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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Core Subject : Science,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Articles 12 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 45, No 04 (2013)" : 12 Documents clear
Organophosphate insecticide susceptible test and transovarial transmission detection of dengue virus on Aedes aegypti in Kendari Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, Muhaimin Saranani Sitti Rahmah Umniyati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (968.716 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201303

Abstract

Dengue Fever (DF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus that transmitted by Aedes aegypti(Ae. Aegypti) and Ae. albopictus. Dengue fever is now one of the most important public healthproblems in Indonesia. Vector control using insecticides is the most important strategy to controlthe DF. Massal fogging and selective abatisation have implementedd intensively to control Ae.aegypti. However after its a long time implementation, mosquitoes resistance and transovarialtransmission have been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility statusof Ae. aegypti to organophosphate and its ability to transovarial transmit degue virus in KendariCity, South East Sulawesi. This was a observational study using cross-sectional design conductedin high endemic areas (Kadia Village) and low endemic areas (Kambu Village). Susceptibilitystatus of Ae. aegypti larvae from F1’s egg generation was evaluated by biochemic assay, whereasthe transovarial transmission of dengue virus of adult female Ae. aegypti was evaluated byimmunohistochemistry method using head squash preparation. The results showed that the Ae.aegypti larvae resistant was higher in high endemic areas (Kadia Village) (83.33%) than in lowendemica areas (Kambu Village) (60.00%). In addition, transovarial transmission index (TTI) ofAe. aegypti dengue virus in the high endemic areas (26%) was significantly higher than in thelow endemic areas (12%) (p<0.05). In conclusion, the Ae. aegypti larvae resitance toorganophosphate as well as the TTI in high endemic areas is higher than in low endemic area inKendari, Sout East Sulawesi.
Chronic constipation as a risk factor of urinary tract infection in children Pungky Ardany Kusuma, Irna Fajri Syahny Mohammad Juffrie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.482 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201306

Abstract

The prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is still quite high. In Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital, Yogyakarta the incidence of UTI is reported about 3.5%. One of the riskfactors of the incidence of UTI is chronic constipation. However, it is often not a concern in themanagement of UTI pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence ofchronic constipation in increasing the risk of UTI in children. This was an observational studywith case-control design. Children with symptoms of UTI who visited at the Installation of ChildHealth, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta underwent dipstick urinalysis test and urineculture examination. Patients who showed positive urine culture was included in the case group,meanwhile patients who showed negative urine culture was included in the control group. Allpatients were then asked the history of the chronic constipation. The association between theconstipation and the incident of UTI was evaluated using bivariate analysis continued bymultivariate analysis. One hundred and twenty eight eligible subjects consisting 64 subjects ineach group were involved in this study. Statistical analysis showed that children with chronicconstipation have a 3.77 times higher risk of UTI (OR=3.77; 95%CI=3.21-4.32) compare tothose without constipation. Furthermore, the chronic constipation remained to be independentrisk factor of UTI. The incidence of UTI increased 3.99 times higher in children with constipationcompare to those without constipation (aOR=3.99; 95% CI=1.028-15.48). In conclusion, chronicconstipation has been proven to be a risk factor of UTI in children
Sensitivity of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to white blood cell count (WBC) as a predictor of surgical site infection in patients undergoing major surgery Supomo, Felix Hangandi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (283.341 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201302

