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Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology ( JAAB)
Published by Future Science
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27235106     DOI : https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology (J. Agric. Appl. Biol.) is striving to disseminate recent techniques and applications in agriculture and applied biology for researchers, students, and scholars in research institutes and universities worldwide. Journal focuses on crops, from seed to quality, growing under the tropical zones The journal publishes articles that report recent findings in the following areas: Seed Science and Technology Agronomy & Horticulture Agrotechnology Ecophysiology Crop Protection Soil Fertility & Organic Farming Land Use & Land Evaluation Sustainable Agriculture. Plant-Microbe Interactions Plant Biology Plant Biotechnology Agrobiodiversity Agroforestry Biosciences Biopharmaca Agroindustry Agricultural Engineering Postharvest Physiology & Technology Product Quality
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 64 Documents
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Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Extract Isolated from Clove Leaf (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Sogandi Sogandi; Widya Triandriani; Dina Saputri; Usep Suhendar
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (344.084 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.01.02

Abstract

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) is one type of spice plant that has high antioxidant content because of the high eugenol compounds. However, iso-lating these bioactive compounds require a significant amount of biomass. A known alternative solution to overcome the problems is through the utiliza-tion of endophytic bacteria in clove leaves. Endophytic cloves leaf bacteria can be a good antioxidant resource. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that grow in plant tissues that is not pathogenic, which can replace these plants. The aim of this study is isolating endophytic bacterial from clove leaves, screening endophytic bacteria, determining potential endophytic bacteria as producer antioxidant compounds, and identifying potential isolate using 16S rRNA. This study used endophytic bacteria isolated from clove leaves (Syzygium aromaticum L.). Antioxidant activity determined using DPPH method. It was founded 7 isolates of endophytic bacteria namely WDY1, WDY2, WDY3, WDY4, WDY5, WDY6, and WDY7. The isolate WDY6 shows the highest antioxidant activity. WDY6 isolate is identical to Staphylococcus sp. with a 100% similarity. Staphylococcus sp. has the highest antioxidant activ-ity in the stationary phase. The content of chemical compounds from WDY6 isolates is pyrazine that belongs to alkaloids.
The Potency of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaf Extract as Biofungicide for Controlling Fusarium Rot on Chili Dina Dyah Saputri; Annisa Wulan Agus Utami
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.155 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.01.01

Abstract

Fusarium sp. has been recognized as a pathogenic agent causing fruit rot in chili. The disease significantly decreases the annual chili production rate. One of the plants potentially utilized as biofungicide to control Fusarium fruit rot disease in chili is purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Purple sweet po-tato contains secondary metabolites, mainly the active compounds in the form of flavonoids, which has been previously revealed to perform antifungal activity. This study aimed to examine the potential of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaf extract as biofungicide to inhibit the growth of chili rot disease caused by Fusarium sp. within vitro and in vivo assay. This work was conducted by testing the ethanol-extracted purple sweet potato leaves extracts against Fusarium sp. with various concentrations, i.e., 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% (w/v) for in vitro assay. Then antifungal test against Fusarium sp. was conducted using preventive and curative test for in vivo assay. Observa-tions were performed for 7 days. The result of in vitro assay showed inhibi-tory ability of the leaves extract against the growth of Fusarium sp. to range between 35.2-76.6% with potential concentration 40% (w/v). Based on the results of in vivo assay, the preventive test using 40% concentration of purple sweet potato leaves extract showed significant different against negative con-trol through Duncan test (α = 0.05). Purple sweet potato leaves extract with 40% concentration can reduce the intensity of Fusarium fruit rot disease and potentially utilized as biofungicide.
Regrowth of Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) with the Bio-pore Infiltration Hole in the Tropical Riparian Moonson Region Gusti Rusmayadi; Rahmi Zulhidiani; Bahrani
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (403.026 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.01.03

Abstract

Technology water and rainfall in doing to reduce soil water deficit in the soil. The technology is bio-pore that formed living things, such as soil fau-na and crop roots. This study uses a single factor randomized block design environment (RBD). The factor studied was the Bio-pore Infiltration Hole (BIH), which is filled with organic matter. The treatment was repeated 4 times, so that 20 experimental units were obtained. The treat-ments consisted of A (without BIH) as a control, B (BIH + Dry leaves), C (BIH + cow dung), D (BIH + chicken manure), and E (LR B + cow manure). Napier grass cropped with a spacing of 50 x 50 cm2 that was observed for variables of crop height, wet weight and dry weight of crops per bun-dle. The ground water content is measured with soil boring, and rainfall is measured with an ombro-meter. The study was conducted in the Experi-mental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sei Riam Village, Pelaihari Sub-district, Tanah Laut Regency, with a time of 2 months from November to December 2019. Rainfall in November and December was 127.85 mm and 637.8 mm with uneven distribution. The ground water content in treatments BIH + cow dung, BIH + cow dung, BIH + chicken manure, and BIH + cow manure is different from without BIH because it is without or-ganic matter so that its ability to retain water is small and its content is also less. Growth of crop height variable between 187.16 to 191.85 cm, wet weight in the range of 12.1 kg / m2 - a 14.9 kg / m2, and the dry weight in the range of 3.9 kg / m2 - 4.6 kg / m2, so treatments B, C, D, and E gave the best response compared to A which generates crop height about 172.78 cm, 7.3 kg / m2 wet weight and 2.4 kg / m2 dry weight.
Determination of Equilibrium Moisture Content in Trade Distribution David Septian Sumanto Marpaung; Anggia Indryani; Ayu Oshin Yap Sinaga
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (435.138 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.01.04

