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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 20851103     EISSN : 23560991     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)" : 8 Documents clear
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND SEROLOGY TEST TO DETECT RUBELLA VIRUS IN CONGENITAL RUBELLA SYNDROME PATIENTS WITH HEARING LOSS Sabrina Izzattisselim; Nyilo Purnami
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.8735

Abstract

Rubella infections in pregnant women, especially during the first trimester, often lead to manifest as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). This syndrome consists of several inherited disorders such as deafness, cataracts, and cardiac abnormalities. Deafness is the most common manifestation of CRS, 70-90% of all cases with deafness type are sensory neural deafness. The mechanism of hearing loss due to rubella virus is caused by hypoxia resulting from endothelial vascular damage in cochlea, followed by cell death in the organ of Corti and stria vascularis.Cochlea’s stria damage makes alterations in the composition of endolymph. This study aimed to confirm rubella infection using PCR and serological tests in patients with CRS who were clinically deaf. A suspected CRS reported was a 2-month-old patient with an unclear response to surround sound. The patient had been already diagnosed with congenital cataracts before. Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal history was evaluated. Hearing screening was done by OAE (Biological), and AABR (Beraphone). Anti-rubella IgM and IgG was obtained from blood serum. PCR was carried out from a throat swab and the eye-lens specimen. OAE and AABR results ‘refer’ to both sides of the ear indicated a sensorineural hearing loss. The serological examination of IgM was positive with an index of 15.00 and IgG rubella positive with a titer> 500 IU / ml. Positive results from the rubella virus were identified from the throat swab and lens specimens using the PCR method. Detection of rubella virus in CRS sufferers with clinical deafness of both ears gives positive results using PCR and serology methods. In the future PCR can be potential for prenatal diagnosis of rubella virus aimed at the provision of early prevention.
RELATIONSHIP OF NON STRUCTURAL ANTIGEN 1 (NS1) EXAMINATION RESULTS TO CLINICAL SIGNS ,SYMPTOMS AND ROUTINE BLOOD EXAMINATION IN PATIENTS SUSPECTED DENGUE INFECTIONS AT INPATIENTS CLINIC OF VITA MEDIKA KEPUNG KEDIRI DISTRICTS Acivrida Mega Charisma
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.10382

Abstract

Early diagnosis of dengue infection is important because late diagnostic can be fatal to the patient, remembered the journey of the disease is very rapid. Currently there has been developed an examination of a non structural 1 dengue antigen (NS1) that can detect dengue viral infections earlier, even on the first day of fever. However, not all health care centers have adequate laboratory facilities for NS1 checks.Clinical symptoms and signs as well as a routine blood test are indicators that become the basis of diagnosis in health care facilities with limited facilities. This study aims to determine the relationship of NS1 examination result to clinical symptoms and signs as well as the result of routine blood tests in patients suspected dengue infection. This research uses observational analytic method with cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in clinic laboratory and inpatient clinic room of Vita Medika Kepung Kediri from November 2017 to February 2018.The number of research samples of 30 people was determined by the consecutive sampling technique. NS1 examination was done by using rapid immunochromatography test method with mono kits. Routine blood examination was done by using Micros 60. Chi square test on relationship between clinical sign and symptoms  examination of dengue with the results of NS1 examination obtained p= 0,310 (p > 0,005), while the results of chi square test on the relationship of routine blood examination results haemoglobine levels, amount of leucocyte, platelet count and hematocite of NS1 examination result obtained p value in a row p = 0,235 (p > 0,05) , p = 0,013(p < 0,05) , p = 0,028(p < 0,05)  dan p = 0,132 (p > 0,05). There was a significant correlation between leucocyte count and platelet count to NS1 antigen exanimation result , but there was no correlation between clinical signs and symptoms of dengue patients, haemoglobine level and haematocryt value on NS1 antigen examination result.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF SEVERE DENGUE INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN Senja Baiduri; Dominicius Husada; Dwiyanti Puspitasari; Leny Kartina; Parwati Setiono Basuki; Ismoedijanto Ismoedijanto
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.10721

