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SPEKTRUM Jurnal Ilmu Politik Hubungan Internasional
Published by Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang
ISSN : 18296580     EISSN : 28095642     DOI : 10.31942/spektrum.v19i1
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Spectrum aims to publish scientific articles that focus on the development of thought, theory, and research covering issues of international relations and politics at large.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 2 (2022)" : 6 Documents clear
Rekrutmen PDIP dalam Pilkada 2020: Antara Strategi Pemenangan dan Pelembagaan Partai Politik Joko J Prihatmoko
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6655

Abstract

This paper describes the winning strategy and institutionalization of political parties in the recruitment of PDIP candidates in 21 districts/cities in the 2020 simultaneous regional head and deputy regional head elections in Central Java Province. The research uses a literature study method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the recruitment of PDIP candidates in the simultaneous regional head elections was capitalized as part of a winning strategy rather than party institutionalization. Using Adman Nursal's concept, found 7 recruitment patterns, which are based on four strategies: a) reinforcement, b) rationalization, c) inducement, and d) confrontation.From the point of view of party institutionalization based on the concept of Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand, it can be seen that the magnitude of the push as a floating party is indicated by the degree of (1) systemness, (2) value identity, (3) autonomy in decision making, and (4) knowledge or public image (reification) of a political party.The pattern of PDIP regional election recruitment that is closed but seems open confirms the development of the character of a “floating party”, namely a political party that is less responsible and less responsive to its constituents. Luckily, in a floating mass atmosphere that is not politically literate, PDIP candidates won the majority of the 2020 simultaneous regional elections in Central Java.Keywords: Political Recruitment, Winning Strategy, Political Institutionalization, Floating PartyAbstrakPenelitian ini ingin menjelaskan strategi pemenangan dan pelembagaan partai politik dalam rekrutmen calon PDIP di 21 kabupaten/kota pada pemilihan kepala daerah dan wakil kepala daerah serentak tahun 2020 di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rekrutmen calon PDIP pada pilkada serentak dikapitaliasi sebagai bagian strategi pemenangan dibanding pelembagaan partai. Menggunakan konsep Adman Nursal, ditemukan 7 pola rekrutmen, yang didasarkan pada empat strategi: a) penguatan (reinforcement strategy), b) rasionalisasi (rationalization strategy), c) bujukan (inducement srategy), dan d) konfrontasi (confrontation strategy). Dari sudut pelembagaan partai berdasarkan konsep Vicky Randall dan Lars Svasand terlihat besarnya dorongan sebagai partai mengambang (floating party) yang diindikasikan dari derajat (1) kesisteman (systemness), (2) identitas nilai (value infusion), (3) otonomi dalam pembuatan keputusan (decisional autonomy), dan (4) pengetahuan atau citra publik (reification) terhadap suatu partai politik. Pola rekrutmen pilkada PDIP yang tertutup tapi terkesan terbuka mengkonfirmasikan terbangunnya watak “partai mengambang” (floating party), yakni partai politik yang kurang bertanggungjawab dan kurang tanggap terhadap konstituen. Beruntung, dalam atmosfer massa mengambang (floting mass) yang tidak melek politik, calon-calon PDIP memenangi mayoritas pilkada serentak tahun 2020 di Jawa Tengah.Kata Kunci : Rekrutmen Politik, Strategi Pemenangan, Pelembagaan Politik, Partai Mengambang
PERAN JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) PASCA BENCANA ALAM 2018 DI SULAWESI TENGAH Sulfitri Husain
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6660

