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BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Bali Medical Journal (BMJ), P-ISSN 2089-1180, E-ISSN 2302-2914 is an international and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly in print and online by Sanglah General Hospital in collaboration to Indonesian Physician Forum and Indonesian College of Surgeon, Bali-Indonesia which was founded in 2011. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of medical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between medical scholars and practitioners. The Journal welcomes contributions which promote the exchange of ideas and rational discourse between practicing educators and medical researchers all over the world.
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Articles 29 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5 No 2 (2016)" : 29 Documents clear
Administration of Leptin Increases the Level of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Development of Ovarian Follicles in Postpartum Anestrus of Bali Cattle Pradnyana, Dewi Indira Laksmi; Pemayun, Tjok G. O.; Damriyasa, I Made; Dharmawan, N. S.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: Leptin is a metabolic signal that plays a role in reproduction through the Hypothalamic-PituitaryOvarian axis. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of leptin on the levels of FSH and development of ovarian follicles of post-partum anestrus in Bali cattle. Method: Postpartum anestrus in Bali cattle were divided into three groups of nine; group 1 (control) was injected with physiological saline, group 2 (treatment I) and group 3 (treatment II) were injected with recombinant o-leptin 100 µg and 200 µg/head respectively. Injection was done twice with an interval of 12 hours. Blood sample was collected via the jugular vein at intervals of 12 hours before the start of treatment until signs of estrus had appeared. Follicle diameter was measured using ultrasonography before treatment and during estrus. Results: The average levels of FSH before treatment for group 1, group 2, and group 3 were 11.3 + 0.36 mIU/ml, 11.6 + 0.40 mIU/ml, and 11.4 + 0.28 mIU/ml respectively. While at the end of the research, the levels of FSH were 11:02 + 0.39 mIU/ml, 13.0 + 0.48 mIU/ml, and 13.47 + 1.05 mIU/ml respectively. Ovarian follicle diameter for group 1, group 2, and group 3 before treatment were 5.10 + 0.41 mm, 5.21 + 0.36 mm, and 5.00 + 0.37 mm respectively. Whereas at the end of the research, the ovarian follicle diameters were 4.92 + 0.40 mm, 8.37 + 0.43 mm, and 8.45 + 0.38 mm respectively. Conclusion: administration of o-leptin in postpartum anestrus of Bali cattle increases the level of FSH and ovarian follicle development.
Airborne Fungi in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Maxillary Sinus Lavage at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang Maharani, Iriana; Suheryanto, Rus; Retnoningsih, Endang
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis has a significant impact on the quality of life and health of adult population. Role of airborne fungi remains a controversy and have become the source of discussion for decades. Objective to know the prevalence of airborne fungi in the chronic rhinosinusitis with or without polyps patients and to know the possible effect of airborne fungi on chronic rhinosinusitis inflammation. Methods: This is a cross sectional research in the Saiful Anwar Public Hospital Malang, there were 29 patients involved. We examine fungi culture, H&E staining and DNA fungi by using PCR from sinus lavage sample. From the blood serum we examine allergen specific IgE, IgG3, IL-13 and IL-5. Results: Fungi culture there were 31,03 % of sample growth but only matches the PCR result in 3 samples (10,34 %). From PCR examinations we found all sample were positive with 2-5 species fungi, Alternaria alternata was found positive in 24,13% samples. There was an increment of IgE allergen specific and IL-5, a decrement of IL-13 and IgG3 in all of our samples regardless presence of nasal polyps and species of fungi found in PCR. Conclusions: PCR is a more reliable method compare to fungal culture. The presence of fungi in all of our samples could indicate fungi contribution to the disease pathophysiology. The increased level of Il-5 was not followed by IL-13; it may happen through PRR pathway.