Abstract

Maize is one of essential crop in Indonesia. Maize trade distribution showed economic condition in society. If the distribution trade was poor, the quality and quantity of product will be low, consequences to uncontrolled condition in society. Every actor in distribution trade play important role. Farmer for instance, if the farmer produces low quality of maize grain, will resulted unacceptable product in factory. The acceptance of maize in feed factory is determined by several factor, such as moisture content, microorganism contamination, and presence of pest. To know the best recommendation treatment to prevent rejected product in feed factory, it is important to de-termine the moisture content in trade distribution, because the higher mois-ture content would increases the possibility of microorganism contamina-tion. Besides, the best condition storage is also critical for keeping the quali-ty of maize grain. Therefore, determination of equilibrium moisture content (EMC) will help the policies maker to consider environment condition for their storage. In this study, the maize EMC was determined using Hender-son’s equation. The results showed that the highest EMC was found in the maize after threshing (23.49±0.58%). The postharvest treatment, such as drying and sortation is very important apply in such point
Development of Climate Requirements for Compatibility of Land Cocoa in Polewali Mandar District Harli A. Karim; Laode Asrul; Baja S.; R. Padjung; R. Neswati
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1621.433 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.01.05

Abstract

Cocoa as leading plantation commodities which is quite essential for the national economy that decreasing productivity from 2012 to 2018. The low productivity of cocoa is caused by the fact that cocoa plants that are planted do not meet the optimum growth requirements. Land quality as an optimal growth factor varies greatly in land and time quality, so it requires an in-depth study, one of which is the parametric approach. This approach ana-lyzes the land requirements climate for the suitability of specific cocoa plan-tations in particular regions, so this study aims to determine the characte-ristics of the land that correlate with cocoa productivity in a specific region. The study was conducted from July to December 2019. Also, this study aims to establish a land index through a deductive parametric approach in the Polewali Mandar district as a sample of research locations. The Research purpose of this study was to determine the land characteristics climate) in Polewali Mandar District. This study used a qualitative-quantitative mix analysis. Quantitative analysis is used in determining the correlation be-tween land characteristics climate and cacao production in each sub-district. Determination of land characteristics climate that has a significant effect using regression analysis Primary data were obtained from direct observation, while secondary data were obtained from related institutions. Besides, the determination of the profile location based on production data and cocoa crop distribution through satellite imagery. Qualitative and quan-titative analysis using regression data analysis was used. The results showed that the climate and soil conditions of the Polewali Mandar District were very suitable for the level of land suitability. All parameters tested in this study illustrate that land characteristics climate in the Polewali Mandar District is very suitable for the optimum growth requirements of cocoa plants.
In vitro assessment of protease production and stress tolerance of mutant isolates of Trichoderma sp. Cigdem Kucuk; Tulay Gezer
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.663 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.07

Abstract

Soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi cause serious losses in agricultural products. The antagonistic fungi for the control of plant diseases have increased efficiency and use of space has emerged as an alternative to other methods for the protection of agricultural products. One of the fungi used for this purpose is Trichoderma species. In this study mu-tant isolates of Trichoderma spp. were used. The resistance and pro-tease enzyme activities of mutant isolates against abiotic factors such as temperature, drought and salinity were investigated. Mutant iso-lates of Trichoderma sp. were showed differed in tolerance to differ-ent abiotic stress factors. Protease enzyme activity produced by iso-lates was influenced by the tested abiotic factors. In the medium con-taining 30% PEG, the highest protease activity was determined in Tm13 isolate. Indigenous Trichoderma strains produced proteases in high temperature, drought and saline conditions. This indicates that isolates may be promising candidates in agricultural production.
Growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by date of sowing and hybrids Shankarappa Sridhara; Dadapeer Belaghatta Hassan Sab; Pradeep Gopakkali
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (336.699 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.01

