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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 2089 2624     EISSN : 2620 4703     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2023)" : 7 Documents clear
Kebijakan Terkait Krisis Kesehatan: Analisa Kebutuhan Tenaga Kesehatan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia Erwin Purwaningsih
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.80590

Abstract

Kesehatan merupakan salah satu pilar pembangunan negara Indonesia. Pentingnya aspek kesehatan dalam kehidupan bernegara seringkali menghadapi banyak sekali tantangan dan hambatan, krisis kesehatan menjadi salah satu isu vital yang harus segera ditemukan solusi penyelesaiannya. Pada masa genting seperti pandemi Covid-19 yang saat ini melanda dunia tidak terkecuali Indonesia, permasalahan terhadap kebutuhan tenaga kesehatan menjadi sangat vital selain permasalahan pembiayaan, informasi dan komunikasi, sarana prasarana, transportasi, stok alat dan bahan medis yang juga terbatas. Beragam solusi yang ditawarkan kiranya menjadi alternatif pemecahan masalah distribusi tenaga kesehatan ini, namun perlu diingat solusi sederhana, tetapi akurat dan dapat dengan cepat diaplikasikan yang harus dipilih menjadi pilihan utama. Tujuan : Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menelaaah kebijakan terkait krisis kesehatan yang sedang dialami Indonesia yang berfokus pada analisa kebutuhan tenaga kesehatan selama pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif  analitik dengan desain non eksperimental (Cross Sectional). Menggunakan analisa pustaka atau library research yang berasal dari beberapa sumber yaitu laporan BPS RI, Databoks, Lokadata, Pusara digital tenaga kesehatan dan sumber data dari artikel terkait. Hasil: Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) mencatat, jumlah tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia sebanyak 2.287.142 orang pada 2021. Dari jumlah tersebut daerah Jawa memiliki jumlah tenaga jauh lebih banyak dibandingakan dengan provinsi-provinsi lain di Indonesia, hal ini dikaitkan dengan jumlah penduduk yang terpusat di pulau Jawa, gap tenaga kesehatan sangat jauh antara provinsi satu dengan lainnya di Indonesia. Saat ini ketersediaan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan (SDMK) Indonesia berada di bawah standar Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (World Health Organization/WHO). Indonesia hanya memiliki rasio 4 per 1.000 penduduk untuk jumlah dokter, perawat dan bidan, sementara standar WHO adalah 4,4 per 1.000 penduduk. Sejumlah 2.087 tenaga kesehatan Indonesia telah gugur selama pandemi Covid-19 melanda tanah air. Setidaknya 751 dokter meninggal, 670 perawat, 298 bidan gugur dalam melaksanakan tugasnya diikuti dengan tenaga kesehatan lainnya. Rekomendasi kebijakan yang dapat diberikan antara lain, alokasi segera tenaga kesehatan dan non kesehatan diwilayah yang terbatas SDM, kesempatan bekerja lebih mudah pada tenaga vital seperti dokter spesialis, laboratorium, radiologi dst, kerjasama lintas sektor terkait seperti kemendikbud, kemenpupr, dst. Kesimpulan: Krisis kesehatan yang dialami Indonesia salah satunya yaitu aspek distribusi tenaga kesehatan, hal ini dikaitkan dengan populasi terpusat, kondisi geografis dan besarnya honor nakes yang menjadi beberapa faktor penyebab maldistribusi tersebut. Tugas, pokok dan fungsi pemerintah pusat dan daerah diuji dalam penyelesaian permasalahan ini. Solusi aplikatif dan solutif dari koordinasi berbagai pihak diharapkan segera menjadi alternatif dan menekan jurang maldistribusi nakes yang ada di Indonesia. 
Analisis Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Penanggulangan Stunting: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Brebes Liza Nurva; Chatila Maharani
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.81342

