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Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia

jsmi
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Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional

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Core Subject : Science,

Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Materials Science), diterbitkan oleh Pusat Teknologi Bahan Industri Nuklir - BATAN. Terbit pertama kali: Oktober 1999, frekuensi terbit: empat bulanan.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018" : 9 Documents clear

THE EFFECT OF OXIDATION ON SAGO STARCH AND ITS APPLICATION AS EDIBLE FILM Dewi Sondari; Evi Triwulandari; Muhammad Ghozali; Yulianti Sampora; Imad Iltizam; Nanang Masruchin
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

THE EFFECT OF OXIDATION ON SAGO STARCH AND ITS APPLICATION AS EDIBLE FILM. The oxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide in sago starch can influence the proximate test value, physicochemical properties and edible film properties. The hydrogen peroxide formula for starch modifica- tion is 1, 2, 3 and 4%. The presence of hydrogen peroxide increases the physicochemical properties of sago starch so that the quality of modified sago starch is better than pure sago starch. Glycerol is used to improve film flexibility in the manufacture of edible coatings. The characterization of edible film includes water content, contact angle and elongation. Edible film from modified sago starch shows lower water content compared to pure sago starch films. The oxidation effect of H2O2 on edible film results in changes in the hydrophilic properties including the contact angle. Edible film of pure sago starch shows a lower contact angle value. The hydrophilic nature of edible film decreases in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The high hydrophobicity of the modified sago starch film is caused by the role of carboxyl groups in the starch molecule chain.

SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND INITIAL ELECTRIC SCRATCHING ON PbZrXTi(1-X)O3 PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL Syahfandi Ahda; Mardiyanto Mardiyanto; Parikin Parikin
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/jsmi.2018.20.1.4798

SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND INITIAL ELECTRIC SCRATCHING ON PbZrXTi(1-X)O3 PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL. PbZrTi(1-x)O3(PZT) material is currently one of the highest- quality piezoelectric materials and has been widely used in various applications, including as sensors in the observation system in nuclear reactor cores. In this study, a solid state reaction method was used to synthesize PbZrTi(1-x)O3(PZT) material with variations in compaction pressure of 7000 and 5000 psi. The sample synthesized was analyzed by the crystal structure system using Rietveld method of X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. The fitting results from Highscore program showed compounds with perovskite crystals system of tetragonal (PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3) and rhombohedral (PbZr0,58Ti0,42O3) and PbTiO3 (tetragonal). The electrifying process using an electrical voltage of kv DC has been successfully carried out on synthesis products. The voltage source used is from the electronic circuit Television (TV) 14-21 inches which has a flyback component and then continues with a voltage drop by making a voltage divider. The polling results can be identified by measuring the piezoelectric constant with the d33 meter device. Optimization of polling parameters to the material temperature was obtained at 100 oC, then applied polling sample of PbZrTi(1-x)O3(PZT) material added by PVDF (1.5, 2.5 and 5% weight percent) to samples with the compaction of 7000 and 5000 psi. Maximum d33 measurement (61 x 10-12 C/N) was obtained on PZT material with a pellet pressure of 7000 psi. Increasing the addition of PVDF results in a reduction of d33.

THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF MICROWAVE HEATING ON EFFICIENCY OF HYDROLYSIS TIME AND α-CELLULOSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM OIL WASTE BIOMASS Fitriani Kasim; Khaswar Syamsu; Dwi Setyaningsih; Prayoga Suryadarma; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/jsmi.2018.20.1.5408

THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF MICROWAVE HEATING ON EFFICIENCY OF HYDROLYSIS TIME AND α-CELLULOSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM OIL WASTE BIOMASS. This research is underlied by the needs of various industries for alpha cellulose, especially for the needs of raw material for cellulose nanocristalline, from fiber derived from the most potential waste biomass in Indonesia, namely oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and mesocarp fibers. This study aims to find out the effect of pretreatment by microwave heating on the efficiency of hydrolysis time and alpha cellulose characteristics from palm oil waste biomass. To produce alpha cellulose, acid hydrolysis is commonly used with the multistage pulping process method, where the fiber is dissolved into HNO3 mixed acid, 3.5% and NaNO2, heated at a temperature of 90 oC for 2 hours, hydrolyzed and delignified to remove lignin and bleached, then separated from betha and gamma cellulose by dissolving it with NaOH 17.5%. In this study, a preliminary treatment (pretreatment) with microwave heating was carried out before the fiber was hydrolyzed so that the hydrolysis process was more efficient without reducing the characteristics of the alpha cellulose produced. The research results showed that pretreatment with microwave heating can streamline the hydrolysis time from 2 hours to 1 hour, without reducing its characteristics, where the degree of fiber crystallinity (XRD) and the yield of alpha cellulose remain high. Microwave heating with 450 watts for 5 minutes (treatment A) is better than 300 watts of heating for 10 minutes (treatment B). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the pretreatment with microwave heating can streamline the hydrolysis time of the fiber to obtain alpha cellulose and increase the yield of the produced alpha cellulose.

