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Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 1410959x     EISSN : 25280791     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian (JPPTP) adalah media ilmiah penyebaran hasil penelitian/pengkajian inovasi pertanian untuk menunjang pembangunan pertanian wilayah.Jurnal ini memuat hasil penelitian/pengkajian primer inovasi pertanian, khususnya yang bernuansa spesifik lokasi. Jurnal diterbitkan secara periodik tiga kali dalam satu tahun.
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PEMUPUKAN N, P, DAN K SPESIFIK LOKASI PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG nFN Syafruddin
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p119-133

Abstract

ABSTRACT Fertilizer Recommendation of N, P and K Site-Spesific Location for Maize Cropping in Gowa District, South Sulawesi. Agroecosystem of maize cropping areas in Indonesia is very varied. Site-specific fertilization can improve efficiency and productivity, increase farmer’s income and support sustainability of production system, environmental safety as well as saving energy resources. This research aimed to obtain fertilizer recommendation of N, P, and K for maize in specific location based on agro-ecosystem cropping areas. The research was carried out in Gowa district, South Sulawesi from March to September 2012. A survey method was used to collect data using questions in Nutrient Expert (NE) program forms. Average yield productivity of farmers’ field, yield potential or highest yield, physical and chemical properties of soil, crop management, fertilizers application at each maize cropping area were grouped and simulated using NE program to determine fertilizer dosage. Dosage obtained through NE simulation program then was used to analyze Marginal Rate of Return (MRR). Simulation results were feasible as recommended fertilizer if value of MRR >100%. Results of this research showed that site-specific fertilizer recommendation for maize in lowland of Gowa District were 190-210 kg N, 30-66 kg P2O5, and 33-55 kg K2O per hectare with MRR value at 180-479%, which could increase yield up to 3.3 t/ha; whilst on dryland,the dosage of N, P2O5 and K2O were 90-170 kg, 47-57 kg, 33-63 kg per hectare, respectively with MRR value 180-407%. It increased yield up to 2.7 t/ha. Although the fertilizer recommendations had a higher cost than existing fertilizer application at the farmers level, the gross revenue, income and RC ratio were higher than existing fertilizer application both in lowland and dryland. Recommended fertilizer dosages were able to decrease N fertilizer application in lowland up to 32.3 kg/ha, and on dryland 34.3 kg/ha. However, it also caused the increasing of P application by 35.7 kg and 36.4 kg K2O in lowland, whereas in dryland up to 31.5 kg P2O5/ha and 38.5 kg K2O. The recommendation of site specific fertilizer application is very useful and beneficial to increase maize productivity.   Keywords: fertilization, site-specific, cornABSTRAKAgroekosistem pengembangan jagung di Indonesia sangat beragam. Pemupukan spesifik lokasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan, produktivitas, pendapatan petani, mendukung keberlanjutan sistem produksi, kelestarian lingkungan, dan penghematan sumberdaya energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan rekomendasipemupukan N, P, dan K spesifik lokasi pada tanaman jagung berdasarkan agroekosistem lahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan Maret sampai September 2012. Metode survei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pertanyaan pada isian program Nutrient Expert (NE). Data rata-rataproduktivitas yang diperoleh petani, potensi hasil atau hasil tertinggi yang pernah dicapai, sifat fisik dan kimia tanah,pengelolaan tanaman, pemupukan pada masing-masing sentra pertanaman jagung dikelompokkan dan disimulasikanmenggunakan program NE untuk menentukan takaran pupuk. Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) selanjutnya dianalisis
PREFERENSI OLAHAN UBI JALAR UNGU DAN UBIKAYU DI KABUPATEN MADIUN PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR Aniswatul Khamidah
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p135-151