Abstract

ABSTRAKKabupaten Brebes merupakan Kabupaten/Kota yang memiliki prevalensi balita stunting tertinggi di Jawa Tengah dengan prevalensi sebesar 26,3% dan termasuk dalam 100 Kabupaten/Kota lokus prioritas intervensi stunting di Indonesia. Pemerintah Kabupaten Brebes mengeluarkan peraturan berupa Peraturan Bupati Brebes No. 50 tahun 2019 tentang Penanggulangan Stunting yang tujuannya untuk mencegah dan menurunkan angka kasus stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan kebijakan penanggulangan stunting di Kabupaten Brebes dengan teori eksplorasi model implementasi kebijakan George Edward III, Marilee S Grindle, dan Mazmanian & Sabatier dalam perspektif segitiga analisis kebijakan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara open coding menggunakan aplikasi QDA Miner Lite. Hasil menunjukan bahwa untuk pelaksanaan kebijakan secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada, dari segi pemerintah daerah dan Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) terkait saling bekerja sama, namun banyak hambatan yang dialami membuat kebijakan ini belum mencapai tujuan dan untuk Perbup tersebut perlu dilakukan revisi agar sesuai dengan Peraturan Presiden yang terbaru yaitu Perpres No.72 tahun 2021.Kata kunci : Penanggulangan; Pelaksanaan Kebijakan; Stunting ABSTRACTBrebes Regency is one of the regencies/cities that have the highest stunting toddler prevalence in Central Java with a prevalence of 26.3% and included in 100 districts/cities the priority locus of stunting interventions in Indonesia. The Brebes Regency Government issued regulations, Brebes Regent Regulation No. 50 of 2019 concerning Stunting Countermeasures whose purpose is to prevent and reduce the number of stunting cases. This study aims to find out how the implementation of stunting countermeasures policies in Brebes Regency with the exploration theory of the policy implementation model of George Edward III, Marilee S Grindle, and Mazmanian & Sabatier in the policy analysis triangle perspective. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data analysis was carried out by open coding using the QDA Miner Lite application. The results show that the implementation of policy as a whole is in accordance with existing regulations, from the local government and Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) related to working together, but many obstacles have been experienced so that have not reached their goals and the Perbup needs to be revised so that it is in accordance with the latest Presidential Regulation that is Perpres No.72 of 2021.Keywords : Countermeasures; Policy Implementation; Stunting
Implementasi Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) di Masa Pandemi COVID-19 pada FKTP di Kota Malang Ayu Tyas Purnamasari; Herlinda Dwi Ningrum
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.81641

Abstract

Penyakit kronis seperti hipertensi dan diabetes melitus tipe II menempati tiga penyakit tidak menular tertinggi di Indonesia yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Pasien COVID-19 dengan komorbid hipertensi dan diabetes melitus tipe II berisiko mengalami gejala berat seperti gagal napas hingga kematian. Oleh karena itu, pelaksanaan kegiatan program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (Prolanis) selama masa pandemi tetap harus terlaksana melalui berbagai penyesuaian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana implementasi kegiatan Prolanis pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di FKTP di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen, dan focus group discussion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aspek sumber daya manusia, sarana prasarana, anggaran, dan SOP di FKTP sudah memadai. Beberapa kegiatan mengalami perubahan selama pandemi, seperti kegiatan senam yang ditiadakan dan edukasi serta konsultasi medis dilaksanakan secara online untuk menghindari kerumunan. Output kegiatan Prolanis adalah terdapat Puskesmas yang sudah memenuhi capaian Rasio Peserta Prolanis Terkendali dan ada Puskesmas yang belum mencapai target tersebut.
Policy Analysis of Healthy Community Movement (Germas) during Pandemi COVID-19 in Yogyakarta Tri Siswati; Herni Endah Widyawati; Supriyati Supriyati; Fahmi Baiquni; Ratri Wardhani; Riadini Rahmawati
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.83311

