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INDONESIA
Atom Indonesia Journal
Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012" : 7 Documents clear
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Amidoamine) Dendrimers Encapsulated 198Au Nanoparticles R. Ritawidya; A. Pujiyanto; Mujinah Mujinah; Witarti Witarti; Setiawan Setiawan; M. Ramli; D. Kurniasih; A. Yanuar; A. Mutalib; L.B. Kardono
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (460.081 KB) | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.176

Abstract

Brachytherapy or internal radiotherapy is one of many methods used for treatment of cancer. This modality requires an agent with radionuclides that emits α or β particle with a proper energy. 198Au (99% β max = 0.96 MeV and t1/2 = 2.69 days) is one of radionuclides that has been considered to be effective for the above-mentioned purpose. The purpose of this research was to synthesis and characterize poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated 198Au nanoparticles as a new brachytherapy agent. PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated 198Au nanoparticles was successfully synthesized by a bottom-up method using sodium borohydride as a reductor. Purification was then performed by a size exclusion chromatography in order to separate large Au nanoparticles that were formed outside the cavity of PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers. Prior to the synthesis of PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated 198Au nanoparticles, the synthetic procedure was first established by using a non-radioactive Au. The PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated Au nanoparticles produced was then characterized by using an UV-Vis spectroscopy, a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analyzer (PSA), and an atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Characterization results revealed that PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated Au nanoparticles that were prepared from a reaction mixture of PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers and Au HAuCl4 with mol ratio of 2.8, was found to be a proper formula. It produced PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated Au nanoparticles with diameter of 1.743 nm, spheris, uniform and drug loading value of 26.34%. This formula was then used in synthesis using radioactive Au, 198Au. Characterization results of PAMAM G3.0 dendrimers encapsulated 198Au nanoparticles gave a radiochemical purity of 99.4% and zero charge. Received: 04 December 2012; Revised: 18 December 2012; Accepted: 20 December 2012
Arsenic Irradiation Induced Atomic Interdiffusion of InxGa1-xAs/InP Quantum Well Structures P.L. Gareso; H.H. Tan; C. Jagadish
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (189.483 KB) | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.177

Abstract

The atomic intermixing of InxGa1-xAs/InP quantum well structures induced by arsenic irradiation has been investigated using photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The ion doses used were varried from 5x1011 As/cm2 to 1x1013 As/cm2. Also, the irradiation temperature were carried out from -200oC to 300oC. The samples were annealed under Argon flow in rapid thermal annealer (RTA) at 750oC for 60 second. The photoluminescence result showed that there was increase in energy shift at lower doses. However, the energy shift was saturated at higher dose. At elevated temperature implantation showed that the energy shift did not change significantly for all the samples (LM, TS, CS). In additon to this, the higher energy shift was observed in the Compressive Strain (CS) samples, but the lower of the energy shift was experienced in the Tensile Strain (TS) samples. Received: 06 September 2012; Revised: 27 November 2012; Accepted: 03 December 2012
Stopping Powers and Inelastic Mean Free Path of 100 eV to 30 keV Electrons in Zirconium Silicates D. Tahir; Suarga Suarga; Yulianti Yulianti; N.H. Sari
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.173

Abstract

We have determined the electron stopping power (SP) and inelastic mean free path (IMFP) of (ZrO2)x(SiO2)1-x (x=1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, 0) for electron energies from 100 eV to 30 keV by means of modified Born–Ochkur equations. The energy loss function (ELF) is required in the calculation of SP and IMFP. We used the electron energy losses from 0 to 80 eV obtained by quantitative analysis of reflection electron energy-loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra. The values of SP and IMFP for high contents of ZrO2 (x=50% and x=75%) in Zr-silicates are similar to those of ZrO2, and similar to those of SiO2 for low contents of ZrO2 (x=25%) in Zr-silicates. There are small differences in the values of SP and IMFP for ZrO2 and SiO2.We found that the SP decreases while the IMFP increases with increasing electron energy. We have demonstrated that the ELF obtained from the quantitative analysis of REELS spectra provide us with a straightforward way to determine SP and IMFP for alloy materials by using modified Born-Ochkur equations. Received: 04 December 2012; Revised: 18 December 2012; Accepted: 19 December 2012
Measuring the BNF of Soybean Using 15N-Labelled Urea with Different Atom Excess (A.E.) Content A. Citraresmini; H. Halim; E.L. Sisworo
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.178

Abstract

The soybean is a legume which has an ability to supply its major nitrogen need by the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) process. This process is made possible by nodules formed in their roots, colonized by Rhizobium sp.bacteria. An accurate estimation of N gained by BNF is necessary to predict the increase or decrease of chemical fertilizer-N requirements to increase soybean production. Among several methods, the 15N method was used to estimate the ability of legumes to perform BNF. The study involved soybean var. Willis (W) and a completely non-BNF soybean var. CV, which is termed as a standard crop. The standard crop is non-nodulated soybean, but it has the same main physiological traits with var. Willis. The aim of this study was to determine whether15N-labelled fertilizer with different %a.e. given to nodulated and non-nodulated soybean would not be of significant consequences for the calculation of N-BNF of W. The treatments applied were different rates of urea (20 kg N/ha and 100 kg N/ha) combined with different atom excess percentages (%a.e.)15N (2% and 10%). Thus, the combination of treatments were as follows:(1) W-ll (20 kg N; 2% a.e); (2) CV-hl (100 kg N; 2% a.e); (3) W-lh (20 kg N; 10% a.e); (4) CV-hh (100 kg N; 10% a.e); (5) CV-ll (20 kg N; 2% a.e); (6) W-hl (100 kg N; 2% a.e); (7) CV-lh (20 kg N; 10% a.e); (8) W-hh (100 kg N; 10% a.e). The result of the experiment showed that a high %a.e. with a low rate of 15N and a low %a.e. with a high rate of N should be used to study the %N-BNF of nodulated plants.Received: 16 March 2012; Revised: 14 December 2012; Accepted: 17 December 2012
Labeling of the Recombinant Streptokinase Using Iodine-131 as a New Thrombolytic Agent I. Daruwati; A. Hanafiah; D.S. Retnoningrum; H. Rachmawati
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.174