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at college of Agriculture, UAHS, Shivamogga during kharif 2015 to study the effect of date of sowing and hybrids on growth and yield of Maize (Zea mays L.). The experi-ment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial concept and replicated thrice. There were eight treatment combinations which includes four dates of sowing (15th June, 30th June, 15th July and 30th July) and two hybrids (PAC-740 and CP-818). Crop sown on 15th June recorded significantly higher plant height (201.03 cm), number of green leaves (3.03), leaf area (992.49 cm2), LAI (0.74), total dry matter (305.65 g), cob length (22.16 cm), kernels cob-1 (670.93), kernel yield cob-1 (230.95 g), test weight (43.08 g), kernel yield (7632.57 kg ha-1), stover yield (9512.56 kg ha-1) and har-vest index (44.52 %) as compared to other sowing dates. Among the hybrids CP -818 recorded significantly higher plant height (191.85 cm), number of green leaves (2.72), leaf area (954.32 cm2), LAI (0.71), total dry matter (277.65 g), cob length (19.81 cm), kernels cob-1 (541.88), kernel yield cob-1 (207.71 g), test weight (39.16 g), kernel yield (7060.72 kg ha-1), Stover yield (8839.98 kg ha-1) and harvest in-dex (44.44%) as compared to PAC-740. The interaction between dates of sowing and hybrids are non-significant.
Investigating the anti-acne potential of endophytic bacterial extracts isolated from Mangifera casturi in indigenous South Borneo, Indonesia Sogandi Sogandi; Julius Riyanto
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.114 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.03

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are beneficial microorganisms living in the tis-sues system of various parts of a plant, including fruits, leaves, twigs, and roots. The bacteria are stated as forming colonies without caus-ing any damage to the plant. Thus, this study aimed at isolating endo-phytic bacterial from the leaves, barks, and fruits of Kasturi plant (Mangifera casturi), screening its endophytic bacteria, determining the potential of those endophytic bacteria, identifying 16S rRNA and analyzing potential growth of the bacteria. The isolated endophytic bacteria appeared to show potential activity against pathogenic bac-teria Propionibacterium acnes with disc-diffusion methods. Besides, the observations on bacterial activities showed isolate L2, S2 and F4 isolated from leaves, bark and fruits, respectively, as the most potent producers of antibacterial compounds. Technically, those activities were indicated by the formation of clear zones. Molecular identifica-tion was investigated by applying PCR amplification on 16S rRNA gene. Furthermore, the isolate L2 was identified as Enterobacter clo-acae with 99% sequence similarities; however, isolates S2 and F4 were identified as Escherichia coli. Therefore, these findings sug-gested that the identified strains would contribute to any further searches for new sources of anti-acne substances.
Anti-inflammatory potential of african leaf water extract Lusi Agus Setiani; Zaldi Rusli
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.892 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.02

Abstract

Inflammation is the immune system's main response to infection and irritation. African leaf (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum) is one of the medicinal plants that can be used as anti-inflammatory because of the presence of flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds have an anti-inflammatory effect that can regulate arachidonic acid metabo-lism by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipooksigenase activi-ties. This study aims to obtain scientific information and the potential of African leaf extract as an anti-inflammatory in vitro and in vivo test. In this study, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity tests were carried out. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the ability of African leaf extracts to prevent protein denaturation and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by observing the reduction of edema in the soles of rats induced by carrageenan by giving three lev-els of doses of African leaf extract. The results showed that the African leaf extract at a concentration of 8273.91 mg L-1 was able to inhibit 50% denatured protein (IC50), while in the in vivo test African leaf had the potential as an anti-inflammatory with the most effective percent-age of inhibition at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 which is 85.20%. African leaf have the potential of approximately 2 times greater than the positive control of diclofenac sodium which is 45.70%.
Use of non-chemical methods for the management of southern blight disease of carrot incited by Sclerotium rolfsii M. Tanbir Rubayet; Farhana Prodhan; M. Shamim Hossain; Minhaz Ahmed; M. Abdullah Al Mamun; M. Khurshed Alam Bhuiyan
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (452.396 KB) | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.01.02.05

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of Trichoderma harzianum, soil solarization, and biofumigant on southern blight dis-ease of carrot incited by Sclerotium rolfsii isolate CS 5. A series of in-vitro and in-vivo trials laid out to select a virulent isolate of S. rolfsii against the carrot variety New Kuroda and evaluated the mustard, cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli leaf extracts for choosing an effec-tive biofumigant against test pathogen. Mustard was the most effec-tive in inhibiting the radial growth, and sclerotia formation (80.37 and 83.37%) of S. rolfsii (isolate CS 5) at 40% level of concentration followed by cabbage leaf extract (62.22 and 68.69%). On the contrary, a total of 10 isolates of T. harzianum were screened against the test pathogen on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium for choosing a dominant isolate of T. harzianum. The isolate Th-6 was found as the most active in inhibiting the radial growth (84.44%) of S. rolfsii fol-lowed by Th-1 (75.56%). In the application of T. harzianum, biofumi-gation, and soil solarization, the treatment appeared to be the most superior in reducing pre- and post-emergence mortality of carrot during secondary field trials. The lowest southern blight disease inci-dence (10.77%), and disease severity (12.78%) were found at the same treatment. Subsequently, the yield of carrot was increased 155.18% which might be due to the reduction of carrot disease as well as the addition of organic materials in the soil.

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