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Atom Indonesia Journal

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Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional

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Core Subject : Science,

Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Exist for publishing the results of research and development in nuclear science and technology Starting for 2010 Atom Indonesia published three times a year in April, August, and December The scope of this journal covers experimental and analytical research in all areas of nuclear science and technology. including nuclear physics, reactor physics, radioactive waste treatment, fuel element development, radioisotopes and radio pharmaceutical engineering, nuclear and radiation safety, neutron scattering, material science and technology, as well as utilization of isotopes and radiation in agriculture, industry, health and environment.

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020" : 11 Documents clear

Voice Classification Based on Fast Independent Component Analysis to Support Nuclear Power Plant Security R.F.S. Budi; S Suparman
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

National vital objects have important role in national development,so they require special protection. Nuclear power plant (NPP) is one of them. Access restriction is required to prevent the NPP from potential hazards. The restriction can be improved by using face, fingerprints, retina, iris, and voice password. The improvement will enhance the security of the NPP. This research has implemented pattern recognition and classification of voice passwords. The passwords were a, i, u, e, and o. The features vector was searched by using Fast ICA method while the pattern classification was performed by minimum Euclidean method. The purpose of this research is to recognize and classify those letter password, so people who have access to the nuclear area can be distinguished. The methodology of this research consists of input data, pre-processing data, feature extraction, and classification. Pre-processing was done by normalization, denoising, centering, and whitening. Feature extraction was performed by Fast ICA method, and classification was done by minimum Euclidean distance. The results show that Fast ICA and minimum Euclidean methods can 100 % distinguish between the employees who have access permit and those who have no access permit. When an employee with access permit says "aiueo”, it will be recognized as password, whereas when an employee with no access permit says the password, it will be recognized not as the password.

Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Mechanical Properties of High and Low Copper H.M. Qadr
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

An investigation into the effects of proton beam exposure on high- and low-copper structural materials for nuclear reactors has been carried out. The aim of this work was to investigate the impact of proton energy irradiation on the damage of the materials. The damage parameter used in the evaluation was displacement per atom (dpa) in material as a function of proton energy. In addition, a TRIM code was used to identify the penetration depth in response to changes in proton energy. The effect of proton beam exposure on the irradiation induced hardening of the different copper levels was investigated by Vickers Hardness tests for microstructural changes examination. The proton beam incident energy was 3 MeV and the temperature was kept at approximately 30 ᴼC. A 25 μm flat damage profile was achieved at 0.367 and 0.373 dpa for low and high copper samples, respectively. The hardness variation with depth and yield strength variation with dose (dpa) were also investigated. Based on the results, the study found that the hardness test for the high copper was higher than the low copper.

Ordered Structure Analysis of Prepared Mesoporous Silica Using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering A.I.W.S. Ramadani; N.S. Pamungkas; N.A. Putrisetya; M.C. Prihatiningsih; M.D. Permatasari; A.A. Nugroho; S. Suyanta; A. Patriati; S. Soontaranon; E.G.R. Putra
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Ordered pores structureanalysis of mesoporous silica materials using a template of poly(ethylene oxyde)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide), PEO-PPO-PEO, triblock copolymer or Pluronics in numerous synthesis conditions has been conducted. Two different length of hydrophilic chain of Pluronics, i.e., P123 (EO20PO70EO20) and F127 (EO106PO70EO106), produced two different fine pore structures, which were basically hexagonal and cubic. A highly ordered pore structure, confirming with many Bragg peaks, was clearly obtained with the lattice parameters in nanometer scale from analyzing the synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data. Meanwhile, the surface area and pores size of mesoporous silica determined by nitrogen absorption clearly support the analysis of SAXS data, presenting a complete information of pore order characteristics. This paper shows how the synthesis parameters,such as length of hydrophilic chains, silica precursor concentration, Al:Si ratio and synthesis methods, are related to the structure and order of the pores formed. The SAXS patterns show that the pore orderincreases with increasing concentration of sodium silicate and decreases with longer sonication time.

Effect of Garlic, Stinky Bean, Dogfruit, Tomato Extracts, and N-acetylcysteine on Rats after 5 Gy Irradiation T. Kisnanto; I. Kurnia; M. Sadikin
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals is the most important effect of radiation exposure on biological systems. Several studies have shown that several vegetables are proven to have beneficial effects to protect the body from free radical attacks. This current study was focused on exploring the capability of extracts of garlic, stinky bean, dog fruit, and tomato, as well as N-acetylcystein (NAC), in counteracting free radicals induced by gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy. Seven treatments on male rat were as follow: A (control), B (5 Gy), C (garlic + 5 Gy), D (stinky bean + 5 Gy), E (dogfruit + 5 Gy), F (tomato + 5 Gy) andG (NAC + 5 Gy). The rats were irradiated 8 days after the supplement had been given. Detection of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was done by biochemical assays, and γ-H2AX foci were counted by immunofluorescence assay to the lymphocytes and plasma samples. The results showed that gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy caused increases in the level of MDA, 8-OHdG, and γ-H2AX foci while decreases were recorded in the level of GSH, GPx, and CAT (p < 0.05). The treatment of garlic, dogfruit, and tomato extracts and NAC reduced free radicals significantly. In conclusion, the tomato has the best ability to overcome free radicals due to gamma irradiation among the treatments inthe experiment.

