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Atom Indonesia Journal

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Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional

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Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019" : 11 Documents clear

Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 45 No 2 cvr cvr
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Expression of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 and Micronuclei as Genome Damage Biomarker of Population in Keang and Salumati Village, Mamuju West Sulawesi Province A.D. Pratiwi; I.K.H. Basri; S. Purnami; M. Syaifudin; D. Tetriana; D. Yusuf; T. Rahardjo; S. Nurhayati; N. Rahajeng; Y.U. Anggraito; I. Kashiwakura
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The residents living in high background radiation area have risk to be exposed by ionizing radiation that also potentially cause their DNA damage. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of γ-H2AX, 53BP1 foci and micronuclei in the residentswho live in high background radiation area of Salumati village, Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Twenty one blood samples which consist of 11 from the study area and 10 from control were assessed for their expression of γ-H2AX and 53BPI foci by using specific antibodies and observed under fluorescence microscope whereas micronuclei was detected after being cultured and giemsa stainedaccording to standard procedures. Results showed that both γ-H2AX and 53BP1foci from high background area was lower than that of control area (0.37±0.24vs 0.19±0.11 (p=0.03) for γ-H2AX and 0.61±0.30vs 0.31±0.12 for 53BP1 (p=0.01)). The mean of micronuclei frequency in exposed area was 0.02 (0,01-0,03) while in control area was 0.02 (0.003-0.02). There was statistical significant in corellation between both γ-H2AX, 53BP1 foci with micronuclei index in exposed area (p=0.02, p=0,04 respectively).In conclusion,there was a positive correlation between γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci to micronuclei and this might be a clue of the occurrence of genome repairing mechanism caused by natural radiation at low dose chronical exposure in thestudied area.

Acknowledgement Atom Indonesia Vol 45 No 2 cvr cvr
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Application of Digital Anti-Coincidence Counting Method for Primary Activity Determination of 59Fe A. Agusbudiman; K.B. Lee; J.M. Lee
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

As a radiopharmaceutical, the use of 59Fe is classified as a high pharmaceutical risk product. Therefore, a standard reference for activity measurement of 59Fe is necessary to ensure its metrological aspect. This paper describes an alternative method for primary activity determination of 59Fe for establishing a standard reference. The 59Fe solution was prepared using two different cocktails and measured by the 4pb(LS)-g counting system using a digital anti-coincidence counting method with emulated live-time of the extending dead-time. A final activity results at the reference time for the two samples series are (473.32± 2.55) kBq/g and (477.14 ± 2.42) kBq/g with quoted uncertainty evaluated at k = 1. The final activity was compared to the value obtained from the other two coincidence counting method and found to be in a good agreement within its uncertainty value.

Assessment of Ionizing Radiation Effects on the Hematological Parameters of Radiation-Exposed Workers H.N.E. Surniyantoro; T. Rahardjo; Y. Lusiyanti; N. Rahajeng; A.H. Sadewa; P. Hastuti; H. Date
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation may adversely affect human cells and tissues of hospital radiation workers, especially peripheral blood cell count. Blood cell count analysis is a useful screening test in a routine medical checkup. A high or low blood cells count even in a healthy-looking subject leads to the suspicion of disease and it should prompt further investigations. This study was aimed to assess the effects of ionizing radiation on the hematological parameters of radiation workers at several governmental hospitals in Indonesia and correlation between years of employment and equivalent dose on one hand and the hematological parameters on the other. It included 74 medical radiation workers occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation at the Unit of Radiology and Radiotherapy and 83 controls. Fourteen hematological parameters were measured by ABX Micros 60 Hematology analyzer and the correlation between years of employment and equivalent doseas well as hematological parameters on radiation-exposed workers were tested by linear regression analysis test. Our study reported that red blood cell and monocyte counts were significantly higher in radiation-exposed workers compared to controls, whereas white blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and lymphocytes values were significantly lower in radiation-exposed workers. A significant correlation was observed between equivalent dose and red blood cells (RBCs) parameter (P=0.001) with a decline in RBC level of 0.541×106/µL per 1 mSv increase of radiation dose. The present study recommends that further studies shoulduse a larger sample size and include various independent variables (genetic polymorphism, chromosome aberration, micronucleus frequency) to study the long-term effects of low-dose radiation exposure on radiation-exposed workers.