Abstract

ABSTRACTPreference of Processed Purple Sweet Potato and Cassava in Madiun District. ThroughSustainable Reserved Food Garden Model (SRFGM), women farmers group "Karya Mulya" was introduced to the technology of purple sweet potato and cassava processing, which have not been utilized optimally. This assessment aimed to determine the farmers’ acceptance of the introduced technologies, to know the most preferred product alongwith chemical and sensory quality and to know the ranking of product preferences with the influencing factors. This assessment was carried out in the Wonorejo village and Assessment Institute of Agricultural Technology (AIAT) East Java, using a randomized block design with 28 replicates. The treatments tested were purple sweet potato flour, purplesweet potato ice cream, purple sweet potato jams, purple sweet potato french fries, modified cassava flour, noodles, stick and brownies from modified cassava flour. Parameters observed were women farmer acceptance and preference of the processed technologies that have been introduced, the ranking of product preferences with the factors that influence and the nutrient composition. The assessment resulted that the farmers’ responses especially on the "easiness of processing" was 3.67-4.90; "easiness of obtaining raw materials" was from 3.38 to 4.95 (easy to very easy). The consumer preference value of the purple sweet potato products was on the range of 3.81 to 4.57 (like to very like). The rank of most preferred products were ice cream, french fries, jam and flour respectively. Ice cream had the highest preference containing of 64.93%; ash 2.15%; fat 2.20%; protein 2.94%; carbohydrate 27.78%; calories 142.70 cal/100 g and anthocyanins 0.23 mg/g. The panelist preference value of cassava products was between 4.05 and 4.524 (like to very like). For cassava product, the rank of the most favored products were brownies, noodles, stick and mocaf.Brownies encompassed the highest value with the water content of 30.11%; ash 1.78%; protein 5.88%; fat 19.20%;carbohydrates 43.02% and calories 368.43 cal/100 g. Factors that affecting adoption of technology are the simplicity of raw material (50%), easiness of process (44.44%), efficiency of labor (5.556%) and the simplicity of tool.Keywords: purple sweet potatoes, cassava, organoleptic testABSTRAKMelalui Kegiatan Model Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (M-KRPL), kelompok wanita tani (KWT) “Karya Mulya” diperkenalkan teknologi olahan ubikayu dan ubi jalar ungu, yang selama ini pemanfaatannya belum optimal.Pengkajian bertujuan mengetahui penerimaan wanita tani terhadap teknologi yang diintroduksikan, mengetahui produk yang paling disukai beserta mutu kimia dan ensorisnya, serta mengetahui peringkat kesukaan produk dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Wonorejo Kabupaten Madiun dan BPTP Jawa Timur, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), 28 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan yaitu tepung ubi jalar ungu, es krim ubi jalar ungu, selai ubi jalar ungu, french fries ubijalar ungu, tepung ubikayu termodifikasi, mie, stick dan brownies dari tepung ubikayu termodifikasi. Parameter yang diamati yaitu penerimaan dan preferensi wanita tani terhadap teknologi yang diintroduksikan, peringkat kesukaan produk dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya, sertakomposisi nutrisi produk terpilih. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian petani mengenai teknologi yang diintroduksikan terutama “kemudahan cara pengolahan”, “kemudahan memperoleh bahan baku” berturut-turut sebesar 3,67-4,90; dan 3,38-4,95 (mudah sampai sangat mudah). Tingkat kesukaan konsumen pada olahan ubi jalar ungusebesar 3,81-4,57 (suka sampai sangat suka). Urutan olahan ubi jalar ungu dari yang paling disukai yaitu es krim, french fries, selai, dan tepung ubi jalar ungu. Es krim menempati nilai kesukaan tertinggi, dengan nilai kadar air 64,93%; abu 2,15%; lemak 2,20%; protein 2,94%; karbohidrat 27,78%; kalori 142,70 kal/100 gr; dan antosianin 0,23mg/g. Tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap olahan ubikayu sebesar 4,05 sampai 4,524 (suka sampai sangat suka).Peringkat kesukaan olahan ubikayu dari yang paling disukai yaitu brownies, mie, stick dan tepung ubikayu termodifikasi. Brownies menempati nilai kesukaan tertinggi dengan nilai kadar air 30,11%; abu 1,78%; protein 5,88%; lemak 19,20%; karbohidrat 43,02% dan kalori 368,43 kal/100 gr. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi teknologi yaitu kesederhanaan bahan (50%), kemudahan proses (44,44%), efisiensi tenaga kerja (5,556%) dan kesederhanaan alat.Kata kunci: ubijalar ungu, ubikayu, uji organoleptik
ANALISIS FUNGSI KEUNTUNGAN PADA USAHATANI KEDELAI DI KABUPATEN GROBOGAN, JAWA TENGAH Dewi Sahara Sahara; Reni Oelviani; Ratih Kurnia
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p85-92

