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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)" : 15 Documents clear
Protein Profiling of Orthosiphon Stamineus Embryogenic Callus Using a Proteomic Approach: Protein Profiles of Orthosiphon stamineus Embryogenic Callus Dayangku Dalilah Mamat; Zaidah Rahmat; Tsun-Thai Chai; Fazilah Abd Manan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.01

Abstract

Orthosiphon stamineus is one of the most prominent medicinal herbs widely grown in Southeast Asia. Propagation of O. stamineus using tissue culture technique helps to rapidly produce samples for research purposes, increase the production of secondary metabolites and is considered as one of the strategies in plant genetic improvement. Despite vast information on O. stamineus pharmacological properties, the protein profile of this species is currently underexplored. In the present study, proteins expressed in embryogenic callus developed from O. stamineus leaves in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were identified via Liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The presence of embryogenic callus was confirmed with microscope observation and Evan Blue assay. Using this proteomic approach, we identified peptides that represent 22 proteins localized to different cell compartments and involved in various biological and metabolic functions in plants. This finding is useful to improve our understanding of protein functions, thus their future applications could be further explored   Keywords: Callus, Embryogenic, Herb, Orthosiphon stamineus,Proteins
Ethnobotanical Study and Conservation Status of Plants Used by the Tigwahanon-Manobo in Mt. Malimumu, San Fernando, Bukidnon, Philippines: Ethnobotanical study and conservation status of plants used by the Tigwahanon-Manobo Mark Lylod G. Dapar; Victor B Amoroso
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.02

Abstract

Central Mindanao, Philippines, is a center of the cultural wealth of knowledge andbotanical resources in the southern archipelago. However, traditional plant resources remain unexplored, and most of the tribal communities remain undocumented. Manobo tribe is one of the most populated and diverse tribal communitiesin the country, including the secluded Tigwahanon-Manobo community in Mt.Malimumu, San Fernando, Bukidnon, Philippines. Hence, this study provides ethnobotanical information and conservation status of plants along a 1-km transectwalk in Mt. Malimumu used by the Tigwahanon-Manobo. A guided field walkwith the tribal chieftains and tribal healer documented a total of 23 species in 22genera belonging to 20 families, of which four species, namely Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe, Nepenthes cornuta Marwinski, Coritico, Wistuba, Micheler,Gronem., Gieray & V.B.Amoroso, Nepenthes truncata Macfarl., and Pandanusmindanaensis Martelli, are Philippine endemics. Three families, namely Nepenthaceae, Melastomataceae, and Rubiaceae, are the most represented with two species each. Based on the combined international (IUCN 2021) and national (DENRDAO 2017-11) listing of conservation status, one species was assessed as Critically Endangered (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) and another one as Endangered(N. truncata). Two species were assessed as Vulnerable (Agathis philippinensisWarb. and N. cornuta) and one species as Near Threatened (D. philippinensis).Six species were identified as Least Concern while the rest of the species were notyet evaluated. This participatory research provides the first ethnobotanical studyand conservation status of traditional plants used by Tigwahanon-Manobo for foodand medicine, as well as economic and ecological uses needing conservation andprotection of their natural resources.Keywords: Conservation, Ethnobotany, Food plants, Indigenous, Medicinalplants, Mindanao
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on the Level of 25(OH)D3, Osteocalcin, and HbA1c in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Vitamin D3 and Type 1 DM Hajeng Wulandari; Harjoedi Adji Tjahjono; Edi Widjajanto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.14

