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AMERTA
Published by Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Other
AMERTA Journal of Archeology Research and Development publish and issued by Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional (the National Research Centre of Archaeology) - Agency of Research and Development - Ministry of Education and Culture Republic of Indonesia, publish since 1985. AMERTA is an open access journal without any charge during article processing. AMERTA presents original articles about knowledge and information of the results of the latest research and development in the archeology and related sciences, such as chemistry, biology, geology, paleontology, and anthropology, etc.
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MIGRASI AUSTRONESIA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BUDAYA DI KEPULAUAN INDONESIA Noerwidi, Sofwan
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2085.072 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.374

Abstract

Abstrak. Pada saat masyarakat penutur bahasa Austronesia datang di Kepulauan Indonesia, kawasanini bukanlah suatu daerah kosong tidak berpenghuni. Beberapa pulau di Kepulauan Indonesia telahdihuni oleh populasi lain. Akibat adanya kontak antar-komunitas tersebut mengakibatkan prosesadaptasi, inovasi, dan interaksi budaya yang khas sebagaimana tercermin pada perkembanganteknologi alat kerang, teknologi pelayaran dan domestikasi hewan yang dikuasai masyarakat penuturbahasa Austronesia. Tahapan proses migrasi masyarakat penutur bahasa Austronesia di KepulauanIndonesia dapat dirangkum sebagai berikut: terjadi intrusi budaya baru di Kepulauan Indonesia yangdibawa oleh Austronesia. Akibat dari peristiwa tersebut, terjadi perkembangan budaya Neolitik diKepulauan Indonesia, disebabkan oleh adaptasi, evolusi dan interaksi antara masyarakat pendatangAustronesia dengan komunitas Non-Austronesia yang telah menghuni kawasan ini sejak masasebelumnya. Interaksi antar-budaya yang intensif menyebabkan integrasi budaya Austronesia danNon-Austronesia di Kepulauan Indonesia. Abstract. Austronesian Migration and Its Implication on Cultural Development in IndonesianArchipelago. When Austronesian language speakers came to Indonesian Archipelago, this regionis not an empty place but had already inhabited by other population. The unique processes ofadaptation, innovation, and culture interaction of Austronesian people in this new region arereflected on the development of shell tool technology, navigation technology, plant cultivation andanimal domestication. In summary, the stages of Austronesian migration in Indonesian Archipelagoare as follows: Intrusion of a new culture that was brought to the Indonesian Archipelago by theAustronesian people, which caused innovation of Neolithic culture in Indonesian Archipelago due tocultural adaptation, evolution, and interaction between the Austronesian speakers (the newcomers)with the indigenous Non-Austronesian communities. Intensive inter-cultural interactions havecreated a cultural integration between the Austronesians and Non-Austronesians in the IndonesianArchipelago.
Cover Amerta Volume 32, Nomor 1, Tahun 2014 Puslit Arkenas, Redaksi
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1628.281 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.370

Abstract

EARLY TRACES HINDU-BUDDHIST INFLUENCE ALONG THE NORTH COAST OF CENTRAL JAVA: ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE DISTRICT OF BATANG Indradjaja, Agustijanto; Degroot, Véronique
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2870.289 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.375

Abstract

Abstrak. Jejak awal Pengaruh Hindu-Buddha di Sepanjang Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah: Survei Arkeologi di Kota Batang. Penelitian arkeologi di pantai utara Jawa Tengah mengenai kehidupanmasa Hindu-Buddha hampir selalu dipusatkan pada wilayah antara Kedu-Yogyakarta, yang dikuasaioleh Kerajaan Matāram pada sekitar abad ke-8–9 Masehi. Penelitian yang berupaya mempelajaridan merekonstruksi kondisi sosial masyarakat di daerah pesisir masa pra-Matāram selama ini belumpernah dilakukan. Karya tulis ini berusaha melakukan eksplorasi pada masa pra-Matāram di JawaTengah, khususnya di Kabupaten Batang yang diduga sebagai salah satu daerah yang penting padaawal periode sebelum munculnya Kerajaan Matāram di pedalaman Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan datadilakukan melalui survei, selanjutnya data arkeologi yang relevan dilakukan analisis deksriptif untukmenjawab pertanyaan di dalam penelitian. Hasil survei berhasil mengidentifikasikan sejumlah temuanpenting seperti arca, candi dan prasasti mulai dari wilayah pesisir sampai pedalamanan KabupatenBatang. Berdasarkan identifikasi sejumlah temuan arkeologi tersebut tampak bahwa wilayah Batangsudah mendapat pengaruh Hindu-Buddha jauh sebelum munculnya Kerajaan Matāram kuna sekitarabad ke-8 M. Abstract In Coastal Central Java, archaeological research dealing with the Hindu-Buddhist periodis almost always focused on the coastal area between Kedu and Yogyakarta, which was controlledby the Matāram Kingdom around the 8-9th Century AD. Research that attempts to investigate andreconstruct the social conditions of coastal communities during the pre-Matāram period has yetto be undertaken. This paper is such an attempt. It explores Hindu-Buddhist remains in the BatangDistrict, a district which, we believe, was an important entry point for Hindu-Buddhist traditionsprior to the emergence of the Matāram Kingdom in the hinterland of Central Java. Data collectedthrough the survey, further archaeological data relevant will be conducted descriptive analysis toanswer questions in the study. The survey results have identified a number of important findingssuch as statues, temples and inscriptions ranging from coastal areas to inland Batang. Based onthe identification of a number of archaeological findings it apparent that the area in Batang alreadyappear influence of Hindu-Buddhist long before the emergence of the ancient Matāram Kingdomaround the 8th Century AD.  
KONFLIK HORISONTAL WARISAN BUDAYA, MEGALITIK SITUS GUNUNG PADANG Sulistyanto, Bambang
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1804.22 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.384