Unripe Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seed Hexane Fraction Extract Inhibits Male Mice (Mus musculus) Spermatogenesis Stronger Than Unripe Papaya Seed Methanolic Extract Satriyasa, Bagus Komang
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: Men and women have the same rights and obligations in family planning program. Practically, participation in family planning program is still predominated by women while participation of men is still low. Low participation of men in family planning program is due to very limited choices in male contraceptive method. In recent years, studies have been refocused on investigating traditional plants as antifertility herbal medicine for men. Studies on antifertility effects of unripe papaya seeds have been done. However, similar studies on hexane fraction extract have not yet been done. In this study, unripe seeds were collected from local Balinese papaya (Carica papaya) fruits. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the effect of unripe papaya seeds hexane fraction extract on spermatogenesis and the testosterone level of male mice. Hexane fraction extract of unripe papaya seeds contains glycosides and triterpenoids, which is assumed to have an antifertility property, so it can be used as a male contraceptive, although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Method: This study used pre-test and post-test control group design, using 30 male mice of balb C strain, 12 weeks of age, weighing 20-22 gram, which were randomly grouped into 3 groups, each consisting of 10 male mice. One control group (P0 = control group) was given double-distilled water, and two treatment groups were given hexane fraction extract of unripe Carica papaya seeds 20 mg/20gram/day, and methanolic extract of unripe Carica papaya seeds 20 mg/20 gram/day (P1 and P2, respectively). After 36 days of treatment, evaluation of the testes and blood of the male mice was conducted. Results: Data were analysed by normality test of Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness of Fit, homogeneity test, and Anova test. This study showed that spermatogonia A, primary pachytene spermatocytes, spermatid and Sertoli cells were decreased significantly (p < 0,05) but Leydig cells and testosterone levels were not decreased significantly (p > 0,05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hexane fraction extract of unripe Carica papaya seeds can decrease the mean number of spermatogonia A cells, spermatocyte of primary pachytene spermatocytes, spermatid and Sertoli cells better than methanolic extract of unripe Carica papaya seeds.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Red Piper Crocatum Leaves Extract Decrease TNF-? and IL-6 Levels in Wistar Rat with Atherosclerosis Wahjuni, Sri; Wita, I W.; Astawa, I N. Mantik
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL

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Abstract

Background: This research aims to find a cure for anti-inflammation, based on the utilization of red piper crocatum. The research was started with descriptive study to explore active components of red piper crocatum leaf and followed by experimental study to investigate red piper crocatum activity of the leaf extract in anti-inflammation induced Wistar rat. In this research observed three dominant components: caryophyllene bicyclo [5.2.0] none, 2 methylene-4,8,8-trimethyl-4-vinyl; phytol; 5,9-propano-5H- benzocycloheptene, 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-7,11-bis(methylene); 4,4-ethynedioxy-2-hexadecen-15-15 olide 1,4,9-trioxaspiro [4,15] eic os-6-en-8-one, 10 methyl; 1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(H)-thione,4-allyl-3-(3-furyl); Benzofuran,2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-7-phenyl which are possibly active to inhibit anti-inflammation to atherosclerosis. Bad eating habits also can cause various health problems, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation to atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to investigate of red piper crocatum leaves extract as an anti-inflammation through decrease of biochemistry markers TNF-? and IL-6 levels. Method: This is a true experimental with randomized pre-test and post-test control group design, using 50 Wistar rats that are divided into 5 groups: control group using 0 mg/kg B red piper crocatum leaves extract, treatment group 1 using 50 mg/kg BW red piper crocatum leaves extract, treatment group 2 using 100 mg/kg BW red piper crocatum leaves extract, treatment group 3 using 150 mg/kg BW red piper crocatum leaves extract, and treatment group 4 200mg/kg BW red piper crocatum leaves extract. Results: It was observed that intake of 150 mg/B red piper crocatum leaves extract results in the highest significance decrease of 45.63% of TNF-? levels from (28.62 ± 1.25 to 15.56 ± 7.20 ?g/mL) and a significance decrease of 15.42% of IL-6 level from (134.64 ± 1.98 to 113.87 ± 4.30 ?g/mL). Conclusion: It can be concluded that intake of red piper crocatum leaves extract acts as antiinflammation for Wistar rats with atherosclerosis through decrease of TNF-? and IL-6 levels. Further research is required to determine whether the application of red piper crocatum leaves extract on human will result in similar effects of anti-inflammation.
Indonesian Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddler, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) for Autism Screening in Children at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali-Indonesia. Windiani, I Gusti Trisna; Soetjiningsih, S.; Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Sugitha; Lestari, Kadek Apik
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired reciprocal social interaction and communication, and by a restricted, repetitive or stereotyped behavior. Early detection of autism is recommended on all toddlers from the ages of 9 months because of increasing in prevalence. The Modified Checklist for Autism (M-CHAT) in Toddlers, a Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) is a 2-stage parent-report screening tool to assess a risk for ASD and it demonstrates an improvement compared to the original M-CHAT. It is translated to Indonesian language by Soetjiningsih and colleagues, and it needs to be validated. Methods: This is a diagnostic accuracy study conducted at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, conducted from March 2015 to December 2016. We included children 18-48 months in this study. The parents of the outpatient children in the growth and development clinic of Sanglah Hospital were asked to fill out the Indonesian M-CHAT-R/F form. In the same visit, the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) assessment according to the DSM-5 as a gold standard was done by the researchers, without knowing the M-CHAT -R/F result. The assessment comparison based on M-CHAT-R/F and DSM-5 was analyzed to obtain the AUC intersection on ROC curve that gives the best sensitivity and specificity. Results: We found 10.71% of our outpatient was diagnosed with autism according to DSM 5, when they are 18-24 months old. The Indonesian version of M-CHAT-R/F as an ASD screening tool has 88.9% in sensitivity and 94.6% in specificity. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the Indonesian translation of the M-CHAT-R/F is an effective screening instrument for ASD, particularly when a two-step screening process is used.