Abstract

Stroke and acute myocardial infarction is a disease with the highest mortality in the world. WHO has estimated in 2008, 30% of deaths from heart disease and more than 80% of this cases have been occurred in developing countries. Streptokinase (SK) as an effective thrombolytic agent has been used as a drug of choice for about forty years ago. SK is plasminogen (PG) activator that converts plasminogen to active protease, called plasmin (PN) which degrades fibrin to soluble products. Recombinant streptokinase (SKA) from genetic engineering has been developed at School of Pharmacy ITB to reduce or eliminate immunogenicity of SK. However, scientific disclosures relating to dynamic and its kinetic studies in the body have still to be proven. One method that can explain this phenomenon is the pharmacological studies using radionuclide labeled compounds. Radioiodine labeled compound is used extensively and most suitable for biological studies. This paper describes the preparation of 131I-SKA and its characterization. The labeling conditions of SKA, such as chloramine-T as an oxidizing agent, amount of SKA, incubation time, and size of resin to purify the labeling yield have been observed. The result showed that the optimum condition of labeling (35.11%) was obtained using 10 µg of chloramine-T and 60 seconds of incubation time. The highest radiochemical purity (97.46 ± 1.14%) has also been obtained by passing through the resin chromatography column using 100 mg Dowex 1x8, size 50-100 mesh. The characterization of 131I-SKA with SDS PAGE method and autoradiography showed the similar performance with unlabeled-SKA.Received: 04 December 2012; Revised: 20 December 2012; Accepted: 21 December 2012
On-line Diagnosing on Trayed Column of Etylene Plant Using Gamma Ray Scanning S. Sugiharto
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.179

Abstract

Nuclear based technology called gamma scanning technique found its application for troubleshooting and diagnosing industrial process performance. The success of application of the gamma scanning technique is attributed to its unique ability in providing information which is cannot be obtained by any other techniques. One of the most prominent advantages of the gamma scanning technique was demonstrated by implementing this technology for scanning caustic/water wash tower DA 202 which was running in normal condition of operation. The DA 202 tower is trayed column having diameter of 4.2 m and height of 40 m. The scanning work has been performed using 70 mCi 60Co isotope as gamma emitter and scintillation detector as radiation counter to investigate condition of ten trays, starting from tray # 13 at elevation of 35050 mm to tray # 4 at elevation of 26950 mm above ground level. Scan data show that all trays were in their position. Tray # 4 to tray #10 were functioned properly and carried approximately the same amount of liquid. Light flooding on tray # 11 and heavy flooding on tray # 12 were identified. Partial flooding was identified on tray # 13. Further examination at the time of shutdown it was found that the liquid flooding on tray # 12 was caused by presence of a bucket covered with solidified mud. Received: 05 December 2011; Revised: 17 December 2012; Accepted: 18 December 2012
Synthesis of 125I Labeled Estradiol-17β-Hemisuccinate and Its Binding Study to Estrogen Receptors Using Scintillation Proximity Assay Method Y. Susilo; G. Mondrida; S. Setiyowati; Sutari Sutari; Triningsih Triningsih; W. Lestari; P. Widayati; C.N. Ardiyatno; A. Ariyanto; S. Darwati; L.B.S. Kardono; A. Yanuar
Atom Indonesia Vol 38, No 3 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2012.175

Abstract

Research was carried out to obtain a selective ligand which strongly bind to estrogen receptors through determination of binding affinity of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate. Selectivity of these compounds for estrogen receptor was studied using Scintillation Proximity Assay (SPA) method. Primary reagents required in the SPA method including radioligand and receptor, the former was obtained by labeling of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate with 125I, while MCF7 was used as the receptor. The labeling process was performed by indirect method via two-stage reaction. In this procedure, first step was activation of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate using isobutylchloroformate and tributylamine as a catalist, while labeling of histamine with 125I was carried out using chloramin-T method to produce 125I-histamine. The second stage was conjugation of activated estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate with 125I-histamine. The product of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate labeled 125I was extracted using toluene. Furtherly, the organic layer was purified by TLC system. Characterization of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate labeled 125I from this solvent extraction was carried out by determining its radiochemical purity and the result was obtained using paper electrophoresis and TLC were 79.8% and 84.4% respectively. Radiochemical purity could be increased when purification step was repeated using TLC system, the result showed up to 97.8%. Determination of binding affinity by the SPA method was carried out using MCF7 cell lines which express estrogen receptors showed the value of Kd at 7.192 x 10-3 nM and maximum binding at 336.1 nM. This low value of Kd indicated that binding affinity of estradiol-17β-hemisuccinate was high or strongly binds to estrogen receptor.Received: 04 December 2012; Revised: 19 December 2012; Accepted: 21 December 2012

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