Abstract

The locus in this study is the disaster-affected area in middle Sulawesi. Palu, Sigi, and Donggala were some of the areas that were badly damaged as a result of the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction that occurred in September 2018. In addition to the loss of life, the disaster caused several public facilities to be seriously damaged (broken electricity and telecommunications networks). School buildings, hotels, hospitals, offices, malls and several roads were badly damaged. Various national and international aids, both government and non-government, have contributed. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is one of the international agencies involved from emergency response to recovery with a build back better concept in the Palu, Sigi, and Donggala (PASIGALA) areas. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method which will analyze the extent to which JICA's role as one of Japan's International Cooperation agencies is involved in providing post-disaster assistance. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is one of the international agencies involved from emergency response to recovery with a build back better concept in the Palu, Sigi, and Donggala (PASIGALA) areas. In this study, in addition to primary data, secondary data in the form of books, documents, news, and journals are also complementary to the analysis. Descriptive qualitative method is used in analyzing the extent to which JICA's role as one of Japan's International Cooperation agencies is involved in providing post-disaster assistance. The results of this study explain that JICA is one of the donor agencies that has a role and several programs in reorganizing middle Sulawesi after the disaster.Keywords: Disaster Relief, International Agenc, JICA Abstrak.Lokus dalam penelitian ini adalah wilayah yang terdampak bencana di Sulawesi Tengah. Palu, Sigi, dan Donggala merupakan beberapa daerah  yang rusak parah akibat dari gempa, tsunami, dan likuifaksi yang terjadi pada September 2018 lalu. Selain korban jiwa, bencana tersebut menyebabkan beberapa fasilitas umum rusak parah (putusnya jaringan listrik dan telekomunikasi). Gedung sekolah, perhotelan, rumah sakit, perkantoran, mall dan beberapa jalan mengalami rusak parah. Berbagai bantuan nasional, internasional baik yang pemerintah dan non pemerintah berpartisipasi memberikan sumbangsihnya. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) merupakan salah satu dari lembaga internasional yang terlibat mulai tanggap darurat hingga recovery dengan konsep build back better di wilayah Palu, Sigi, dan Donggala (PASIGALA). Dalam penelitian ini, selain data primer, data sekunder berupa buku, dokumen, berita, dan jurnal juga sebagai pelengkap analisis.  Metode kualitatif deskriptif yang digunakan dalam menganalisis sejauh mana peran JICA sebagai salah satu badan Kerja Sama Internasional Jepang  untuk terlibat dalam pemberian bantuan  pasca bencana. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan JICA merupakan sebagai salah satu lembaga pendonor yang memiliki peran dan beberapa program dalam menata kembali Sulawesi Tengah pasca bencana. Kata kunci: Bantuan Kebencanaan, Lembaga Internasional, JICA
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA BANJIR (STUDI KASUS BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH / BPBD KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2020) Suharto Suharto; Andre Setiawan
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6656

Abstract

The city of Semarang can be said to be a disaster-prone area city when viewed from its geographical, demographic, topographic, and climatic conditions. This can be proven from the historical records of the Semarang City disaster. Disasters that have been recorded are floods, flash floods, landslides and extreme weather (DIBI, 2009-2016). The same thing happened in the Beringin watershed. Therefore, the Semarang City Government together with the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) carried out the preparation of a Disaster Risk Study (KRB) for the period 2017 to 2021 in Semarang City, especially in the Beringin Watershed. So in this study, we will examine, How is the implementation of the Disaster Management Policy in the Beringin Watershed (DAS) BPBD Semarang City? This is a qualitative descriptive study that seeks to describe and describe a situation based on the facts that actually happened. The data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Implementation of flood disaster management policies in the Beringin River Basin (DAS) with the implementation of the Early Warning System Technology Tool so that it can be more touching on efforts to reduce the impact of disasters, especially for people affected by floods in the Beringin Watershed, Semarang City. The description of areas that are potentially affected by disasters can be used as a basis for reference as the implementation of disaster management policies with the application of the Early Warning System (E.W.S) technology tool in the Banyan River Basin in Semarang City for risk reduction efforts for communities affected by floods.Keywords: Policy Implementation, Flood Disaster Management, Early Warning System (E.W.S).AbstrakKota Semarang dapat dikatakan sebagai kota daerah rawan bencana kalau dilihat dari kondisi geografis, demografi, topografi, dan iklim. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari catatan sejarah kejadian bencana Kota Semarang. Bencana pernah tercatat adalah banjir, banjir bandang, longsor dan cuaca ekstrim (DIBI, 2009-2016). Demikian pula terjadi di daerah DAS Beringin. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah Kota Semarang bersama dengan Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) melakukan penyusunan Kajian Risiko Bencana (KRB) untuk periode tahun 2017 sampai 2021 di Kota Semarang khususnya di DAS Beringin. Maka dalam penelitian ini akan mengkaji, bagaimana implementasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Beringin BPBD Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif yang berusaha menggambarkan dan melukiskan suatu keadaan atas fakta-fakta yang ada, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara yang mendalam dan dokumentasi, dan analisa data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Implementasi Kebijakan penanggulangan bencana banjir di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Beringin dengan diterapkannya Alat Teknologi Early Warning System sehingga dapat lebih menyentuh kepada upaya pengurangan dampak bencana khususnya kepada masyarakat yang terdampak bencana banjir di DAS beringin Kota Semarang. Gambaran wilayah yang berpotensi terkena dampak bencana dapat menjadi dasar acuan sebagai implementasi kebijakan penanggulangan bencana dengan penerapan alat teknologi Early Warning System (E.W.S) di daerah aliran sungai beringin Kota Semarang untuk upaya pengurangan risiko kepada masyarakat yang terdampak bencana banjir.Kata kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Penanggulangan Bencna Banjir, Early Warning System (E.W.S).
SEJARAH LAHIRNYA GERAKAN PEMUDA ANSOR PADA ORGANISASI MASYARAKAT NAHDLATUL ULAMA Zudi Setiawan
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6657