Preface JUSAMI Vol. 20, No. 1, October 2018 Preface JUSAMI
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.708 KB)

FORMATION OF SPINEL STRUCTURE IN SYNTHESIS PROCESS OF Li1.37Mn2O4 USING HYDROTHERMAL METHOD Ibrahim Purawiardi; Etty Wigayati
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

FORMATION OF SPINEL STRUCTURE IN SYNTHESIS PROCESS OF Li1.37Mn2O4 USING HYDROTHERMAL METHOD. Li1.37Mn2O4 is one form of Li1+xMn2O4 which is engineered from LiMn2O4 phase which is commonly used as a lithium cathode active ingredient. The crucial thing from Li1.37Mn2O4 synthesis is the spinel structure that is formed. This study aims to observe when the spinel structure of Li1.37Mn2O4 starts and when the transformation from a tetragonal structure into spinel occurs. The raw materials used are tetragonal LiOH and tetragonal MnO2. The synthesis was carried out using a hydrothermal method with a temperature of 200 oC with a variation of holding times of 50, 70, 90 and 110 hours. Observation of spinel structure was carried out using XRD and TEM. The results obtained were at the holding times of 50 and 70 hours, the spinel structure had not been formed. The spinel structure begins to form at 90 hours holding time which also indicates that the transformation from the tetragonal structure to spinel occurs at such holding time. The result of a 90-hour holding time is a regular spinel structure but there are still many Mn and Mn-O –based impurities. While the results of the 110-hour holding time produce a perfect yet irregular transformation of the spinel structure.

Cover JUSAMI Vol. 20, No. 1 October 2018 Cover JUSAMI
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.175 KB)

APPLICATION OF SULFONATED POLYSTYRENE IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL Sunit Hendrana; Erwin Erwin; Krisman Krisman; Syakbaniah Syakbaniah; Isna’im Isna’im; Yusmeri Yusmeri; Neti Satria; Tri Susilawati; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

APPLICATION OF SULFONATED POLYSTYRENE IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL. Sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) is polyelectrolyte solid that widely used in many aplications. In this works SPS is applied for some parts of polymer electrolyte fuel cell membrane due sulfonate group available in the structure. The investigation involve the application for membrane with addition of small molecules, i.e. benzimidazole and evaluating its microstructure and performance. Application of SPS solution as binding agent in MEA will also be presented. The results show that when using SPS as fuel cell membrane, the additon of small molecules such as benzimidazole would modify its microstrusture as well as improve its ion conductivity. Meanwhile, some improvement still required for application of SPS solution as binding agent for preparation of Membrane Electrode Assembly or MEA.

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVES AND REDUCTORS IN SELECTIVE REDUCTION PROCESS OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE Fajar Nurjaman; Anis Sa'adah; Achmad Shofi; Wuri Apriyana; Bambang Suharno
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/jsmi.2018.20.1.5404

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVES AND REDUCTORS IN SELECTIVE REDUCTION PROCESS OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE. Selective reduction of laterite nickel ore followed by magnetic separation was carried out to produce ferronickel products. The effect of adding additives and reductor types in the selective reduction process was studied in this study. Reductors used were anthracite coal and palm shell charcoal with variations of 5 to 15% by weight, while the additive used was sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). The reduction process was carried out at temperatures of 950 ºC, 1050 ºC and 1150 ºC for 60 minutes. The addition of 10% sodium sulfate additives by weight in the reduction process of laterite nickel ore produced higher concentrations of nickel as 6.09%, compared to no additives, i.e. 2.45%. The addition of reductors in the selective reduction process of laterite nickel ore shows that the higher the amount of reductors causes a decrease in the concentrate level of nickel. Furhtermore, the type of reductors used shows that the concentrate from the reduction result using anthracite coal reductor produces higher level of nickel and lower level of iron compared to the use of palm shell charcoal reductor.

MICRO-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 57Fe15Cr25Ni0.32Mn0.96Si AUSTENITE STEEL AFTER 850°C-5H TEMPERATURE-QUENCHING TREATMENTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIAL APPLICATIONS Parikin Parikin; Rudi Rudi; Sumaryo Sumaryo; S Ahda
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 20, No 1: OCTOBER 2018
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICRO-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 57Fe15Cr25Ni0.32Mn0.96Si AUSTENITE STEEL AFTER 850°C-5H TEMPERATURE-QUENCHING TREATMENTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIAL APPLICATIONS. A serial austenite stainless steel, namely A2-type, has been synthesized by using casting technique at temperature more than 1250 °C in the induction furnace that used an electromagnetic inductive-thermal system. The steel is dedicated for structural component material in multi-purpose applications such as in high-temperature operating environments. So, the material must be resistant to mechanical loads, high temperature, corrosion and irradiation. In order to increase the strength of materials, temperature-quenching treatments are required in some cooling media. Mineral element was extracted from crude ores of Indonesian mines and commercial scrap materials, i.e: ferro scrap, ferro chrome, nickel, manganese, and ferro silicon; all of them in granular shape were prepared to alloy the steel. Titanium was not added to this austenite low carbon steel. The OES-chemical composition in %wt of the materials is 57%Fe, 15%Cr, 25%Ni, 0.34%C and less than 0.1% of impurities that comprised of: titanium, phosphor, copper, niobium and sulphur elements in the steel. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that ascast material had an fcc crystal structure with lattice parameter of 3.632 Å. Meanwhile, two of samples, i.e: annealing and oil quench, have strictly similar lattice parameter to that of air (normalizing) quench (3.580 Å). On the other hand, the lattice parameter of water quenched samples has a slightly lower lattice parameter than the ascast lattice , i.e. 3.587 Å. The peak shift of (111) and (200) -plane in the diffraction profile, is very significant, approximately 0.63 degrees between ascast sample and the last two samples. Ascast microstructure reveals that the austenite phase grains look large and describe an undeformed structure, with an average grain size of about 6 mm, while the annealed sample was larger. Air- and oil- quenched sample microstructures showed a fine grain which was very different to water quenched sample microstructure that showed a coarse grain. The viscousity (h) of the quenching medium had an important role in the formation of grain boundary, because the rate of decreasing temperature was heavily influenced by the diffusion of heat from the high to low temperature spaces.

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