The Healing Effect of Cuttlefish Bone on Fractured Bone in Rat Model Kloping, Laskar Pradnyan; Purwati, P.; Edward, Mouli
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Fractured bone healing requires three to nine months, which prolongs the patients’ morbidity. Long bone fracture is considered to be difficult due to the dependence of bodily mobility and freedom. Bone tissue engineering materials includes hydroxyapatite (HAp), titanium, alumina, and polymers. HAp is found to be heavily abundant in cuttlefish. This study is conducted to prove that the cuttlebone has an effect of accelerating the fractured long bone healing process. Methods: This is an experimental study using a total of 32 samples of Rattus norwegicus. The Treatment Group received the cuttlebone extract + 0.9% NaCl while the Control Group received only NaCL 0.9%. Both groups were fractured beforehand. On the 14th day the fractured area was harvested and assigned for histopathology and radiographic exam. Results: The Treatment Group was found to have thicker callus formation and more osteoblasts. Conclusions: The cuttlebone extract application caused thicker callus and higher osteoblast production, proving an accelerated fractured bone healing process.
Brain Metastasis as Initial Manifestation of Melanoma (A Case Report) Santos, Vitorino M.; Silva, Renata F.; Passini, Viviane V.; Duarte, Mayza L.; Flores, Leandro P.
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Melanoma is a malignancy derived from the neural crest, constituted of melanocytes found in the basal layer of epidermis, with the main function of melanin production. Case: A 64-yearold woman was admitted with headache and dyslalia and reported some episodes of vertigo and falls in the last six months. A superficial red and dark skin discoloration in the scalp and a node in the right parotid gland were observed. Computed tomography of the brain showed nodular lesions in the left parietal and right temporal and occipital lobes with hemorrhagic features, in addition to mass effect. Furthermore, PET-CT images were suggestive of brain, lung, and adrenal metastasis. The patient evolved with intracranial hypertension and a neurosurgery was performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies revealed metastatic melanoma. Conclusions: She underwent schedules of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but developed uncontrolled sepsis and died in spite of clinical management and intensive care support. Cutaneous primary site of this malignancy in the scalp was previously neglected; therefore, neurological disturbances were the initial manifestations of melanoma. Immunohistochemistry findings allowed ruling out the main differential hypotheses.
Safety Procedure for Biosafety and Controlling a Communicable Disease: Streptococcus Suis Tandio, Deasy Ayuningtyas; Manuaba, Ida Bagus Amertha Putra
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Streptococcus suis infection is a zoonotic disease which cause fatal outbreak. Infection case is related to animal handling and dry season. Health workers on Timor island need to understand more about biosafety procedure and increase awareness of the disease as a potential causes of meningitis. Objective: To provide a simple yet comprehensive reading material for the health workers that is exposed to meningitis. Method: This is a descriptive explorative study, to search about Streptococcus suis in the James Cook University OneSearch library search engine and biosafety procedure in WHO and CDC database. The information in accessed articles were compiled into a review piece. Conclusion: The biggest risk factor for a Streptococcus suis outbreak is inappropriate pig carcass handling. The cocci infect via micro-lesion on the handler skin. Public awareness about an appropriate way to handle meat needed to be raised. Suspected case need to be referred to the nearest centre with an ability to conduct a PCR test. It is essential that people, especially health workers understand that the principles of biosafety cover the basics of the containment system, including the practice, and the correct laboratory techniques, safety equipment, laboratory facilities to protect workers, the environment, and the public from exposure to infectious microorganisms.
Intra Arterial Heparin Flushing Increases Manual Muscle Test – Medical Research Councils (MMT-MRC) Score in Chronic Ischemic Stroke Patient Putranto, Terawan Agus; Yusuf, Irawan; Murtala, Bachtiar; Wijaya, Andi
BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL Vol 5 No 2 (2016)
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Abstract

Background: Muscle strength impairment in stroke patient affect the patient daily life, especially when it occurs on the extremities muscles. Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) is an examination method to measure muscle strength using standardized scoring. Objective: To find possible improvement of Manual Muscle Test (MMT) Score after administration of Intra Arterial Heparin Flushing in chronic ischemic stroke patient. Method: This is an experimental study using pretest-posttest group design, with randomized controlled clinical trial, conducted among patients in Cerebrovascular Center Unit in Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto starting from February 2014. With 75 patients included in this study. The examination of muscle strength was done by trained physicians. The MMT score were taken before and after the IAHF procedure is conducted. Results: This study found higher score of MMTMRC scoring system on chronic stroke patient with IAHF procedure (mean MMT-MRC Score = 6,05 point. With p

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