Abstract

ABSTRAK abstThe decline of harvested area and production of soybean in Grobogan District in period 2009 – 2013 were 10.48% and 5.12% per year, respectivelly. It was alleged related to the uncompetitive price of soybean at the farm level. This research aimed 1) to reveal the use and price of production input at the farm level and 2) to analyze the inputs price to the profit of soybean farming system. The research was conducted in Pulokulon District (Tuko and Sembungharjo Villages) and Gabus District (Gabus and Tlogo Tirto Villages) with survey method to 40 respondents from March to August 2014. The collected data were input and output of farming system, i.e land area, price of fertilizers, price of pesticides, wage of labor and price of soybean.  The data was analyzed using profit function. The result showing the production inputs that significantly affected the profit were the prices of fertilizers (Urea and Phonska), other costs and plantation areas; therefore, to develop soybean plants and increase the farming profits, it requires price guarantee of fertilizers and soybean and the introduction of soybean farming system technologies. ABSTRAKPenurunan luas panen dan produksi kedelai di Kabupaten Grobogan pada rentang waktu 2009 –2013 adalah 10,48% per tahun dan 5,12% per tahun. Penurunan tersebut diduga terkait dengan harga kedelai di tingkat petani yang kurang kompetitif. Penelitian bertujuan 1) mengungkapkan penggunaan dan harga input produksi di tingkat petani dan 2) menganalisis harga input produksi terhadap keuntungan usahatani kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Pulokulon (Desa Tuko dan Sembungharjo) dan Kecamatan Gabus (Desa Gabus dan Tlogo Tirto) Kabupaten Grobogan, Jawa Tengah. Pengkajian bersifat survei melibatkan 40 petani responden pada bulan Maret –Agustus 2014. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup data input dan output usahatani, yaitu luas lahan, harga pupuk, pestisida, upah tenaga kerja, dan harga kedelai. Analisis data menggunakan fungsi keuntungan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa harga input produksi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap keuntungan kedelai adalah harga pupuk Urea, pupuk Phonska, biaya lainnya, dan luas tanam. Dengan demikian, untuk mengembangkan tanaman kedelai danmeningkatkan keuntungan usahatani diperlukan adanya jaminan harga pupuk dan kedelai serta introduksi teknologi usahatani kedelai.Kata kunci: fungsi keuntungan, kedelai, input, output
PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI PANEN HUJAN DAN ALIRAN PERMUKAAN: ANALISIS USAHATANI PEMANFAATAN SUMBERDAYA AIR Adang Hamdani; Sidik Hadi Talaohu; Nani Heryani
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p153-165

Abstract

ABSTRACTDevelopment of Rainfall and Runoff Harvesting Technology: Farming System Analysis ofWater Resources Utilization. Application of rainfall and runoff harvesting in dry land could be increasing the availability of water resources, extending the growing season, and reducing the risk of loss yield. To create a sustainable water management, farmers participation were needed in its management. The objectives of the researchwere to study the impact of rainfall and runoff harvesting technology applications (channel reservoir) on farming system and to study the farmers perception on the existence of channel reservoir.The study was conducted in Limampoccoe village, Cenranae subdistrict, Maros distrisct, South Sulawesi province, from February to October 2012. The research was conducted by several steps namely: 1) the application of rainfall and runoff harvestingtechnology through channel reservoir, 2) analysis of the farming system and assessment of the farmer perception on the existence of channel reservoir. Result of the research showed that rainfall and runoff harvesting technology have been increasing the cropping intensity by changing the previous cropping pattern from rice-fallow-fallow into ricepeanuts-fallow and rice-watermelon-fallow. There was an increase in farmers' income after channel reservoir built and the farmers will be taken the responsibility to maintain the continuity of the channel reservoirs function.Keywords: rainfall and runoff harvesting, cropping intensity, farmers’ incomeABSTRAKAplikasi teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan di lahan kering dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan air, memperpanjang masa tanam, dan menekan risiko kehilangan hasil. Untuk menciptakan pengelolaan air berkelanjutan harus didukung peran serta masyarakat/petani dalam pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dampak aplikasi teknologi panen hujan (dam parit) terhadap usahatani dan melihat persepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dam parit. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Limampoccoe, Kecamatan Cenranae, Kabupaten Maros, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, pada bulan Pebruari sampai Oktober 2012. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui: 1) aplikasi pembangunan teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan melalui dam parit, 2) analisis usahatani dan penilaianpersepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dam parit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi panen hujan dan aliran permukaan dapat meningkatkan intensitas tanam dari pola tanam padi-bera-bera menjadi padi-kacang tanahbera dan padi-semangka-bera, dengan demikian terdapat peningkatan pendapatan usahatani setelah pembangunan damparit. Petani merasakan manfaat dam parit dan merasa bertanggung jawab dalam menjaga kelangsungan fungsi dam parit.Kata kunci: teknologi panen hujan, aliran permukaan, indeks pertanaman, pendapatan                       usahatani
KAJIAN CARA TANAM JEJER MANTEN DAN PUPUK HAYATI PADA USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN PESAWARAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG Robet Asnawi; Ratna Wylis Arief
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p93-102