Radiomitigative Effects of Approved Hematopoietic Drugs on Mice Exposed to Lethal Total-body Irradiation T. Nishida; M. Yamaguchi; S. Miura; K. Waga; N. Kawabata; M. Syaifudin; I. Kashiwakura
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

In cases of radiological accidents, especially for victims exposed to high-dose total-body irradiation (TBI), the administration of appropriate approved hematopoietic drugs is the most rapid medical treatment for preventing severe acute radiation syndrome, which is associated with a high mortality rate. However, at present, there are few suitable pharmaceutical drugs available in Japan, aside from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Depending on the situation surrounding the accident, various drug treatment options and the development of effective drug therapies may be required. In the present study, we assessed various combinations of seven commercially available drugs-G-CSF, erythropoietin (EPO), romiplostim (RP), ancer (AN), cepharanthine (CE), leucon (LC) and leukoprol (LP)-in mice exposed to a lethal dose of 7 or 8 Gy of X-ray irradiation. Each drug was administered as a single or mixed intraperitoneal injection once or twice daily for three consecutive days. The single administration of the approved hematopoietic drugs CE, LC, or LP twice a day for 3 days significantly improved the 30-day survival rate of lethal TBI mice (p < 0.05; 75%, 100%, or 100%, respectively) compared with the untreated TBI mice, accompanied by a gradual increase in the body weight. Furthermore, the combined administration of RP, EPO and G-CSF or single administration of RP alone gradually increased the body weight of mice exposed to lethal TBI, with 30-day survival rates of 75% or 100%, respectively (p < 0.05). This study suggested that some new domestically approved hematopoietic drugs may have radiomitigative potential for mice exposed to lethal TBI, and the 12-h interval administration of LC or LP for 3 days to 7-Gy-TBI mice and 12-h interval administration of RP alone for 3 days to 8-Gy-TBI mice were the most suitable medications with respect to the 30-day survival rate. As long as the threat of nuclear disaster exists, diverse efforts in thefield of radiation emergency medicine, including the development of effective drug therapies, will be necessary.

Cover Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 cvr cvr
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Sediment Accumulation Rate in Sayung Coast, Demak, Central Java Using Unsupported 210Pb Isotope W.A. Gemilang; U. J. Wisha; T. Solihuddin; A. Arman; K. Ondara
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Some efforts have been done to cope with coastal erosion and rob in Sayung Coast including mangrove plantation, hybrid engineering (HE), and hard structure protection. However, those efforts are not considered to be the best solution in reducing the impacts of the hazards. This study aimed to determine the sediment accumulation rates based on natural isotopes 210Pb dating and hydro-oceanographic modeling technique. According to 210Pb analysis, we calculated the sediment accumulation rates at Surodadi and Timbulsloko of 0.145 cm/year and 0.06 cm/year, respectively. The sediment compositions are dominated by terrestrial sediment typified by clay deposits. The sedimentary rate average of Sayung Coast prior to HE installation (2011-2013) was 0.195 cm/year. The rate of sediment accumulation rose to around 0.4 cm/year in 2016 in accordance with the increase of Mangrove area from around 409 hectares in 2013 to about 455.79 hectares in 2015. The increase of sedimentary rate recent years became an evidence that mitigation efforts to reduce abrasion temporarily succeeded.

Preface Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 prfc prfc
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

Safety Analysis of the TRIGA 2000 U3Si2-Al Fuel Core Under Reactivity Insertion Accidents S. Pinem; T. Surbakti; P.H. Liem
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

TheTRIGA 2000 reactor in Bandung is planned to change its fuel type from the TRIGA fuel rod type to the U3Si2-Al plate type of low enriched uranium of 19.75 % with uranium density of 2.96 gU/cc. A study on the neutronic parameters from the equilibrium core has been done. To ensure safe operation of the new fuel, thermodynamic evaluation of the core needs to be done. The purpose of this study is to conduct a reactor safety analysis of reactivity insertion during withdrawal of the control rod and to study the effect of this reactivity insertion on the power and the maximum temperature of the fuel and the cladding. Reactivity insertion accident is the main factor of the design basis accidents in nuclear reactor design. A simulation of transient for reactivity insertion has been carried out using a coupled neutronic and thermal-hydraulic MTR-DYN code. The code was developed based on three-dimensional multigroup neutron diffusion theory. The coupled space and time-dependent problem were solved by adiabatic model. Transient analysis was performed for a reactivity insertion of 32.33 pcm/s with the assumption that all of the control rods were rapidly withdrawn. For the insertion at a low power of 100 W, the maximum power achieved was 2.74 MW while a maximum power of 2.3 MW was achieved for the power transient of 1 MW. The maximum temperature of the coolant, the cladding, and the fuel for TRIGA 2000 core does not exceed the allowable safety limit for reactivity insertions.

Acknowledgement Atom Indonesia Vol 46 No 1 ack ack
Atom Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : PPIKSN-BATAN

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