Release of Radioactive Particulates into the Air during Forest Fire in Riau Province, Indonesia S Syarbaini; M Makhsun; W Wahyudi; S Syahrial; J Jasmiyati
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Forest fires are annual problem during the dry season and become a biggest threat to forest resources in Indonesia. The forest fires release into the atmosphere large quantities of particulate matter and volatilized substances. The present study investigates effects of forest fire on air quality in the case of a radiological event of ashes from forest fires emissionsin Riau province during an intense forest fire season that occurred in 2015.Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected from Mayto December, 2015 using a large volume TSP (total suspended particles) sampler.Concentrations of radionuclidesin airborne particulate matter were measured by using gamma spectrometry.It was shown that the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K ranged from 0.026 to 0.114 mBq/m3, 0.005 to 0.011 mBq/m3 and 0.99 to 5.64 mBq/m3, respectively. The activity concentrations of 137Cs in air was found lower than the minimum detectable activity of the gamma counting systems (<MDA), except for July and September 2015. The result showed that the smokefrom forest fires contain radioactive particulates, which may have a potential health risk of population, and need to be considered in forest fire disaster. Inhaled smoke particles from forest fires may contribute to enhanced radiation doses to the general public.

The Effects of External Magnetic Field on the Physical Properties of La0.41Ca0.59Mn1-xCuxO3 with x = 0.06 and 0.15 in the Temperature Range of 100 – 300 K Y.E. Gunanto; W.A. Adi; B. Kurniawan; A. Purwanto; T. Ono; H. Tanaka; E. Steven
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

This work investigated the crystal structure, resistivity and specific heat of La0.41Ca0.59Mn1-xCuxO3 with x = 0.06 and 0.15. The samples were prepared by a solid reaction method and in milling with high energy milling (HEM) of 700 rpm for ten hours. Neutron scattering with high resolution powder diffraction (HRPD) is used to analyze the phase and crystal structure. For resistivity analysis, four point probes are used, and SQUID Quantum Design is used for specific heat analysis in temperatures range of 100 - 300 K. In all cases, the sample has an orthorhombic crystal structure with a space group Pnma. The influence of a magnetic field on the specific heat and resistivity is also determined as a function of temperature. The resistivity increases in the presence of an external magnetic field. At the temperature less than 184 K, the resisitivity follows the Arhenius model (ln R varies as 1/T0.25) while at higher temperatures it fits the metal-semiconductor model (ln R varies as 1/T). The electronic specific heat parameter γ varies with magnetic field at x = 0.06, but not at x = 0.15.

Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 45 No 2 cvr cvr
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Current Status and Recent Achievements of the Sterile Insect Technique Program Against Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti, in Indonesia B. Ernawan; H.I. Sasmita; M. Sadar; I. Sugoro
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Given the facts that Indonesia has suitable environment condition to survival, reproduction and development of the principal mosquito vector for dengue virus, Aedes aegypti, the transmission of dengue virus does routinely occur every year. The sterile insect technique (SIT) as one of the techniques in area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) has been developed to control Aedes aegypti population since 2004. The first 5 years of the program (2004-2009) was focused on mass rearing facility establishment. The lab-work study for the entomological data and field trials were performed in 2010-2014. In 2014-2019, the program was addressed to enhance the mass rearing facility to increase sterile male production and strengthening the networking throughout the involvement in the regional and interregional program coordinated by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The main future challenge of the SIT program against Aedes aegypti is developing the capacity building and strong commitment of all stakeholders i.e. the Ministry of Health, the universities, the research institutes and the public. In the future work plan, the pilot project design to proof the concept of the SIT is strongly recommended to obtain a firm, unbiased and strong results as the consideration for the decision maker to create the Aedes control program in Indonesia.

Calculation of Control Rods Reactivity Worth of RSG-GAS First Core Using Deterministic and Monte Carlo Methods T. Surbakti; S. Pinem; T.M. Sembiring; A. Hamzah; K. Nabeshima
Atom Indonesia Vol 45, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/aij.2019.810

The control rod worth is a key parameter for the research reactor operation and utilization. Control rod worth computation is a challenge for the fully-deterministic and Monte Carlo calculations, including the few-group cross section generation, and the core analysis. The safe and reliable utilization of research reactor demands the possible accurate information of control rod worth because they are used to compensate the excess reactivity for safe reactor operation and its controlled shut down. The criticality positions of the control rods change with time due to buildup of fission products during the reactor operation. It is therefore important to determine the reactivity worth of control rods. The aim of this article is to obtain reliable control rod worth of the first core of RSG-GAS as a verification and validation result. For this purpose, deterministic and Monte Carlo models of the reactor core were developed and confirmed by the experimental results of excess reactivity, shutdown margin, and combined control rod reactivity worth using the combination of WIMSD-5B and Batan-3DIFF computer codes. WIMSD-5B is a neutron transport theory-based lattice cell modeling code that is used for the generation of group constants for different regions of the reactor core. These are provided as input to the diffusion theory based Batan-3DIFF code which performs the global core calculations for the reactor system. For the Monte Carlo model, to estimate the reactivity worth of control rods, the MCNP6 code is used. The result of this analysis showed that for the integral control rod worth a good agreement was found between experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation results but up to 5 % difference occurred between experimental results and diffusion result.

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