Abstract

ABSTRACT Assessment of "Jejer Manten" Planting Technique and Biofertilizer on Rice Farming in Pasawaran District, Lampung Province. One of the efforts to increase productivity is the application of a good planting technique and biofertilizers. Assessment of rice planting techniques and the application of a biological fertilizer was conducted at Sukadadi village, Gedong Tataan district, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province, from May to September 2014. Size of each plot was 400 m2 with total area of 1 ha. The objective was to obtain an effective planting techtique and biological fertilizer to increase rice productivity and farmers income on rice farming. The treatments consisted of three factors i.e: planting techniques (S1 = “jajar tegel”, S2 = “jajar legowo” 2:1, and S3 = “jejer manten”) and dosage of biological fertilizers (D1 = 200 kg Urea + 300 kg NPK Phonska; D2 = 100 kg Urea + 150 kg NPK Phonska + 40 kg biological fertilizer; D3 = 200 kg Urea + 300 kg NPK Phonska + 40 kg biological fertilizer). Inpari 10 was used as the variety of rice. The experiment was arranged on the split plot design with three replications. The results showed that plant height and number of tillers produced by “jejer manten” planting technique were high, while length of panicle, number of grains/panicle, hollow of grain, and weight of 1.000 grains were not significantly different for all planting techniques. Rice productivity was not significantly affected by application of the biological fertilizer. Innovation of “jejer manten” planting techniques produced a higher productivity and farmers' income than “jajar tegel” and “jajar legowo” row 2:1 planting techniques. To increase rice productivity, “jejer manten” planting technique is potential to be applied and it does not require an extra cost for planting.   Keyword :rice, “jejer manten”, “jajar tegel”, “jajar legowo” 2:1, biological fertilizer ABSTRAK alah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas adalah dengan rekayasa cara tanam dan penggunaan pupuk hayati. Penerapan cara tanam jejer manten dan pupuk hayati pada tanaman padi sawah telah dilakukan di Desa Sukadadi, Kecamatan Gedong Tataan, Kabupaten Pesawaran mulai bulan Mei sampai September 2014. Luas masing-masing petakan adalah 400 m2 dengan total areal 1 ha. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penerapan cara tanam jejer manten dan pupuk hayati terhadap peningkatan produktivitas dan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah. Perlakuan terdiri atas tiga faktor yaitu cara tanam (S1 = jajar tegel, S2= jajar legowo 2:1, dan S3= jejer manten) dan dosis pupuk hayati (D1 = 200 kg Urea + 300 kg NPK Phonska; D2 = 100 kg Urea + 150 kg NPK Phonska + 40 kg pupuk hayati; D3 = 200 kg Urea + 300 kg NPK Phonska + 40 kg pupuk hayati). Varietas padi yang digunakan adalah Inpari 10. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan cara tanam jejer manten, sedangkan panjang malai, jumlah bulir/malai, gabah hampa, dan berat 1000 butir tidak berbeda nyata untuk semua perlakuan cara tanam. Pemberian pupuk hayati tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan produktivitas padi sawah. Inovasi teknologi cara tanam jejer manten menghasilkan produktivitas dan pendapatan petani yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jajar tegel dan jajar legowo 2:1. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi, teknik tanam jejer manten memiliki potensi untuk digunakan karena mudah diterapkan dan tanpa tambahan biaya tanam.Kata Kunci padi, jejer manten, jajar tegel, jajar legowo 2:1, pupuk hayati
EFEKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN KAKAO DI SULAWESI TENGGARA nFN Agussalim
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p167-176