Abstract

Early diagnosis and treatment of infections is essential in the care of the surgical patients. Rapidand appropriate diagnosis for an infection can prevent irrational use of antibiotics in the surgicalcare. A blood culture is a standard method to detect and identify bacteria causing the infections.However, it is time-consuming to confirm the results. Therefore, an alternative method thatsensitive and specific to reduce the time necessary to confirm the laboratory report is urgentlyneeded. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of C-reactiveprotein (CRP) with white blood cell (WBC) count as a predictor of surgical site infection (SSI) inpatients who underwent major surgery. This was a descriptive analytical study with a prospectiveobservational design involving patients who underwent major surgery in Department of Surgery,Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta between Octobers until December 2011. On the thirdday post operative surgery, serum CRP level and WBC were measured. In addition, bacterialculture from the surgical wound of patients who suffered SSI, according to Centers for DiseaseControl (CDC) criteria, was performed. Among 49 patients who involved in this study, 16patients (32.7%) suffered from SSI consisting 12 cases of superficial SSIs and 4 cases of deepSSIs. Among 9 patients who had an abnormal WBC count, 6 patients experienced SSI, whileamong 9 patients who had CRP serum levels above 8 mg/dL, 7 patients suffered from SSI. Thesensitivity and specificity of serum CRP levels in predicting SSI was 43.75% and 93.93%,respectively. Whereas the sensitivity and specificity of WBC was 31.25% and 87.87%,respectively. In conclusion, CRP is more sensitive and specific than WBC in predicting SSI inpatients who underwent major surgery.
Efficacy of pethidine 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg body weight as an adjuvant of intrathecal bupivacaine 0.5% 10 mg in preventing shivering Djayanti Sari, Nur Hesti Kusumasari IG Ngurah Rai Artika
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (371.512 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201305

Abstract

Shivering related with spinal anesthesia commonly occurs in patients. It is not only uncomfortablefor the patients, but also related to some complication. The efficacy of pethidine in the preventionof shivering is well known. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intrathecalpethidine 0.1 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 0.2 mg/kg BW as shivering-prevention drug afterspinal anesthesia. This was a randomized, double-blind controlled trial study involving 196subjects between the age 18-40 years with ASA physical status I-II, gestional age 37-42 weeks,BW of 40-70 kg or Body Mass Index (BMI) <30 kg/m2, body height >145 cm who underwent acaesarean delivery section with spinal anesthesia based of World Health Organization (WHO)procedure in cesarean delivery in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta and affiliated hospital.Subjects were divided into two groups with 98 subjects of each group. Group A was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BW, and Group B was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW in the same volume (2.5 mL).The seubjects were observed for the incidence and severity of shivering and side effects ofpehtidine. The results showed that the incidence of shivering in Group A (35.70%) was significantlygreater than in Group B (22.44%) (p<0.05). However, the onzet an duration of shivering werenot significantly different in both groups (p>0.05). Moreover, the incidence of nausea andvomiting in Group A (8.33%) was significantly lower than Group B (22.45%). In conclusion,pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW is more effective to preven shivering than pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BWalthough the incidence of its side effects is more higher.
The relationship between sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and tumor size, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) expression and histological grading in rat breast carcinoma induced by dimethylbenz()anthracene (DMBA) Harjadi, Irianiwati, Sitarina Widyarini, Novrita Padauleng Dewajani Purnomosari, Sri Herwiyanti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2060.833 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201301

Abstract

Controversy regarding the role of SIRT1 in pathology of cancers exists and is still under debate.SIRT1 could act as either a tumor supressor or tumor promotor. This study was conducted toevaluate the relationship between SIRT1 expression and tumor size, Proliferating Cell NuclearAntigen (PCNA) expression and histological grading in rat breast carcinoma induced bydimethylbenz(á)anthracene (DMBA). Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocatedinto three groups with 10 rats in each group. Group 1 as negative control was just fed thestandard food. Group 2 as vehicle control was fed the standard food and corn oil. Group 3 asinduction group was fed the standard food and induced with DMBA at dose of 20 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) in corn oil twice a week for five weeks. All rats were palpated weekly to determinethe appearance, size and location of tumors. Sixteen weeks after DMBA induction rats weresacrified and histological preparations of the breast carcinoma tissue were then processed forSIRT1 and PCNA expression examination as well as histological grading. The result showed thatSIRT1 expression was significantly higher in breast carcinoma tissue compared to normal gland(26.12 vs 0.05; p = 0.004). SIRT1-positive was observed mostly in poor histological gradecarcinomas (56.2%), and it was not observed in good histological grade carcinomas. However,there was no significantly difference between SIRT1 and histological grading (p = 0.097; r =0.285). A significant correlation between SIRT1 expression and the tumor size (p =0.009; r=0.877), as well as PCNA expression (p =0.000; r =0.790) was observed. In conclusion, thereis relationship between SIRT1 expression and tumor size as well as PCNA expression in rat breastcarcinoma induced by DMBA.
Structural evaluation and animal implantation of porous eggshell wastederived hydroxyapatite graft as bone substitution Rahadyan Magetsari, Yudha Mathan Sakti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2484.881 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201304