Abstract

The history of the birth of the Ansor Youth Movement (GP Ansor) cannot be separated from the long history of the birth and movement of the community organization Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). The birth of GP Ansor was also driven by conditions in the Dutch East Indies at that time, where regional youth organizations had emerged such as Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Sumatra, Jong Minahasa, Jong Celebes, and others. The birth of GP Ansor was colored by the spirit of the nationalism movement to fight for the nation's independence. GP Ansor was born in an atmosphere of integration between the pioneering youth after the Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda), the spirit of nationalism, democracy, and at the same time the religious spirit of Islam.Keywords: History, Community Organization, Ansor Youth Movement, Nahdlatul UlamaAbstrakSejarah lahirnya Gerakan Pemuda Ansor (GP Ansor) tidak bisa dilepaskan dari sejarah panjang kelahiran dan gerakan organisasi masyarakat (ormas) Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Kelahiran GP Ansor juga didorong oleh kondisi di Hindia Belanda pada saat itu, di mana-mana telah muncul organisasi pemuda yang bersifat kedaerahan seperti Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Sumatera, Jong Minahasa, Jong Celebes, dan lain-lain. Kelahiran GP Ansor diwarnai oleh semangat pergerakan nasionalisme untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan bangsa. GP Ansor terlahir dalam suasana keterpaduan antara kepeloporan pemuda pasca-Sumpah Pemuda, semangat kebangsaan, kerakyatan, dan sekaligus spirit keagamaan Islam.Kata Kunci: Sejarah, Organisasi Masyarakat, Gerakan Pemuda Ansor, Nahdlatul Ulama
FAKTOR PENDORONG BHUTAN MEMBUKA HUBUNGAN DIPLOMATIK DENGAN ISRAEL TAHUN 2020 Andi Purwono; Niswatul Harisa
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6658

Abstract

This research  aims to find out the reasons that prompted Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020. This study was written using a qualitative approach, through library research techniques such as books, official state documents, news and other mass media. This study uses the theory of national interest to determine the goals and interests of Bhutan. In this study, two reasons were found that pushed Bhutan to open diplomatic relations with Israel in 2020, namely the existence of Bhutan's national interests in the economic and military security fields.Keywords : Diplomatic Relations, Economic Interest, Military Security, National Interest AbstrakRiset ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhi alasan yang mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatic dengan Israel tahun 2020. Penelitian ini ditulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang diperoleh melalui studi pustaka seperti buku, dokumen resmi negara, berita dan media massa lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kepentingan nasional yang bersifat materiil. Penelitian ini menemukan dua alasan yang mendorong mendorong Bhutan dalam melakukan pembukaan hubungan diplomatik dengan Israel tahun 2020 yaitu adanya kepentingan nasional negara Bhutan dalam bidang ekonomi dan keamanan militer.Kata kunci : Hubungan Diplomatik, Kepentingan Ekonomi, Kepentingan Militer, Keamanan Nasional
POLITIK ENERGI RUSIA TERHADAP UNI EROPA MELALUI GAZPROM PADA TAHUN 2013-2015 Ismiyatun Ismiyatun; Ely Cintia
SPEKTRUM Vol 19, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v19i2.6659

Abstract

From a political point of view, energy is used as a tool in foreign policy in achieving domestic interests and becomes a top priority in the policy agenda. The European Union is a region that is highly dependent on Russian energy, especially natural gas. Gazprom sees the EU as a great opportunity to dominate the EU market and is a leading exporter in the European and world gas markets. This study aims to analyze how Gazprom runs its business by following the energy policy of Russia. This research data was collected through library research techniques. The theory used by the author is energy security and foreign policy in accordance with the current situation in Russia and the European Union. This study finds that the EU's dependence on Gazprom's natural gas is very large, Gazprom's abundant gas ownership and sanctions have made Gazprom diversify its export routes with other potential buyers- China.Keywords: Energy policy, dependency,  Energy security ABSTRAKArtikel ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi politik energi Rusia atas Uni Eropa melalaui Gazprom, sebagai salah satu perusahaan miliknya. memperlihatkan kekuatan energinya khususnya energi minyak dan gas alam. Dalam sudut pandang politik, energi dijadikan sebagai alat dalam kebijakan luar negeri dalam mencapai kepentingan dalam negeri suatu negara dan menjadi prioritas utama dalam agenda kebijakan. Teori yang digunakan penulis adalah energy security dan kebijakan luar negeri sesuai dengan keadaan yang sedang terjadi oleh Rusia dan Uni Eropa. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketergantungan Uni Eropa pada gas alam Gazprom sangat besar, kepemilikan gas yang melimpah oleh Gazprom serta adanya sanksi membuat Gazprom mendiversifikasi rute ekspornya dengan pembeli potensial lainnya, yaitu Tingkok.  Kata kunci: Politik Energi, Ketergantungan,  Keamanan Energi

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