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizers on Cocoa Productivity in Southeast Sulawesi. The study purposed to determine the effectiveness of the use of organic fertilizers on cocoa plants. The research was conducted in Andomesinggo Village, Besulutu Sub District, Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The study used a randomized block design with 5 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments for each trees consisted of: 1) 300 ginorganic fertilizers (phonska) + 150 g urea; 2) 250 g organic fertilizer + 225 g phonska + 112.5 urea; 3) 500 g organic fertilizer + 150 g phonska + 75 g urea; 4) 750 g organic fertilizer + 75 g phonska + 37.5 g urea; and 5) 1.000 g organic fertilizers. Observations were made on (1) the generative growth, namely; interest bearing, valve, the amount of fruit, and (2) the results, which include the dry weight of seed and plant productivity. Results of the study showed that (a) organic fertilizers can be combined with inorganic fertilizers, (b) provision of 250 g organic fertilizer + 225 g phonska + 112.5 g of urea and 500 g organic fertilizer Phonska + 150 g + 75 g of urea or 25% -50% organic fertilizer was the best combination and (c) the use of organic fertilizer on cocoa crop to be economically viable with the B/C > 0 or R/C > 1. The use of organic fertilizer gave positive effects to increase cocoa productivity through grain weight cocoa, however the productivity effectiveness level depends on the balance with a dose of urea and Phonska.Keywords: effectiveness, organic fertilizer, cocoa, environmentABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pupuk organik pada tanaman kakao. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Andomesinggo, Kecamatan Besulutu, Kabupaten Konawe, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuannya sebagai berikut;1) 300 g phonska pupuk anorganik + 150 g urea/pohon; 2) pupuk organik 250 g + 225 g phonska + 112,5 urea/pohon; 3) 500 g pupuk organik +150 g phonska+75 g urea/pohon; 4) 750 g pupuk organik + 75 g phonska + 37,5 g urea/pohon; dan 5) 1.000 g pupuk organik /pohon. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap (1) pertumbuhan generatif yaitu:bantalan bunga, pentil, jumlah buah, serta (2) hasil, yang meliputi bobot kering biji dan produktivitas tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa: (a) pupuk organik dapat dikombinasikan dengan pupuk anorganik, (b) pemberian 250 g pupuk organik + 225 g phonska + 112,5 g urea dan 500 g pupuk organik + 150 g phonska + 75 g urea atau 25%-50% pupuk organik merupakan kombinasi terbaik dan (c) penggunaan pupuk organik pada tanaman kakao secara ekonomi layak dengan B/C >0 atau R/C >1. Penggunaan pupuk organik berperan positif dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kakao melalui pengaruhnya pada pembentukan biji, namun tingkat efektivitasnya terhadap produktivitas tergantung pada keseimbangan dengan dosis pupuk phonska dan urea.Kata kunci: efektivitas, pupuk organik, kakao, lingkungan
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS DAN FAKTOR PENENTU INEFISIENSI USAHA PENGGEMUKAN SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN GORONTALO Ari Abdul Rouf; Soimah Munawaroh
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p103-118

Abstract

Technical Efficiency Analysis and The Determinants of Inefficiency Factors of Beef Cattle Fattening in Gorontalo District. Beef cattle farming in Gorontalo Province generally is managed by household farmers. However, smallholder cattle operations have several problems like low productivity, small bussiness scale and traditional management. The objectives of this study are to estimate level of technical efficiency of beef cattle production and to assess the effect of socio-economic factors on the technical efficiency. Thirty respondents in Tolangohula Sub district, Gorontalo District, Gorontalo Province were selected by accidental sampling method and analyzed using stochastic frontier production function. Results of the analysis showed that the beef cattle farming was feasible but the level of technical efficiency was low with an average efficiency index of 0.690. There were chances to increase in efficiency by 31%. Factors that affected the production of beef cattle were labors, forages and feeder cattleweight while the inefficiency was determined by the ownership status of the beef cattle and the intensity of the extension. Therefore, an access to resources such as technical training and access to an increased number of cattles through a capital increase needed to be developed.Keyword : beef cattle, technical efficiency, Gorontalo ABSTRAK Secara umum budidaya penggemukan sapi potong di Provinsi Gorontalo dikelola oleh peternak rakyat dengan ciri-ciri diantaranya produktivitas usaha rendah, skala usaha kecil dan pengelolaan tradisional. Usaha ini menjadi unggulan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi daging sapi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat efisiensi teknis dan faktor penentu inefisiensi usaha penggemukan sapi potong. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tolangohula, Kabupaten Gorontalo pada bulan Oktober-November 2013. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari 30 peternak yang dipilih dengan metode accidental sampling. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan fungsi produksi stokhastic frontier. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usaha penggemukan sapi potong layak diusahakan namun capaian efisiensi teknis usaha sapi potong masih rendah dengan nilai indeks efisiensi rata-rata sebesar 0,690. Faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi sapi potong yaitu tenaga kerja, pakan hijauan dan bobot bakalan. Sementara inefisiensi usahatani ditentukan oleh status kepemilikan sapi dan intensitas penyuluhan. Oleh karena itu, akses terhadap sumber informasi seperti pelatihan teknis dan akses terhadap peningkatan jumlah sapi melalui peningkatan modal perlu terus dikembangkan.Kata Kunci : efisiensi teknis, penggemukan sapi potong, faktor,faktor penentu inefisiensi,etani
MOBILISASI ALSINTAN BERDASARKAN KALENDER TANAM PADA BUDIDAYA PADI DI KABUPATEN GROBOGAN, JAWA TENGAH Trip Alihamsyah
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v19n2.2016.p177-188