Abstract

The development of hydroxyapatite graft with high economically value is needed for orthopedic practice in developing countries. Eggsell waste is well known as natural substance for calcium resource. It has been used as raw material in producing hydroxyapatite. This study was conducted to synthesize porous hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste and evaluate its activity as bone substitution. The porous hydroxyapatite graft was manufactured from eggshell and sugar as a raw material using hydrothermal process. The porous eggshell waste-derived hydroxyapatite (EW-HAP) graft was characterized using X ray difractometer (XRD) and analytical scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared with commercial hydroxyapatite (HAP) JCPDS 09-432 graft (Bangros®) as standard. The porous EW-HAP graft obtained was then implanted on critically sized femoral defects surgically created in the right thigh of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Bangros® as control. Radiological examination using XRD and histological examination using hematoxyline-and-eosin staining of the bone femour were performed at 28 days after implantation. The results showed that the XRD pattern for EW-HAP was likely similar with the HAP standard. However, the SEM examination showed that the pasticle size of EW-HAP graft (2.5-3 μm) was higher than those HAP standard graft (1.5-2 μm). Radiographs according to the International of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) radiological evaluation system between EW-HAP graft (6.1 ± 1.45) and HAP control graft (6.9 ± 2.10) was not significantly different (p>0.05). Moreover, histological examination according to Lane and Shandu scoring system between the both graft (4.0 ± 0.94 versus 4.4 ± 0.92) was also not significantly different (p>0.05). It can be concluded that the structure EW-HAP graft is similar with HAP graft standard. The both grafts have also equal outcome as bone substitution.
Organophosphate insecticide susceptible test and transovarial transmission detection of dengue virus on Aedes aegypti in Kendari Muhaimin Saranani; Sitti Rahmah Umniyati; Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (968.716 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201303

Abstract

Dengue Fever (DF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus that transmitted by Aedes aegypti(Ae. Aegypti) and Ae. albopictus. Dengue fever is now one of the most important public healthproblems in Indonesia. Vector control using insecticides is the most important strategy to controlthe DF. Massal fogging and selective abatisation have implementedd intensively to control Ae.aegypti. However after its a long time implementation, mosquitoes resistance and transovarialtransmission have been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility statusof Ae. aegypti to organophosphate and its ability to transovarial transmit degue virus in KendariCity, South East Sulawesi. This was a observational study using cross-sectional design conductedin high endemic areas (Kadia Village) and low endemic areas (Kambu Village). Susceptibilitystatus of Ae. aegypti larvae from F1’s egg generation was evaluated by biochemic assay, whereasthe transovarial transmission of dengue virus of adult female Ae. aegypti was evaluated byimmunohistochemistry method using head squash preparation. The results showed that the Ae.aegypti larvae resistant was higher in high endemic areas (Kadia Village) (83.33%) than in lowendemica areas (Kambu Village) (60.00%). In addition, transovarial transmission index (TTI) ofAe. aegypti dengue virus in the high endemic areas (26%) was significantly higher than in thelow endemic areas (12%) (p<0.05). In conclusion, the Ae. aegypti larvae resitance toorganophosphate as well as the TTI in high endemic areas is higher than in low endemic area inKendari, Sout East Sulawesi.
Chronic constipation as a risk factor of urinary tract infection in children Irna Fajri Syahny; Mohammad Juffrie; Pungky Ardany Kusuma
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.482 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201306