Abstract

Abstrak. Konflik warisan budaya Situs Gunung Padang merupakan isu baru yang muncul pada 2012, akibat perbedaan dalam memaknai warisan budaya. Bagi kalangan arkeologi, Gunung Padang hanyalah situs megalitik “biasa” yang dikenal dengan istilah punden berundak. Tetapi bagi Tim Terpadu Riset Mandiri, Situs Gunung Padang adalah piramida dan diduga berusia jauh lebih tua dari Piramida Mesir. Konflik horisontal Gunung Padang adalah konflik perbedaan paradigma arkeologi yang berdampak pada perbedaan pandangan dalam menafsirkan keberadaan tinggalan budaya.Konflik tersebut, merupakan konflik murni yang terbatas pada ranah kepentingan Ilmu Pengetahuan tanpa ada intervensi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk faktor politis. Disisi lain arkeologi sudah lama menjadi ajang pergulatan pemikiran para ahli. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah karena kajian pokok arkeologi bersifat post-facto yang terjadi tidak sekarang, tetapi ratusan bahkan ribuan atau jutaan tahun silam. Pada sisi lain, namanya pengetahuan itu sebenarnya bersifat relatif dan subyektif,karena telah dipengaruhi oleh berbagai kepentingan. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan yang benar atau realitas masa lampau itu tidak ada, yang ada hanyalah pengetahuan masa lampau versi masyarakat masa kini. Perdebatan dalam ranah ilmu pengetahuan merupakan hal yang biasa. Jika konflik Gunung Padang dapat diselesaikan dengan benar, justru akan memberikan manfaat, salah satunya mendorong ke arah perubahan yang lebih baik. Abstract. Horizontal Conflict Regarding A Cultural Heritage: The Megalithic Site of GunungPadang. Conflict about a cultural heritage, Gunung Padang Site, is a new issue that surfaced in 2012 due to different views in interpreting a cultural heritage. To archaeologists, Gunung Padangis a “typical” megalithic site, which is known as terraced structure. However, to Tim Terpadu Riset Mandiri (Integrated Team of Independent Research), it was a pyramid much older than the ones in Egypt. The horizontal conflict about Gunung Padang is a conflict caused by different archaeological paradigms, which impacted on different views in interpreting the existence of cultural remains. It is apurely conflict, which scope is limited to the domain of Academic purposes with no interventions from various factors, including political factor. Archaeology has long been an arena of debates by experts. One of the reasons is because the main study of archaeology is post-facto – does not happen in recent time, but hundreds and even thousands and millions of years ago. On the other hand, knowledge/science is relative and subjective in nature because it is influenced by various interests. Therefore there is no true knowledge/science or reality of the past. What exists is knowledge about the past according to present-day people. Debates in knowledge/science domain are natural. In fact, if the conflict about Gunung Padang can be resolved in the right way, it will be a benefit, among others it will lead to a change for the better.
Preface Amerta Volume 32, Nomor 1, Tahun 2014 Puslit Arkenas, Redaksi
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (273.175 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.371

Abstract

JEJAK VOC-KOLONIAL BELANDA DI PULAU BURU (ABAD 17-20 M) Mansyur, Syahruddin
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4774.728 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.376