Abstract

The  incidence of dengue fever increase annually and can increase morbidity and mortality. Dengue fever is mosquito-borne disease and caused by one of four serotype dengue viruses. Severe dengue is characterized either by plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or organ impairment. Mortality and serious morbidity of dengue were caused by several factors including the late recognition of the disease and the changing of clinical signs and symptoms. Understanding the prognostic factors in severe dengue will give early warning to physician thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality, and also improving the treatment and disease management. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors of severe dengue infection in children. This study was observational cohort study in children (2 months-18 years) with dengue infection according to WHO 2009 criteria which admitted in  Soetomo and Soewandhie Hospital Surabaya. Analysis with univariate, bivariate and multivariate with IBM SPSS Statistic 17. All patients were confirmed by serologic marker (NS-1 or IgM/IgG Dengue). Clinical and laboratory examination such as complete blood count, aspartate aminotrasnferase (AST), alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), albumin, and both partial trombocite time and activated partial trombosit time (PTT and aPPT) were analyzed comparing nonsevere dengue and severe dengue patients. There were 40 subjects innonsevere and 27 subjects with severe dengue infection. On bivariate analysis, there were significant differences of nutritional status, abdominal pain, petechiae, pleural effusion, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, history of transfusion, increasing AST>3x, prolonged PPT and APTT between severe and nonsevere dengue group. After multivariate analyzed, the prognostic factors of severe dengue were overweight/obesity (p=0.003, RR 94), vomiting (p=0.02, RR 13.3), hepatomegaly (p=0.01, RR=69.4), and prolonged APTT (p=0.005, RR=43.25). In conclusion, overweight/obesity, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and prolonged APTT were prognostic factors in severe dengue infection in children.Those factors should be monitored closely in order to reduce the mortality and serious morbidity.
EFFECT OF PATIENT'S PERSONAL CHARACTER ON PREVENTION OF TRANSMISSION OF PULMONARY TB Herdianti Herdianti; Entianopa Entianopa; Sugiarto Sugiarto
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.12318

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is still a problem for health in the world, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Muaro Jambi showed second ranks of TB patients number in Jambi Province. Based on the available data, the biggest positive TB patients were in the Muara Kumpeh Health Center working area which was 54 people (2016) and 68 people (2017). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship and risk of Self Efficacy and Interpersonal Relations to the prevention of pulmonary TB transmission in the Muara Kumpeh Health Center in Muaro Jambi District in 2018. This research is a quantitative research with Cross Sectional Study research design. The sample of this study was 68 people interviewed using questionnaire with the Total Sampling. The research was carried out in the work area of Muara Kumpeh Health Center in April-August 2018. The data was collected then analyzed in univariate and bivariate. A total of 37% of respondents were adults (26-45 years), 53% of male patients and 52% of respondents were treated by their spouses during illness. There was a significant relationship (p-value = 0.011) between self efficacy and TB transmission prevention behavior and low self efficacy at 5.14 times the risk of transmitting pulmonary TB compared to high self efficacy. With high self confidence from respondents can provide good motivation for their recovery. There was no significant relationship (p-value = 0.104) between interpersonal relationships with TB transmission prevention behaviors and interpersonal relationships not risk factors for preventing TB transmission behavior. This could be due to not too much percentage difference between respondents who have low and high interpersonal relationships. Besides that, the knowledge factor of the patient's family can also be confounding on this variable. Low self efficacy has a risk of 5.14 times transmitting TB and this is statistically significant. It is better to do more routine care of the patient's family so that it can improve self efficacy and interpersonal relationships of the patient.
CLINICAL AND HEMOGLOBIN PROFILE OF MALARIA PATIENTS IN KARITAS HOSPITAL, SOUTHWEST SUMBA, PERIOD OF YEAR 2017 Alvin Johan; Audrey Natalia; William Djauhari; Rambu Farah Effendi
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.11455

Abstract

Malaria infections in high endemic areas are not pathognomonic and often show non-specific symptoms. The Southwest Sumba district is a high endemic area of malaria with the annual parasite incidence (API) of 14.48‰. The research conducted in this area was to identify the clinical and hemoglobin profile of malaria patients and to obtain comprehensive information on the clinical characteristics of malaria in a high endemic area of Southwest Sumba district. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was obtained from the medical record of malaria patients between  January 1st and December 31st, 2017 in Karitas Hospital, Southwest Sumba district. Inclusion criteria were patients with asexual stages of Plasmodium spp. on their Giemsa-stained thick and thin peripheral blood smears examination. Exclusion criteria were malaria patients with coexisting diseases and who had taken medication before admitted to the hospital. The total number of patients was 322 patients, 50.6% of the subjects were ≥ 15 years old and 59.3% were male. Among 322  patients, 133 subjects were treated as inpatients. The result shows that most infection was caused by a single infection of P. falciparum.  The most common clinical symptom was fever (98.4%), followed by headache, vomiting, cough, and nausea. The most common physical finding was the axillary temperature of > 37.5°C (87.6%) followed by anemic conjunctiva and hepatomegaly, which was mostly found in pediatric patients. The number of patients with hemoglobin level ≤ 10 g/dL was 129. The MCV <80 fL was found in 79% of patients with anemia. Severe malaria was found in 116 subjects in this study according to severe malaria criteria set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Study results were consistent with other existing studies from other high endemic areas in East Nusa Tenggara province.
A SURVEY FOR ZOONOTIC AND OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN PIG IN BALI PROVINCE, INDONESIA Ni Komang Aprilina Widisuputri; Lucia Tri Suwanti; Hani Plumeriastuti
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.10393

