional disorders of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and oxidative muscle rehabilitative which is used to improve health status, especially those who experience changes in blood gas saturation due to chronic cough, hypertension, hypotension, and muscle fatigue. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of acupuncture therapy on peripheral blood oxygen saturation (peripheral SpO2) in patients with a history of respiratory system disorders and blood pressure disorders, especially old age at the Surakarta Health Post.Subjects dan Method: The form of the research was pre-experimental (quasy experimental), using two groups of pre-test and post-test purposive samples totaling 20 people. Dependent variable Oxygen saturation. The independent variable was acupuncture therapy. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon's test.Results: Peripheral blood oxygen saturation values were higher in the intervention group before the intervention (Mean= 83.00; SD= 11.59) than after the intervention (Mean= 82.00; SD= 7.53) and not statistically significant (p= 0.294).Conclusion: Acupuncture therapy reduces blood gas saturation values in patients with blood pressure and cough disorders.Keywords: acupuncture therapy, peripheral blood gas saturation, pulse oximeter, history of cough, blood pressure disorders.Correspondence: Listina Ade Widya Ningtyas. Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: ade.widya23@gmail.com. Mobile: 085647300048.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2022), 07(03): 304-310https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.03.

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