Abstract

Abstrak. Salah satu wilayah yang mendapat pengaruh kolonial di Kepulauan Maluku adalah PulauBuru, ditandai dengan pendirian sebuah benteng pertahanan sebagai salah satu pos pengawasan jalurperdagangan. Manifestasi jejak pengaruh kolonial ini merupakan indikasi awal peran wilayah PulauBuru dalam konteks historiografi masa kolonial. Dalam konteks ini pula, diperoleh gambaran tentangkronologi dan pola okupasi masa kolonial di Pulau Buru. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini difokuskanpada data arkeologi dan data sejarah, sehingga metode analisis deskriptif dan metode analogi sejarahdigunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuktinggalan arkeologi yang masih dapat diamati di wilayah penelitian berupa: benteng, bekas bangunangereja, meriam, rumah pejabat Belanda, kantor pemerintahan, bekas dermaga, mata uang Belanda, dantempayan. Berdasarkan hal itu, dapat diketahui bahwa peran Pulau Buru pada awal okupasi kolonialberkaitan dengan kebijakan monopoli cengkih di Kepulauan Maluku. Demikian pula tentang polaokupasi kolonial, dimana pada periode penguasaan kolonial di Pulau Buru mengalami perkembangandari Kayeli sebagai pusat pemerintahan awal. Akhirnya pada awal abad ke-20, karena pertimbanganlingkungan maka pemerintah Belanda memindahkan pusat pemerintahan ke lokasi yang memilikikondisi lingkungan yang lebih baik, yaitu Namlea. Rentang kronologi di kota baru inipun berlangsungsangat singkat yaitu sekitar 40 tahun. Abstract. Traces of The Dutch Colonial (VOC) on The Buru Island (17-20 Centuries). One of the areas that gets the colonial influence on Buru Island Maluku Islands are characterized bythe establishment of a fortress as one of observation post on the trade route in Maluku Islands.Manifestations of traces of colonial occupation pattern is an early indication of the role of the islandof Buru in the context of colonial historiography. In this context, it is important to trace the materialculture of the colonial period to determine the role of this region in order to obtain an overviewof the chronology and pattern of colonial occupation on the island of Buru. Therefore, this studyfocused on archaeological data and historical data, so that the descriptive analytical method and ofhistorical analogies methods are used to answer the research problem. The results showed that theshape of archaeological remains which can still be observed in the study area: the fort, the formerchurch building, the cannon, the house of Dutch officials, government offices, the former dock, theDutch currency, and jars. Based on that, it can be seen that the role of Buru Island in the earlycolonial occupation was related to the clove monopoly policy in the Maluku Islands. Similarly, on thepattern of colonial occupation, which in the period of colonial rule on the island of Buru have evolvedfrom early Kayeli as the central government. Finally, in the early 20th Century, due to environmentalconsiderations the Dutch government moved the seat of government to a location that has a betterenvironmental conditions, that is Namlea. The range of chronology in the new city is also very short,which is about 40 years.
Appendix Amerta Volume 32, Nomor 1, Tahun 2014 Puslit Arkenas, Redaksi
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1335.215 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.372

Abstract

The Settlement Pattern of Rubber Plantation Areas from the Dutch-Indie’s Period in Bogor. Hari Inagurasi, Libra
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3483.654 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.377

Abstract

Abstrak. Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pemikiran, bahwa Bogor merupakan sebuah daerah yang kaya akan potensi perkebunan masa Hindia Belanda. Meskipun demikian belum ada tulisanyang membahas seperti apa dan bagaimanakah pemukiman di kawasan perkebunan karet masa Hindia Belanda di Bogor. Dilatarbelakangi oleh pemikiran tersebut maka tulisan ini bertujuan menampilkan kembali gambaran pola pemukiman di kawasan perkebunan karet melalui jejak-jejak yang ditinggalkan. Tulisan ini disusun melalui tahap penelusuran literatur, survei arkeologi danlingkungan di lokasi penelitian, analisis, sintesa antara data arkeologi dan data sejarah. Gambaran pola pemukiman di kawasan perkebunan karet di Bogor dapat dibuktikan secara fisik melalui tinggalan-tinggalan arkeologi. Bangunan-bangunan yang berfungsi sebagai rumah tempat tinggal pemilik kebun,bangunan kantor perkebunan, pengolahan getah karet, dan mausoleum, serta artefak genteng lamadan botol Eropa merupakan petunjuk keberadaan pemukiman di perkebunan karet Hindia Belanda diBogor. Pola pemukiman perkebunan tersusun atas bangunan tempat tinggal pemilik kebun misalnya landhuis atau kantor perkebunan yang dikelilingi oleh tempat tinggal pegawai dan pekerjanya, tempat pengolahan karet. Adapun mausoleum ditempatkan berjauhan dari pusat pemukiman. Abstract. The Settlement Pattern of Rubber Plantation Areas from the Dutch-Indie’s Period in Bogor.This article is based on a notion that Bogor is an area rich in potency of plantations during the Dutch-Indie’s Period. However, there has not been an article that discusses what were the settlements in the rubber plantations in Bogor during the Dutch-Indie’s period like and how were life there at that time. Based on such thought, this article will reconstruct the settlement patterns in the rubber plantations through their remains, by conducting literature study, archaeological and environmental surveys in the research area, analyses, and synthesis between archaeological and historical data. The depiction of the settlement patterns in rubber plantations in Bogor can be physically proven through their archaeological remains. Buildings that were functioned as residences of plantation owners, administration building (plantation office), rubber-latex processing building, and mausoleum, as well as artefacts in forms of old roof tiles and European bottles are indications of the presence of settlements in Dutch Indie’s rubber plantations in Bogor. The settlement pattern consists of residence of plantation owner, known as landhuis, plantation office surrounded by residences of plantation workers, and rubber-latex processing building. Mausoleum is located far from the centre of settlement.
Back Cover Amerta Volume 32, Nomor 1, Tahun 2014 Puslit Arkenas, Redaksi
AMERTA Vol 32, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2167.358 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/amt.v32i1.373

Abstract

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