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency resulting from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis in T1DM is associated with reducing osteoblast proliferation, survival, and activity. Osteocalcin (OC) is a marker of late-stage osteoblast differentiation. It might be positively modulated by vitamin D. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM. A randomized clinical trial was conducted to measures the levels of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM supplemented with vitamin D3. Many 26 children with T1DM were equally assigned into two groups: control (standardized insulin treatment) and treatment group (standardized insulin treatment + vitamin D3 2000 IU/day). Subject characteristics showed that the subjects were predominantly female (15/26), well-nourished (19/26), the average age is 12,31 ± 3,069 year, and the dose of insulin average is 1,17 ± 0,233 IU/kg BW/day. Our data demonstrated that vitamin D3 treatment significantly increased the level of 25(OH)D3 and improved glycemic control, represented by a low HbA1c level. However, there was no significant difference in OC level in both groups (independent t-test, p > 0.05). Further analysis showed no significant relationship between the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC. We concluded that vitamin D3 supplementation improves children's glycemic control with T1DM, but no significant alteration on OC levels.Keywords: HbA1c, Osteocalcin, T1DM, Vitamin D
Characterisation of a Bacterium from Selat Tebrau and Screening of Microbial Genomes for Dehalogenases: Characterisation of a bacterium from Tebrau Strait Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewusi; Raja Nurulhafiza Raja Mohamed; Fahrul Huyop
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.06

Abstract

Current study was to investigate the presence of dehalogenase in the isolated bacterium from Selat Tebrau that can grow on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (2,2-DCP is an active compound in herbicide Dalapon®). Strain RN1, a Gram-negative and rod in shape was tentatively identified as Enterobacter cancerogenus based on basic biochemical and the 16S rRNA gene analyses. The calculated cells doubling time were 5.29 hours based on growth of the bacterium in liquid minimal media with 10, 20 and 30 mM of 2,2-DCP, respectively. However, no growth was observed at 40 mM 2,2-DCP liquid minimal medium due to increase in 2,2-DCP toxicity. It was hypothesized that, strain RN1 produced dehalogenase(s) which merits a further study of the genomic data of the same genus and species available in the database. A putative dehalogenase, designated as DehRN was located in the published data of Enterobacter cancerogenus. Pairwise of DehRN amino acids with known dehalogenase resulted in sequence identity of <20%, suggesting a new class of dehalogenase enzyme in the Enterobacter cancerogenus.Keywords: 2,2-DCP, dehalogenase, dichloropropionate, Enterobacter, haloalkanoic acid
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria in Aquaculture Sources in Johor, Malaysia: Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Kam Kar Yern; Nor Azimah Mohd Zain; Mohd Farazi Jaafar; Mohd Helmi Sani; Mohd Suardi Suhaimi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.07

Abstract

The intensive use of antibiotics in aquaculture results in the proliferation of antibiotic. In this study, antibiotic resistant bacteria from six different aquaculture sources (pond of Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), and rivers of Kukup, Pulai, Pendas Laut, Sungai Melayu and Kong Kong) were isolated. These isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance against seven antibiotics via the disc diffusion method. Finally, phenotypic and genotypic identification via 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were carried out. The results show that 58 out of 118 bacterial isolates are resistant to multiple antibiotics. The highest isolate resistance was observed towards rifampicin (89.66%), followed by ampicillin (79.31%) and sulfafurazole (67.24%). The isolates with multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) index values with more than 20% were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The majority of the bacterial strains exhibit multiple antibiotic resistance, indicating that they were isolated from highly contaminated sources based on the tested water qualities profiles, which showed the high level of turbidity and total dissolved solid (TDS) in most sampling sites with the high number of MAR bacteria obtained.Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Multiple antibiotic resistance, Aquaculture sources,MAR index value, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Effect of Acute Toxicity of Commercial Organophosphate Insecticide Based on Chlorpyrifos on Fejervarya limnocharis Tadpoles (Anura: Dicroglossidae): Acute Toxicity of Commercial Chloropyrifos on Fejervarya limnocharis Tadpole Shima Ramadani; Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra; Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya; Nia Kurniawan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.09

