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INDONESIA
Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14128004     EISSN : 25408240     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Majalah Perspektif Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan yang memuat makalah tinjauan (review) fokus pada Penelitian dan kebijakan dengan ruang lingkup (scope) komoditas Tanaman Industri/perkebunan, antara lain : nilam, kelapa sawit, kakao, tembakau, kopi, karet, kapas, cengkeh, lada, tanaman obat, rempah, kelapa, palma, sagu, pinang, temu-temuan, aren, jarak pagar, jarak kepyar, dan tebu.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012" : 5 Documents clear
PROSPECT OF ESSENTIAL OILS DEVELOPED AS BOTANICAL PESTICIDES SRI YUNI HARTATI
Perspektif Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n1.2012.%p

Abstract

Some essential oils exhibit biological activities against microbes, insect pests, as well as vectors pathogens of human, animals, and plants. The properties of essential oils have been exploited and their products have been commercialized and widely used especially in food industries, such as additives and preservatives. Essential oils have a great potential for botanical pesticides, since their biological activities, effectivity, compatibility, target organisms, and environmentally-friendly. Some essential oil-base pesticides have been produced and widely used to control microbial pathogens, insect pests, and vector pathogens in the environment of houses, glass houses, and veteriner. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of most essential oil-based pesticides are generally low. In the other hand, they are also compatible with other control measures and produce free residues of agricultural products. However, essential oil-base pesticides have some barriers, as well as other botanical pesticides, especially in their stability and effectivity. In addition commercializing essential oil-based pesticides is limited, such as, in the scarcity of the row materials, there is a need for chemical standardization and quality control, and  difficulties in registration. If those barriers and constrains could be solved, essential oils would have a great potential to be developed in commercial scale. The development of essential oil-base pesticides in industrial and commercial scale hopefully would increase farmers income and devisa as well to reduce the use of synthetical pesticides, therefore environmental disasters  would be reduced. Key words: Essential oil, biological activity, microbes, insects, botanical pesticide
POTENTIAL OF SUPERIOR VARIETY KEMIRI SUNAN AS RESOURCES FOR BIODIESEL MATERIAL . SYAFARUDDIN; AGUS WAHYUDI
Perspektif Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n1.2012.%p

Abstract

Biodiesel needs to be developed seriously as an alternative energy due to decrease in fossil fuel resource. Biodiesel had been planned by OPEC to be one of energy supply resource. Kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) is one of potential crops for the biodiesel purpose. Besides containing high oil, it also has specific characteristics such as fast growing and vigority, wide range of elevation (from low to high lands), high productivity, and good for conservation crop. The first step had been done to save the potential genetic material of kemiri sunan by variety registry to Center for Plant Variety Protection dated 25 May 2009. Based on observation in two populations (Majalengka and Garut), rendemen of kernel oil of Jumat population (Kemiri Sunan 2 Variety), about 47.21-56.00% was better than Cinunuk and Banyuresmi populations (Kemiri Sunan 1 Variety), about 40.00-43.11% and 38.10-42.00%, respectively. In general, Kemiri Sunan 2 variety was good in performance, characteristics, and quality. Results of DNA analyses using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and 16 primers in Majalengka and Garut regions showed narrow variations of kemiri sunan accession. It was indicated by one group containing seven samples (Cinunuk, Cidadap, Cicalung, Waru, Kemiri Sunan 2 Variety, Babakan, and Widara) with the similarity level of 100%, while Bodas one with >90%. Other results showed that Kemiri Sunan 1 variety had wide variation and was separated far away from the other 8 samples with the similarity level of 65%. This phenomenon was interesting to be studied according to the possibility of this individual to have better genetic characteristic possibly useful as genetic material for breeding program. Conventional breeding will be success if hybridization among individual having wide genetic variation to obtain progeny with the wide variation as well. The new released variety of kemiri sunan can be used as a new alternative of biodiesel resource.  In addition, it is possible to gain added values by the utilization of existing germplasm resources.Key words: Reutealis trisperma (Blanco), high yielding varieties, alternative energy sources.
STRATEGIES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE COCONUT PRODUCTS LAY, ABNER; PASANG, PATRIK M.
Perspektif Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n1.2012.%p

Abstract

In line with problems, alternative solutions, and issues on national coconut, as well as the determinants factors on development, it is required practical strategy that can be implemented to gain success in future coconut product development. The development strategy may consist of the direction, goals, objectives, priorities, and development phases. Implementation includes the optimalization of farming, development and marketing products. Improvement of coconut products, that can be executed massively to the farmers group level and industry for local/domestic market, are young coconut products, coconut coktail, coconut jam, baby food supplements, soft drinks, nata de coco, coconut water sauce, coconut flour, virgin coconut oil, coconut shell charcoal, charcoal briquette, liquid smoke of coconut shell, coconut wood, and organic fertilizer. While the exporting goods are such as copra, white copra, raw coconut oil, coconut cake, desiccated coconut, and active charcoal.   Key words:  Coconut, farm business, industry, product diversification, farmers group
THE ROLE OF PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS FOR CONTROLLING COTTON LEAFHOPPER Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA) (HETEROPTERA: CICCADELIDAE) . NURINDAH
Perspektif Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n1.2012.%p

Abstract

Cotton leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula is a serious early-season cotton pest. It sucks plant sap, injects its toxic saliva, and causes hopper burn. Controlling the cotton leafhopper with aerial spray of insecticides causes another problem i.e., increasing population of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera as its natural enemies are also eliminated. So far, released-national-cotton varieties have been moderately resistant to the leafhopper and will not survive when the pest population is high. The use of systemic insecticide, through seed treatment before planting, could escape the leafhopper damage symptom until 60 days after planting, negatively affects to the development of natural enemies, and long term usages may cause damages to the environment. Indigenous parasitoids and predators can be used for controlling the leafhopper population effectively, efficiently, and environmentally friendly. The predominant parasitoids on cotton plantation are egg parasitoids, Anagrus spp., and predators are spiders, lady bird beetles, and predatory mired bugs. The role of parasitoids and predators could be optimized by increasing their population in the early season. This could be done by addition of their food sources through raising the vegetation diversity, spraying foods for predators and attractant for parasitoids and predators. Intercropping cotton with secondary food crops would increase vegetation diversity, increase predator population, and egg parasitism. It may also suppress the leafhopper population, maintain cotton-seed productivity, and leave out chemical insecticide spray.Key words: Amrasca biguttula, cotton, cotton leaf-hopper, parasitoid, predator.
DEVELOPMENT OF SEEDS INDUSTRY OF CASHEW YULIUS FERRY
Perspektif Vol 11, No 1 (2012): Juni 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v11n1.2012.%p

Abstract

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is very important to the economy of communities in marginal areas, such as provinces of NTT, NTB, South Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi. Demand of cashew keeps increasing, however, crop productivity is still low so that the production and farmers' income are not optimal yet. Low crop productivity is caused partly by old plant age, random seeds usage, and in-appropriate application of cultivation techniques. To increase production and productivity of the cashew nationally, Directorate General of Estate Plantation has developed a road map for development and rejuvenation of cashew crop until the year 2025, with an average area of 213,430 ha/year. Replanting development will require as many as 32,014,500 seed stems/year. High Producing Blocks are only capable of providing seed as much as 4.69% of the total need, while to cover the rest, it is required to construct 823.7 ha of plantation master. Parent garden can be built in areas of development centers, in the form of the parent composite garden consisting of 3-4 superior varieties. Area per farm holding should be not less than 100 ha or in accordance with the scale of the effort to stem the garden. Keynotes: Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), seed, superior variety, development

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