Abstract

The prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is still quite high. In Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital, Yogyakarta the incidence of UTI is reported about 3.5%. One of the riskfactors of the incidence of UTI is chronic constipation. However, it is often not a concern in themanagement of UTI pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence ofchronic constipation in increasing the risk of UTI in children. This was an observational studywith case-control design. Children with symptoms of UTI who visited at the Installation of ChildHealth, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta underwent dipstick urinalysis test and urineculture examination. Patients who showed positive urine culture was included in the case group,meanwhile patients who showed negative urine culture was included in the control group. Allpatients were then asked the history of the chronic constipation. The association between theconstipation and the incident of UTI was evaluated using bivariate analysis continued bymultivariate analysis. One hundred and twenty eight eligible subjects consisting 64 subjects ineach group were involved in this study. Statistical analysis showed that children with chronicconstipation have a 3.77 times higher risk of UTI (OR=3.77; 95%CI=3.21-4.32) compare tothose without constipation. Furthermore, the chronic constipation remained to be independentrisk factor of UTI. The incidence of UTI increased 3.99 times higher in children with constipationcompare to those without constipation (aOR=3.99; 95% CI=1.028-15.48). In conclusion, chronicconstipation has been proven to be a risk factor of UTI in children
Sensitivity of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to white blood cell count (WBC) as a predictor of surgical site infection in patients undergoing major surgery Felix Hangandi; . Supomo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (283.341 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201302

Abstract

Early diagnosis and treatment of infections is essential in the care of the surgical patients. Rapidand appropriate diagnosis for an infection can prevent irrational use of antibiotics in the surgicalcare. A blood culture is a standard method to detect and identify bacteria causing the infections.However, it is time-consuming to confirm the results. Therefore, an alternative method thatsensitive and specific to reduce the time necessary to confirm the laboratory report is urgentlyneeded. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of C-reactiveprotein (CRP) with white blood cell (WBC) count as a predictor of surgical site infection (SSI) inpatients who underwent major surgery. This was a descriptive analytical study with a prospectiveobservational design involving patients who underwent major surgery in Department of Surgery,Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta between Octobers until December 2011. On the thirdday post operative surgery, serum CRP level and WBC were measured. In addition, bacterialculture from the surgical wound of patients who suffered SSI, according to Centers for DiseaseControl (CDC) criteria, was performed. Among 49 patients who involved in this study, 16patients (32.7%) suffered from SSI consisting 12 cases of superficial SSIs and 4 cases of deepSSIs. Among 9 patients who had an abnormal WBC count, 6 patients experienced SSI, whileamong 9 patients who had CRP serum levels above 8 mg/dL, 7 patients suffered from SSI. Thesensitivity and specificity of serum CRP levels in predicting SSI was 43.75% and 93.93%,respectively. Whereas the sensitivity and specificity of WBC was 31.25% and 87.87%,respectively. In conclusion, CRP is more sensitive and specific than WBC in predicting SSI inpatients who underwent major surgery.
Efficacy of pethidine 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg body weight as an adjuvant of intrathecal bupivacaine 0.5% 10 mg in preventing shivering Nur Hesti Kusumasari; IG Ngurah Rai Artika; Djayanti Sari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (371.512 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004504201305

Abstract

Shivering related with spinal anesthesia commonly occurs in patients. It is not only uncomfortablefor the patients, but also related to some complication. The efficacy of pethidine in the preventionof shivering is well known. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intrathecalpethidine 0.1 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 0.2 mg/kg BW as shivering-prevention drug afterspinal anesthesia. This was a randomized, double-blind controlled trial study involving 196subjects between the age 18-40 years with ASA physical status I-II, gestional age 37-42 weeks,BW of 40-70 kg or Body Mass Index (BMI) <30 kg/m2, body height >145 cm who underwent acaesarean delivery section with spinal anesthesia based of World Health Organization (WHO)procedure in cesarean delivery in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta and affiliated hospital.Subjects were divided into two groups with 98 subjects of each group. Group A was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BW, and Group B was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW in the same volume (2.5 mL).The seubjects were observed for the incidence and severity of shivering and side effects ofpehtidine. The results showed that the incidence of shivering in Group A (35.70%) was significantlygreater than in Group B (22.44%) (p<0.05). However, the onzet an duration of shivering werenot significantly different in both groups (p>0.05). Moreover, the incidence of nausea andvomiting in Group A (8.33%) was significantly lower than Group B (22.45%). In conclusion,pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW is more effective to preven shivering than pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BWalthough the incidence of its side effects is more higher.

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