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Nexus Biomedika
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue " Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika" : 9 Documents clear
Interferon Gamma of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta Setyawan, Hanif Hary; Hudiyono, .; Marwoto, .; Prasetyo, Afiono Agung
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) produced by CD4+(Th1) T cells plays a critical role in immunityto tuberculosis infection. MDR-TB patients have decreased T cell IFN-γproduction capacity. Data of IFN-γ plasma level of MDR-TB patients in Indonesia, include its association with age and gender, are not yet known. This study was aimed to identify the profile of IFN-γ on plasma of MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta and its association with age and gender. Methods: Blood samples and medical record’s data from 43 MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological test was done to measure IFN-γtiter. Results: Twenty samples (46.5%, 20/43) had elevated IFN-γ level in their plasma. Elevated IFN-γ level was more likely to be found in women (OR 3.63; 95% CI 1.02-12.94) and respondentsaged 21-30 years (OR 4.5; 95% CI 0.79-25.57). No association between elevation of IFN-γ level with age (p = 0.450) and gender (p = 0.067). Conclusions: Elevated IFN-γ level was found in 46.5% of MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta.Elevated IFN-γ level was more likely to be found in women and respondents aged 21-30 years. Keywords: IFN-g, MDR-TB, Surakarta  
APOBEC3B Gene Deletion Status inMultidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis(MDR-TB) Patients in Dr. MoewardiGeneral Hospital in Surakarta Suryani, Fitri Ika; Prasetyo, Afiono Agung; ., Hudiyono
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Data of APOBEC3B gene deletion status in Indonesia are limited. Moreover, information aboutAPOBEC3B gene deletion status in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta was unknown. This study was aimed to know the APOBEC3B gene deletion status in MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta. In the future, this research was expected can be used as asupporting examination in chronic tuberculosis patients which tend to progressively become MDR-TB. Methods: Blood samples from 43 MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta were collected, DNA isolation was performed for all samples, followed by a single Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)to detectthe presentation of APOBEC3B gene deletion genotype. Results: APOBEC3B gene deletion genotype was detected in81.4%(35/43) samples. Conclusions: The APOBEC3B gene deletion genotype was frequently found in MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta. Keywords: APOBEC3B, deletion, MDR-TB
CCR2-V64IPolymorphism in Multidrug-Resistant TuberculosisPatients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta Monica, Windhy; Prasetyo, Afiono Agung; ., Marwoto
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Genetic variants of CCR2 (CC chemokine receptor type 2) are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), however its association with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to find out the status of CCR2-V64I polymorphisms among MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta. Methods: Blood samples from 36 MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta were subjected to DNA isolation. The DNA was genotyped for CCR2-V64I polymorphisms by a polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Results: The wild type (GG) was found in 21/36 (58%) samples. The heterozygous genotype (GA), homozygous genotype (AA), and A allele frequencies in the population respectively were 39%, 3%, and 22%. Conclusion: The frequency of mutant type (GA and AA) was found lower than the wild type (GG) in the population of MDR-TB patients. Keywords: CCR2-V64I, MDR-TB, Surakarta
The Difference of Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC) between Junior High School Students Living in High Altitude and Low Altitude Kurniawan, Fery Ardi; Suselo, Yuliana Heri; Randita, Amandha Boy Timor
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Environment will affect the condition and body’s ability to adapt. The difference of characteristics and environmental conditions between high altitude and low altitude causes the adaptation of body, in order to work normally. This adaptation causes change in many organ systems including the respiratory system. Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC) is the ratio between Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and predicted value of vital capacity. FVC is influenced by lung’s ability to compliance and recoil. The limitations on these ability will reduce the ability to inspire the air so it will be difficult to get oxygen. This research aimed to analyze the difference of %FVC between junior high school students living in high altitude and low altitude. Methods:This research was a cross-sectional observational analytic. The subjects were 30 male students of SMP Amal Mulya Tawangmangu Karanganyar (altitude 966 meters) and 30 male students of SMP Negeri 2 Kretek Bantul (altitude 15 meters). The subjects were selected by using non random purposive sampling and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data of %FVC were measured by Minato AutoSpiro AS.300 Spirometry. The data were analyzed using Independent t-test with significance level α = 95%. Results: Mean of %FVC of junior high school students in high altitude was 77.67 ± 8.806 whereas mean of that in low altitude was 76.38 ± 8.493 with  p = 0.564. Conclusions: There is no significant difference of %FVC between junior high school students living in high altitude and low altitude. Keywords: Forced Vital Capacity Ratio (%FVC), high altitude, low altitude, spirometry
The Diuretic Effect of Yellow Seeded-Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Extract in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Desiana, Dyah Tantry; Doewes, Muchsin; Ayusari, Amelya Augusthina
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) contains flavonoid and pottasium that have diuretic effect. This research aimed to find out the diuretic effect of yellow seeded-watermelon extract on the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental study using Posttest Only Group Design, done at Laboratory of Setia Budi University Surakarta from November 2014 to January 2015. The research subjects were 30 male white rats of Wistar Strain with age of ± 3 months old and ± 200 grams in weight. Samples were taken by purposive sampling. Watermelon was gotten from Jurug Fruit Market Surakarta. Before the treatment, rats were adapted for 5 days and fasted for 18 hours but still provided with drinking water. Yellow seeded-watermelon extract was given orally. The negative control group (KN) was given distilled water 3 ml and the positive control group (KP) was given hydrochlorothiazide 0.3 mg/200 gr of body weight.Test group I (KUI), II (KUII) and III (KUIII), in order,were given yellow seeded-watermelon extract at dose 35 mg, 70 mg and 140 mg per 200 gr of body weight. Rat urine volume was measured every 4 hours for 16 hours. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Results: The average of rat urine volume of KN, KP,KUI, KUII and KUIIIwere 1.247 ml, 5.987 ml, 2.315 ml, 3.357 ml and 4.570 ml, in order. The Mann Whitney test showed there were significant difference among KN, KP, KUI, KUII and KUIII at the first, second and third four hours. Conclusions: Yellow seeded-watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) extract has diuretic effect on the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The highest diuretic effect was at dose of 140 mg/200 gr of body weight. Keywords: Citrullus lanatus extract, diuretic effect, hydrochlorothiazide