Abstract

Organophosphate pesticides, especially chlorpyrifos, are one of the most widely used insecticides in agriculture, but their toxicity and potential sensitivity effects on Anura, especially Fejervarya limnocharis are still unknown. The purpose of this investigation is to study F. limnocharis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) tadpole sensitivity to lethal (survivability) and sublethal effects (morphological alterations and swimming activity) of chlorpyrifos in Dursban 200EC commercial formula under acute exposure. An acute toxicity test was carried out on ten tadpoles (Gosner 25) in each repetition. The sample was obtained from artificial reproduction by injecting the Trial Batch 2000 IU hCG by Kings Lab. The acute toxicity testing consisted of three replicates with a chlorpyrifos concentration of 0; 0.4; 0.8; 1; 2; 4; and 8 µg/L. Physico-chemical parameters, mortality, morphological, and swimming alterations of each concentration were observed at 24th, 48th, 72nd, and 96th hours. The LC50 of chlorpyrifos for F. limnocharis tadpoles was 2.86 µg/L. The percentage of survivability F. limnocharis tadpoles decreased after exposure to chlorpyrifos above 1µg/L, while morphological alterations were observed in 2 µg/L and 4 µg/L after 48th hours exposure, and the swimming alterations have occurred at 24th hours in 1; 2; 4 and 8 µg/L. Morphological alterations were observed including asymmetrical body shape, edema, and abnormal tail shape. Based on the LC50 value, commercial chlorpyrifos has high-level toxicity on F. limnocharis tadpoles.Keywords: Acute, Chlorpyrifos, Dursban 200 EC, Fejervarya limnocharis, Tadpoles
Molecular Docking and Interaction Analysis of Propolis Compounds Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor: Propolis Compound Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Mokhamad Fahmi Rizki Syaban; Icha Farihah Deniyati Faratisha; Khadijah Cahya Yunita; Nabila Erina Erwan; Dedy Budi Kurniawan; Gumilar Fardhani Ami Putra
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.08

Abstract

Background: For many people, especially in developing countries, herbal medicine is the most traditional drug choice to treat all diseases including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection). Propolis is one of the popular herbal medicine which has various health benefits, particularly antiviral activity. In this molecular docking study, this investigation examined twenty-five kinds of propolis to bind SARS-CoV-2 protein with the main targets of ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors. Method: Propolis ligands were downloaded from PubChem, meanwhile ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors were downloaded from Protein Data Bank. Both ligands and targets were optimized by Pymol. The pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using SwissADME. Molecular docking was done using PyRx 0.9 and its binding interaction was visualized by Discovery Studio. To predict the potential inhibition, this study compared the ligand-protein complex of propolis to ligands from the previous study. Result: Through the Lipinski rule, only five of twenty-five types of propolis were not qualified for the criterion. The ability to bind protein targets were various between ligands, the highest affinity to ACE-2 receptors were abietic acid, galangin, chrysin, kaempferol and acacetin, respectively. The binding affinity between ligand and M-Pro were seen weaker than ACE-2 receptor, while the strongest were kaempferol, abietic acid, acacetin, galangin and chrysin, respectively. Conclusion:  Kaempferol is the most potent form of propolis to bind to ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors by assessing the binding affinity and the amount of amino acid residue formation when compared to control ligands. Keywords: ACE-2 receptor, COVID-19, Main protease, Molecular docking, Propolis, SARS-CoV-2
Fish Biodiversity and Water Quality of Tropical Forest Streams Adjacent to the Western Boundary of Kinabalu Park, Sabah: Fish and Water Quality of Sabah Forest Streams Chen Lin Soo; Hairul Hafiz Mahsol; Leonardo Jainih; Arman Hadi Fikri; Cheng-Ann Chen; Nur Syafiqah Shamsul Kamal
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.12

Abstract

Modification and degradation of habitats outside the boundaries of a national parkmay result in the park's integrity being compromised. Thus, the present study aims todocument variation in freshwater fish and water quality of tropical forest streams adjacent to the western boundary of Kinabalu Park, Sabah. Concurrently, fish samplesand environmental parameters were collected at six stations covering a total streamline length of 10 km. The three most abundant species were Tor tambra (34.4%), Barbodes sealei (19.5%), and Lobocheilos ovalis (12.4%). Tor tambra exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern (coefficient < 3) and was in poor to fair condition (0.8< Fulton’s condition factor < 1.2). The highest fish abundance was found in downstream stations with species addition. Metrics of diversity, such as Shannon's diversityindex and the Margalef index of species richness, decreased as elevation increasedfrom 100 to 600 metres above sea level. The water quality of the forest streams isgood, classified as Class I and/or Class II by Malaysia's National Water Quality Standards, except for ammoniacal nitrogen at station 6, which was classified as Class III.Higher turbidity, orthophosphate, and ammoniacal-nitrogen values were found nearthe Podos village. In conclusion, the altitudinal gradient of fish biodiversity was observed in the forest streams near Kinabalu Park. Regular water quality monitoring ofthe downstream river is necessary, as indicated by the potential domestic impacts onthe river.Keywords: Biodiversity, Elevation, Freshwater fish, Forest stream, Kinabalu Park
Bacterial Community Structure in Sago Pith and Sago Waste Water and Its Potential Uses as Organic Acids Producer: Bacterial community structure in sago Eka Pratiwi Tenriawaru; Suharjono Suharjono; Tri Ardyati; Elok Zubaidah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.03