Abstract

ABSTRACTMobilization of Agricultural Machines Based on Crop Calender for Rice Cultivation in Grobogan District, Central Java. Agricultural machines for rice production in Central Java especially Grobogan District are already intensively developed, but their utilization is still low. Optimalization use of those agricultural machines is needed to improve their performances. This research aimed: (i) To arrange mobilization concept of agriculturalmachines in order to optimize their use for rice cultivation in Grobogan District, and (ii) To analyze the deficit and working capacity of those agricultural machines after optimalization use through their mobilization. This research was focused on hand tractors and power threshers only, and was conducted in Grobogan District, in 2013. Data on lowland area and population of hand tractor and power thresher were collected from agricultural office of Grobogan District and its Sub-districts, meanwhile data dealing with agricultural machine’s performances were collected through interview with agricultural machines owner and UPJA using well structured questioners. The collected data were arranged in the form of table and map, and then analyzed using requirement and mobilization analyses. The results showed that through mobilization scenario of 20% available agricultural machines among sub-district with four different planting times in Grobogan District could improve the machine’s performance and could reduce their deficit. By mobilizing those agricultural machines for rice cultivation in Grobogan District, their deficit could be reduced up to >50%, meanwhile, working capacity of those machines could be increased from < 30 ha/year/unit before mobilization become 35,5 ha/year/unit after mobilization.Keywords: optimalization, mobilization, agricultural machines, crop calendar, rice ABSTRAKAlsintan untuk budidaya padi di Jawa Tengah khususnya di Kabupaten Grobogan sudah berkembang namun pemanfaatannya masih rendah. Mobilisasi alsintan antar wilayah berdasarkan kalender tanam diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatannya yang sekaligus meningkatkan kinerjanya. Tujuan kajian ini adalah: (1) Menyusun konsep mobilisasi alsintan berdasarkan kalender tanam untuk optimalisasi pemanfaatannya pada budidaya padi di Kabupaten Grobogan, dan (2) Menganalisis kekurangan dan kapasitas kerja alsintan setelah dilakukan mobilisasi.Kajian ini difokuskan kepada traktor tangan dan perontok padi di Kabupaten Grobogan pada tahun 2013. Data luas lahan sawah serta penyebaran traktor tangan dan perontok padi diperoleh dari kantor Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Kabupaten dan Kecamatan, sedangkan data primer kinerja alsintan dan jasa sewanya diperoleh melalui wawancara kepada pemilik alsintan dan UPJA di tiga kecamatan yang banyak alsintannya masing-masing tiga responden menggunakan daftar pertanyaan terstruktur. Data yang diperoleh disusun dalam bentuk tabel dan peta, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Kebutuhan Alsintan serta Analisis Mobilisasi Alsintan dan Analisis Kapasitas Kerja Alsintan. Konsep mobilisasi alsintan disusun berdasarkan perbedaan jadwal tanam menurut kalender tanam antar kecamatan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa melalui skenario mobilisasi 20% alsintan yang ada antar kecamatan dengan 4 jadwal tanam padi berbeda di kabupaten Grobogan dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan dan kinerja alsintan serta menekan kekurangan alsintannya. Dengan skenario mobilisasi alsintan tersebut, kekurangan traktor tangan dan perontok padi di Kabupaten Grobogan dapat ditekan sampai > 50%, sedangkan kapasitas kerja alsintannya dapat ditingkatkan dari awalnya < 30 ha/tahun/unit menjadi 35,5 ha/tahun/unit setelah mobilisasi.Kata kunci: optimalisasi, mobilisasi, alsintan, kalender tanam, padi

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