Relation between Working Periods and Visual Acuity of Welder Bravery, Amirul Zakiya; Widyaningsih, Vitri; Afifah, Zulaika Nur
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Welding process can produce some lights radiation which is dangerous to the welder’s eyes. These lights are visible light radiation, ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation. These radiations can inflict damage to the eyes especially to the visual acuity of welder. There are some factors that contribute to the damage of welder’s eyes such as working periods . When welders have longer working duration then there will be also a greater risk of dangerous radiation from the welding process. The goal of this study was to know the association between working duration and visual acuity of welding worker. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design, which was held on November – December 2014 at Jebres District of Surakarta. Forty six subjects were acquired by exhausted sampling. Subject’s age was at 19-60 years old and the duration of working was 6-9 hours a day. Working duration data were obtained from interview and visual acuity was measured with optotypes Snellen chart. The data were analyzed using Spearman test for the bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Result: This study showed that working periods significantly associated with the visual acuity of welder, due to p-value of Spearman test showed p<0.001 (<0.05) and p-value of logistic regression showed p=0.005 (<0.05). Conclusion: There was an association between working duration and the visual acuity of welder. Welders who had a longer working period had a lower visual acuity Key Words: Welder, Visual Acuity, Working Duration. 
The Association between Exercise Activity and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) in Female College Students Yuliastuti, Afifah Novita; Balgis, .; Kusumawati, Ratna
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is illness manifestations caused by autonomic dysfunction. Subjects with POTS predominantly are young women between 20-40 year old and most of them are college student. Exercise has proven can improve the function of body systems. College students’s time is mostly for academic activity and not much time for exercise. The main aim of this research was to know the association between exercise activity and  the incidence of POTS in female college students. Method: This research was an analytical observational using case-control design approach. Samples were fifty eight female college students with POTS (16-23 years old) selected using purposive sampling. This study was done from November to December 2014 at Medical School of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. Data of Exercise activity were obtained by questionnaire. Diagnosis of POTS was conducted by measuring heart rate using pulsemeter on Active Stand Test (AST) position while orthostatic symptoms were gotten by interview. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Result: This study showed that most of the subjects with POTS (27.6%) had lower exercise activity than those without POTS (37.9%). The result of Chi Square analysis was p = 0.007. Conclusion: There was significant association between exercise activity and the incidence of POTS in female college students. Keywords: exercise activity,  heart rate, POTS 
Cytotoxic Assay of Soursop Leaf Ethanol Extract (Annona muricata Linn.) on Breast Cancer Cell Line (T47D) In Vitro Ardianti, Dwiana; Suyatmi, .; Mujosemedi, .
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: Cancer is a genetical disorder which involves dynamic changes of genome, that it causes abnormal cell growth, invasion and metastasis of cell. Breast cancer is found mostly on women. There are many phytochemistry bioactive compounds found in soursop plant. One of the most important component is annonaceous acetogenins. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of soursop leaf ethanol extract on breast cancer cell line (T47D). Methods: This was experimental laboratory research. The cytotoxic effects of Soursop Leaf Ethanol Extract studied on cell line of breast cancer (T47D) in vitro were measured by MTT assay. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was compared to doxorubicyn. The data were analyzed to determine the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50). Results: IC50 of soursop leaf ethanol extract on breast cancer cell line (T47D) was 69.250mg/ml and doxorubicyn was < 0.195mg/ml. Conclusion: Based on the study, soursop leaf ethanol extract has a weak cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell line (T47D) with IC50 = 69.25 mg/ml. Keywords: MTT assay,  Soursop Leaf Ethanol Extract, Cytotoxicity, Breast cancer cell line (T47D).
Emergence of Kebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC)- Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Infected Patients in Dr. Kariadi Hospital ., Maryani; Damayanti, Kusmadewi Eka
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Abstract

Background: KPC-producing K. pneumoniae are a group of emerging highly drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli causing infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The emergence of KPC-producing K. pneumoniae has now become a global concern. The ability of this bacteria hydrolyzing carbapenem makes limited antibiotic choice for severe infections.  KPC spreads through plasmid-mediated, thus this bacteria can spread rapidly. Methods: This was a descriptive research with total sampling as the sampling technique used was all the population within a period of one year in 2012. The research was done in Microbiology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University and the samples were from Dr. Kariadi Hospital. The research subject was 79 Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from all infected patients along 2012. Susceptibility test was performed for all samples with diffusion method using Mueller-Hinton and meropenem. The decreased sensitivity of the samples carried on Modified Hodge Test to determine if the bacteria produced KPC. The results of the study were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Results: From the 79 samples, 10 (12.66%) samples decreased sensitivity to meropenem. Those ten samples consisted of cases of sepsis 30%, pneumonia 20%, urinary tract infection 20%, surgical site infection 10%, diabetes mellitus wound infections 10%, and bronchitis 10%.  From the ten samples, 60% were nosocomial infection and 30% were from ICU. It was found that one sample (1.27%) was Modified Hodge Test positive. Conclusions: This research found the incidence of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in infection patients in Dr. Kariadi Hospital. This result can be a warning for Indonesian health considering the danger of KPC bacteria. Early identification of bacteria that produce KPC with in vitro testing is critical for the success of infection control. Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Carbapenem-resistant, Modified Hodge Test.

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