Abstract

Pigs have potentially to transmit zoonotic gastrointestinal parasite disease both caused by protozoa and worm. The aim of this study was to identify gastrointestinal parasites that were potentially zoonotic in pigs in the province of Bali. A total of 100 fresh feces samples was collected from several pig farms in Bali, from Badung and Tabanan districts, each consisted of 50 samples. Pig feces samples were examined for the presence of eggs worms, cysts and oocysts for protozoa based on the morphology and size. Identification for protozoa and worms used native, sedimentation and sucrose flotation methods. Parameters measured were sex, feed and cage management. The result showed that the characteristic parameters for pigs in both district were generally female. Cage management for raising pigs mostly used group cage. Feed that provided in both district mostly used bran and concentrate. All of 100 pig feces samples that examined positive for parasites. There were 8 types of gastrointestinal parasites that have been identified. Four types of protozoa found were Entamoeba sp. (99%), Balantidium sp. (79%), Eimeria sp. (78%), Blastocystis sp. (69%) and four types of worms were Ascaris sp. (20%), Trichuris sp. (20%), Strongyloides sp. (19%), and Oesophagostomum sp. (8%). All pigs were infected with two or more parasites. The prevalence of parasitic gastrointestinal infections was different for each district, six genera (Entamoeba sp., Balantidium sp., Blastocystis sp., Eimeria sp., Oesophagostomum sp. and Trichuris sp.)  were higher found in Tabanan district and the two genera (Ascaris sp. and Strongyloides sp.) were higher in Badung district. Oesophagostomum sp. was only found to infect pigs in Tabanan district. The conclusion is gastrointestinal parasites that found in pigs at Badung and Tabanan district Bali Province mostly have zoonotic potential.
MCP-1 LEVELS AND ATYPICAL LYMPHOCYTES IN EARLY FEVER OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION WITH NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN 1 (NS-1) ANTIGEN TEST IN dr DARSONO HOSPITAL, PACITAN Indah Agustiningrum; Jusak Nugraha; Hartono Kahar
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.12696

Abstract

Dengue infection caused by DENV and transmitted by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is a major health problem in the world, including Indonesia. Clinical manifestations of dengue infection are very widely, from asymptomatic until dengue shock syndrome (DSS). DENV will attack macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) and replicate them. Monocytes are macrophages in the blood (±10% leukocytes). Macrophages produce cytokines and chemokines such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2. The monocytes that are infected with DENV will express MCP-1, which will increase the permeability of vascular endothelial cells so that they have a risk of developing DHF/DSS. Macrophages and DC secrete NS1 proteins, which are the co-factors that are needed for viral replication and can be detected in the early phase of fever. The increased MCP-1 levels in dengue infection followed by an increase in the number of atypical lymphocytes indicate the arrival of macrophages and monocytes to the site of inflammation which triggers proliferation rather than lymphocytes. This is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design to determine the MCP-1 level in dengue infection patients with 1st until the 4th day of fever and the presence of atypical lymphocytes. Dengue infection was determined by rapid tests NS1 positive or negative and MCP-1 levels were measured using by ELISA sandwich method.MCP-1 level of sixty patients dengue infection NS-1 rapid positive or negative with 2nd until 4rt fever were significantly higher than healthy subjects (420.263±158,496vs29, 475±23.443;p=0.000), but there was no significant difference in subjects with DF, DHF or DSS (436,47±225,59 vs422,77±170,55vs 448,50±117,39; p =0.844). Atypicallymphosite differs significantly in healthy  subjects than subjects infected with DENV an average of 2% (p= 0,000). In conclusion, this shows the arrival of macrophages and monocytes to the site of inflammation, which triggers the proliferation of lymphocytes.
SENSITIVITY OF ERYTHROMYCIN AGAINST CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE Alif Mutahhar; Dwiyanti Puspitasari
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v8i1.11654

Abstract

Diphtheria is an acute infection disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It remains a problem in Indonesia in a recent several years especially in East Java Province, which suffered from an outbreak of diphtheria in 2011. Erythromycin is the second line antibiotics therapy for diphteria if the patient is allergic to penicillin, also serving as a prophylactic and carrier therapy for contact diphtheria. Erythromycin has been used for diphtheria for a very long time, but there is little recent data on its sensitivity  against C. diphtheriae. The purpose of this study is to identify whether Erythromycin still has a strong antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium diphtheriae by invitro test. This was a descriptive study which observed the sensitivity pattern of erythromycin against Corynebacterium diphtheriae using the Epsilometer test (etest) as a diffusion technique. Samples used in this study were 30 isolates of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain mitis and gravis at the Center for Health Laboratory (BBLK) Surabaya obtained during 2011 until 2014. We retrieved the data based on gender, age, and districts of patients for each of the samples then analyzed them descriptively. In this study, a sensitivity test of 30 toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates revealed that 27 (90%) were sensitive to Erythromycin (average Minimum Inhibitory Concentration/ MIC) <0.016 μg/mL and all were strain mitis, while 3 (10%) had intermediate sensitivity with MIC 1 μg/mL (all were strain gravis). No resistance result was found from the sensitivity test. According to the result, we conclude that Erythromycin still has a strong antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

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