Abstract

The social environment, including policies, is one of the instruments to encourage health promotion toward a healthy life, preventing and controlling COVID-19. This was to analyze the content, process, content and policy actors related toThe Healthy Community Movement (Germas) and the prevention of COVID-19 in Yogyakarta.We apply a-qualitative research of policy. We apply rapid assessment procedures (RAP) using focus group discussion (FGD) and desk review to observe various of policy from the government website. Research conducted in Yogyakarta from March to May 2021. Data was analysis by qualitative content analysis based on content, process, context, and actor categories. Results showed that policies related to Germas already exist at all levels, both national, provincial and district/city locally. According to policy content, Germas was movement to promote the culture/behavior of healthy living based on community empowerment, that were 7 points were physical activity, consuming fruits and vegetables, not smoking, not consuming alcoholic beverages, early detection and medical examination routine, clean healthy and lifestyle, and using toilet. Base on process, there were national, provincial, and local policy level. At the national level there was presidential instructions, regulations of the minister of national development planning, while governor's, regent’s policy at level province and region respectively. Locally, some policy regulate special context on COVID-19 preventing and controlling to increase awareness of the risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection in Yogyakarta. The policy actors were all of local government organizations, universities, CSR, and community. The conclusion is The Special Region of Yogyakarta already has many policies covering various sectors of life to support the implementation of Germas in the pandemic era and has been carried out by stakeholders, CSR, universities, and all of government
How Indigenous Peoples Respond to the Mandatory Vaccination Policy on COVID-19 Hersa Endah Pratiwi; Firman Firman
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: The crisis of the COVID-19 outbreak which claimed millions of human lives has prompted various responses from the global community. The COVID-19 Vaccination Policy is one of the Indonesian government's breakthroughs in responding to the outbreak crisis. This is regulated in Kepres No. 14, 2021 years which regulates the obligation of vaccines for every Indonesian citizen, including sanctions for refusing. The process of implementing this rule faces pros and cons among indigenous peoples. One of the main causes is the unmanaged public communication from the government, so that the information that reaches the public tends to be confusing. In the end, this triggered a negative response from the indigenous community, which even tended to strongly oppose vaccination policies that were considered to have a negative impact on health, including threats of administrative sanctions and fines imposed on individuals and communities who refused vaccines. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of the Bayan Traditional Village community towards the mandatory COVID-19 vaccination policy. Research Methods: A qualitative study using an ethnographic design, that focuses on assessing perceptions according to values and socio-culture of the indigenous people of Bayan, North Lombok, regarding the mandatory COVID-19 vaccination policy. Sampling was carried out purposively, with a total of 29 informants from the category of stakeholder groups, women's groups, youth groups, traditional leaders, village heads, and heads of health centers. The sampling technique was FGD (focus group discussions) according to the distribution of informants. Results: Indigenous Peoples consider that the mandatory COVID-19 vaccination policy is a government program that needs to be supported by the community to prevent and reduce transmission of COVID-19. Although, indigenous peoples also admit that they are more afraid of administrative sanctions such as delays in social assistance such as the BLT/ PKH Programs, and including following appeals from traditional leaders, and the COVID-19 task force. In other words, indigenous peoples do not object to the obligation to vaccinate, but they also believe that there is a right and opportunity to postpone and wait for non-participation for reasons that they are still healthy, will not travel, and are not yet a priority. Conclusion: The Task Force and Puskesmas officers have a strategic function to provide complete education and information to indigenous peoples, and the involvement of traditional leaders is very effective in increasing community participation, at best minimizing the potential for negative responses or community rejection of the obligation to vaccinate.
Analysis of Policy Implementation of Minimum Service Standards in the Field of Health Indicators of Health Services for People with Diabetes Mellitus in Magelang Regency Nika Maya Agustina; Yodi Mahendradhata; Likke Prawidya Putri
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.84260

Abstract

In order to overcome diabetes, the government set some laws and regulations. One of them is Government Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning minimum service standards. SPM for Health is regulated in Permenkes number 4 of 2019. District / City Health SPM consists of 12 indicators. One of the indicators is health care in patients with diabetes mellitus according to the standard. Magelang regency is the third lowest Regency in 2020 with achievements of only 41.9 percent and 59.75 percent in 2021. Necessary analysis related factors inhibiting and supporting implementation. This study was conducted by the method of Qualitative content analysis. Using in-depth interview techniques, field observation and secondary data retrieval.The results of the study there are variations between the achievement of SPM Puskesmas. factors inhibiting the achievement of SPM in the field of health indicators of health services in patients with diabetes mellitus in Magelang regency is the lack of availability of budget, infrastructure and Human Resources, community characteristics and lack of understanding and knowledge both from the organizers and users. Supporting factors for the achievement of SPM in the field of health indicators of health services for people with diabetes mellitus in Magelang regency are leadership support and the chosen policy strategy.
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang Kota Kupang Eka Muftiana Rahmawati; Serlie K. A. Littik; Christina R. Nayoan
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.84695

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga merupakan program yang menitikberatkan peran keluarga untuk mengoptimalkan pelayanan kesehatan berbasis keluarga. Capaian IKS Puskesmas yang masih rendah dan tidak mengalami perubahan sejak proses pendataan mendorong penulis untuk melihat lebih dalam proses implementasi PIS-PK di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang.Tujuan :  Penelitian  ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi PIS-PK di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang  dari segi komunikasi, sumber saya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi.Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif Pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kepada informan kunci, dan dilakukan analisis data melalui tahapan reduksi, pemusatan data, verifikasi dan analisis naratif untuk tentang model implementasi meliputi variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi.Hasil : Implementasi PIS-PK masih belum masimal dari variabel komunukasi kepada pelaksana kebijakan, sumber daya manusia dan anggaran, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi baik pimpinan puskesmas dan dinas kesehatan kotaSaran : perlu adanya koordinasi antara pelaksana, dinas kesehatan, lintas sektor dan sasaran tentang tujuan pelaksanaan PIS-PK sehingga dapat saling memberikan motivasi dan saling sinergi dalam perbaikan pelaksanaan implemtasi sebelumnya untuk capaian indeks keluarga sehat sesuai target keluarga kategori sehat. 

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