Abstract

Sago is one of commodities in South Sulawesi. The extraction process of sago flour produces waste water that still contains organic matter and smells sour. So, it has the potential as a pollutant. The sour odor produced allows the presence of acid-producing bacteria that can be used for waste treatment. The objective of this research is to explore the bacterial community structure in sago pith and sago waste water through high-throughput sequencing technology and its potential uses as organic acids producer. Samples were obtained from a traditional sago factory in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The acidity degree, total dissolve solid, and temperature were measured in the sago pool at the sampling area, while the nutrient contents were analyzed by titration method in Testing Laboratory of Food Quality and Food Safety, Brawijaya University. Bacterial cells in the sago waste water were acquired through a multilevel filtering process on filter paper with pore nitrocellulose membrane sizes of 0.45 and 0.20 µm. Total DNA trapped in the nitrocellulose membrane with pore size of 0.20 µm was isolated using FastDNA Spin Kit (MPBIO) and the V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA (341f-806r) were amplified. Amplicons were analyzed by Miseq of Illumina and further analyzed by Muscle v.3.8.31, QIIME v.1.7.0, and R v.2.15.3. The result shows that nutrient content in sago pith is higher than in sago waste water. Both samples are dominated by Phylum Proteobacteria and share 189 common bacterial species. The dominant bacteria that can produce organic acid in sago pith are Dysgonomonas sp., Propionispira sp., and Lactobacillus pentosus. While, Lactobacillus mali and Gluconobacter frateurii are the dominant organic acid-producer bacteria in sago waste water.   Keywords: Bacterial community structure, Next generating sequencing, Sago pith, Sago wastewater
In Silico Molecular Characterization of a Putative Haloacid Dehalogenase Type II from Genomic of Mesorhizobium loti Strain TONO: In Silico Molecular Characterization of a Putative Haloacid Dehalogenase Type II Sefatullah Zakary; Hamida Mashal; Abdul Rahman Osmani; Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewus; Fahrul Huyop; Muzhgan Mohammad Nasim
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.10

Abstract

Halogenated organic compounds are found as waste in the biosphere and can causenumerous dilemmas because of their toxicity and persistence in the environment. Theyplay a major role in the quality of life of both, human beings and other living organisms. Degradation of these compounds by microorganisms is significant to reduce recalcitrant and cost. Thus, in the current study, an in-silico approach was used for homology modelling and docking assessment of a newly identified DehLt4, type IIdehalogenase to predict its ability to degrade selected haloalkanoic acids and haloacetates. The study aimed to establish the catalytic tendencies of the enzyme to optimallydegrade the selected halogenated haloacids. The refined modelled structure of DehLt4using GROMACS 5.1.2 software revealed satisfactory scores of ERRAT (94.73%),Verify3D (90.83%) and PROCHECK (99.05 %) assessments. Active site predictionby blind docking and multiple sequence alignment indicated the catalytic triads forDehLt4 were Asp9-Lys149-Asn175. Both L-2-chloropropionic acid (L-2-CP) and trichloroacetate (TCA) docked with DehLt4 exhibited binding energy of -3.9 kcal/mol.However, the binding energy for D-2-chloropropionic acid (D-2-CP) and monochloroacetate (MCA) was -3.8 kcal/mol and -3.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, the findingsof the study successfully identified the catalytic important residues of DehLt4 for possible pollutant degradation. The in-silico study as such has a good potential for characterization of newly identified dehalogenases based on basic molecular structure andfunctions analysis.Keywords: Dehalogenase, Haloacid dehalogenase, Mesorhizobium loti strain TONO,Protein structure

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