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JURNAL PEMULIAAN TANAMAN HUTAN

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Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan

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Core Subject : Agriculture,

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan" : 8 Documents clear

HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN Shorea gysbertsiana DENGAN TIGA JENIS Shorea PENGHASIL TENGKAWANG LAINNYA BERDASARKAN PENANDA RAPD Purnamila Sulistyawati; AYPBC Widyatmoko
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

The Shorea tengkawang species; Shorea pinanga, S. stenoptera, S. macrophylla and S. gysbertsiana known for their high-value wood and non-wood products. Shorea tengkawang produces tengkawang oil which usually used as a raw material and supporting material for the manufacture of food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. This study determines the genetic relationship of S. gysbertsiana to another three Shorea species uses RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA) specific loci. There were 13 specific alleles obtained from 6 RAPD primers. Among these specific alleles, there were 8 loci shared between S. gysbertsiana and S. macrophylla, and 2 loci shared with S. stenoptera. There were no specific loci shared between S. gysbertsiana and S. pinanga. This study found one specific locus for S. gysbertsiana and one specific locus between S. stenoptera and S. pinanga. These results revealed a very close genetik relationship of S. gysbertsiana to S. macrophylla and S. stenoptera.The specific loci found in this study can be used to support the morphological identification, also for supporting conservation program of these four Shorea species.

REGENERASI PERAKARAN PLANTLET IN VITRO DAN EX VITRO PADA KULTUR JARINGAN CENDANA (Santalum album) Asri Insiana Putri; Toni Herawan
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jpth.2018.12.2.143-150

Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) is one of the important hemiparasite species due to its high value essential oil for pharmaceutical industries. However, since1998 this species has been categorized as vulnerable by the IUCN Red List. The propagation of cendana has been hampered by inadequacy in regeneration, either through sexual or vegetative propagation. Regeneration of cendana through in vitro technique is still limited due to the difficulty in rooting and acclimatization. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of clones, in vitro and ex vitro techniques on the primary and secondary root development. Two clones of cendana: Clone A.III.4.14 and WS28 were tested in Gresshoff & Doy culture media enriched by IBA 20 mg/l; IAA 0.15 mg/l and kinetin 0.15 mg/l. Root development was observed for six months of culture for in vitro and three months after acclimatization in a greenhouse for ex vitro. The results of this study showed that Clone A.III.4.14 formed primary root in lower percentage rate (41.85%) than Clones WS28 (60,44%), on the contrary it grew secondary root in higher percentage rate (58.15%) than Clone WS28 (39,56%). The ex vitro following the acclimatization showed that the root hairs grew only in the plantlets which formed secondary root during in vitro. This result indicates an important of clone’s selection for secondary root development during in vitro to obtain a better root system in the success of acclimatization of cendana.

SELEKSI DAN PEROLEHAN GENETIK PADA UJI KETURUNAN NYAWAI (Ficus variegata Blume) DI BANTUL Liliek Haryjanto; Prastyono Prastyono; Yayan Hadiyan
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Nyawai (Ficus variegata Blume) is a fast growing species which is promising for forest industrial plantation. Tree improvement of nyawai was then initiated through some progeny trials involving wide range of genetic base in Bantul. Study on initial growth reported that nyawai originated from Cilacap-Pangandaran showed higher genetic variation than those from other locations. However, further growth performance including the effect of selection in the progeny trial was not reported. This study was aimed to observe the growth and genetic parameter of nyawai in the progeny trial at advanced age. The genetic gain resulted from series of within plot selection was also estimated. The design of progeny trial was a randomized complete block with 19 families from Cilacap-Pangandaran, 4 non-contiguous tree-plot, 7 blocks at spacing of 5 m × 5 m. The observed traits were height, diameter at breast height and volume at four years of age. The results of study showed that survival rate was high at 89%. The mean annual increment for height, diameter and volume were 1.52 m/yr; 2.35 cm/yr and 8.65(×10-3) m3/yr, respectively. The proportion of variance to the total variance for family, plot and within plot ranged from 0.06% to 2.10%, 25.54% to 27.50% and 70.57% to 73.91%, respectively. In general, narrow-sense heritability for individual, family and within family were low. Genetic gain from within family selection that was practiced as within plot selection using selection ratio 25% were also low ranging from 0.19% to1.91% for all traits.

PENGARUH MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DAN INANG Portulaca sp. TERHADAP AKLIMATISASI PLANTLET CENDANA (Santalum album L.) Toni Herawan; Asri Insiana Putri
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) produces high-value aromatic timbers that are needed in various industries. Cendana is proclaimed by IUCN including critically endangered tree species. Tissue culture for conservation and propagation of cendana is a promising technique to lessen endangered level and increase industrial raw material supply. The main problems of cendana tissue culture are stunted growth and high mortality of plantlet at acclimatization stage. The purpose of this research is to identify the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal application in acclimatization of cendana tissue cultured plantlets with and without hostplant. A.III.4.14 clones from Genetic Conservation Plot in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta were used as rooting plantlet material; Acaulospora sp. and Gigaspora sp. were used as MA isolates, and Portulaca sp. was used as hostplant. Sand and compost were used as media acclimatization in nurseries. Fungicide solution was used for sterilizing plantlets. Cendana plantlets were planted together with the host and MA added according to the treatment. Incubation was carried out in a greenhouse for 16 weeks. Observation of seedlings height was carried out 4 weeks after the polybag cover opened. The results of this study showed that 5 grams and 7 grams of mycorrhizal treatment on a cendana plantlet planted without Portulaca sp. produced the lower mortality (8%) after 12 weeks incubation. The best average seedling height growth was in 5 grams MA with hostplant (5,17 cm ±1,21) after 16 weeks incubation in green house. The results of this study prove the importance of exogenous mycorrhizal enrichment and hostplant in the acclimatization of cendana tissue culture.

INVENTARISASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT PADA Acacia auriculiformis DI YOGYAKARTA Nur Hidayati; Rina Laksmi Hendrati
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jpth.2018.12.2.105-113

Acacia auriculiformis is a fast growing species mostly planted in marginal lands with less intensive in cultivation. Problems found on A. auriculiformis cultivation include disease attacks which then caused a significant economic reduction on the plantation. The aim of this study is to determine causes, intensity and severity of the diseases attacking A. auriculiformis plants. The research was conducted on two observation plots, in the nursery and in clonal bank area established in Yogyakarta. Genetic materials planted in the plots were collected from clonally propagated of trees selected in second generation progeny trial of A. auriculiformis established in Wonogiri, Central Java. Observations of disease signs and symptoms in the two plots were undertaken with 100% plants inventories in rainy and dry seasons. Postulate Koch was then performed on this study to identify the pathogens. The result showed that the powdery mildew caused by Oidium sp. is a dominant disease attacking 100% A. auriculiformis both in the nursery and on clonal bank areas, occurring not only during the rainy season but also during the dry season. There were also other diseases attacking A. auriculiformis namely black mildew caused by Meliola sp, phomopsis, leaf spot disease caused by Phomopsis sp. and root rot disease caused by Ganoderma steyaertanum.

IDENTIFIKASI PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LODOH PADA SEMAI KALIANDRA (Calliandra callothyrsus) Nur Hidayati
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jpth.2018.12.2.135-142

Seedling quality is one of factors determining the success of forest management. Pathogen attack that causes disease in the nursery is one reason hindering the target of seedling provision. Therefore, disease outbreak in the nursery need to be properly studied to set precautionary or control measures. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify causes of damping off which cause the death of kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus) seedlings. A number of kaliandra seedlings from 30 gram seed of kaliandra, died due to damping off disease. Dead seedling samples were isolated then observed macroscopically and microscopically (examined under the microscope). Koch Postulate test was conducted to identify the disease causing the death of kaliandra seedlings. Identification results indicate that the causes of damping-off disease are Fusarium sp. and Rizoctonia solani.

PARAMETER GENETIK SIFAT PERTUMBUHAN DAN KERAPATAN KAYU KLON Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. DI DUA TAPAK YANG BERBEDA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR Achmad Ramadan; Sapto Indrioko; Eko Bhakti Hardiyanto
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Industrial forest plantations have an important role in fulfilling the wood demand. Based on global industrial development, the forest plantations industry will increase in the following years. Eucalyptus pellita has become main species in Indonesia forest plantations because it has a short cycle and wood products are suitable to forest industry. The average productivity of E. pellita plantations in Indonesia is still low and high variation. In an effort to increase the productivity, the first step is a better understanding of genetic control on growth and basic density. This study aims to determine the genetic parameters for growth and basic density of E. pellita clones on two different sites. The clonal trials was conducted at two different sites. Both clonal trial are designed using RCBD. The number of clones tested in both trial was 30, 5 blocks and 25 tree/plot. The result of the study showed that the effects of clones vary greatly according the enviromental conditions. The clones- environemntal interaction of growth trait is higher than the basic density. This is in line with genetic parameters of growth trait that are less stable than the basic density. The expected genetic gain of growth trait is higher than the basic density and at the same time there was a weak genetic correlation (there is even a negative) between growth trait and basic density. Therefore carefulness is needed in selecting clones when the two traits are used as selection parameters.

PENGUJIAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA UNTUK MENGETAHUI KESTABILAN GENETIK KLON JATI (Tectona grandis) ILG Nurtjahjaningsih; Toni Herawan; Reza Permatasari Rachma; Anto Rimbawanto
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jpth.2018.12.2.127-134

This study aimed to test RAPD markers to assess genetic stability of teak clones. Two experimental steps were carried out. First, nine RAPD markers were screened to verify the level of polymorphic loci; second, the polymorphic loci were applied to test genetic stability of clones. To test polymorphism levels of the primers, DNA was isolated from eight leaf samples that were collected from a seed orchard located at Watusipat, Gunung Kidul. To verify genetic stability of clones, DNA was isolated from leaf samples of 24 ramets of 3 clones after second sub-culturing. Results showed that amplification of 5 out of 9 RAPD primers were be consisten and produced 12 polymorphic loci. The number of polymorphic alleles per locus ranged between 1 and 3; the allele sizes were between 400 and 1,050 base pairs (bps). The percentage of polymorphic loci was 100%; it meant that overall loci have high polymorphism level. Based on these loci showed that the 24 ramets are clones; there was no somaclonal variation or high genetic stability. However, these loci need to be validated using more stable DNA markers.

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