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Sambuaga, Maria K.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Pengaruh Pemberian Alkohol terhadap Gambaran Histopatologik Aorta Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Margarin Kamalo, Kevin C.; Loho, Lily L.; Sambuaga, Maria K.
eBiomedik Vol 6, No 2 (2018): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.6.2.2018.22172

Abstract

Abstract: Margarine is a kitchen ingredient that contains trans fat which plays an important role in the formation of atherosclerosis. Alcohol is one of the compounds that can slow down the formation of foam cells which are the beginning of atherosclerotic lesions. This study was aimed to determine the effect of alcohol administration on the aortic histopathological features of Wistar rats induced by margarine. This was an experimental laboratory study. Samples were 20 Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, as follows: negative control (KN), given pellet only; positive control (KP), given pellet and margarine 5 g per day; treatment 1 (P1), given pellet, margarine 5 g, and wine (14% of alcohol) 0.18 ml per day; and treatment 2 (P2), given pellet, margarine 5 g, and wine 0.36 ml per day. All samples were terminated at day 29. Rat aortas were prepared for microscopic slides. The results showed that foam cells were found in the aortic layers. The highest number of foam cells was found in KP group, followed by P1 group, meanwhile P2 group had the lowest number of foam cells. Conclusion: In the aortas of Wistar rats given wine in moderate dose concomitantly with margarine (P1 and P2 groups), the numbers of foam cells were less than in Wistar rats that were given margarine only (KP group).Keywords: wine, histopathology of aorta, atherosclerosis, margarine Abstrak: Margarin merupakan bahan dapur yang mengandung lemak trans yang sangat berperan dalam pembentukan aterosklerosis. Alkohol adalah salah satu senyawa yang dapat memperlambat pembentukkan sel busa yang merupakan awal dari lesi aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari pemberian alkohol terhadap gambaran histopatologik aorta tikus Wistar yang diinduksi margarin. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik. Sampel penelitian ialah 20 ekor tikus Wistar yang dibagi atas 4 kelompok: kontol negatif (KN), hanya diberikan pelet; kontrol positif (KP) diberikan pelet dan margarin 5 gr per hari; perlakuan 1 (P1) diberikan pelet, margarin 5 gr dan minuman anggur (kandungan alkohol 14%) 0,18 ml per hari; dan perlakuan 2 (P2) diberikan pelet dan margarin 5 gr serta minuman anggur 0,36 ml per hari. Semua sampel diterminasi pada hari ke-29, dan aorta tikus diambil untuk sediaan mikroskopik. Hasil pengamatan histopatologik mendapatkan sel busa pada lapisan-lapisan aorta dengan jumlah tertinggi pada kelompok KP, kemudian P1, dan paling sedikit pada P2. Simpulan: Pada tikus Wistar yang diberikan minuman anggur dosis moderat dan margarin secara bersamaan (P1 dan P2) terlihat sel busa yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan tikus Wistar yang hanya diberikan margarine (KP).Kata kunci: alkohol, histopatologik aorta, aterosklerosis, margarin
Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Jahe (Zingiber officinale) terhadap Gambaran Histopatologik Lambung Tikus Wistar yang Diinduksi Asam Asetat Pungus, Monica Ch.; Lintong, Magdalena P.; Sambuaga, Maria K.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2020): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.1.2.2020.27826

Abstract

Abstract: In stomach induced by acetic acid, the gastric acidity may increase leading to irritation of the mucosal layer and imbalance of defense factors and damaging factors. This might lead to the occurrence of gastritis or peptic ulcers. Ginger is rich in flavonoids. In the inflammation process, ginger constituents such as zingerone, zingiberenes, gingerols, and shogaol may be able to inhibit the cyclooxygenation and lipookoxygenase pathways in the arachidonic acid metabolism. This study was aimed to identify the effects of ginger on the histopathological features of stomach induced by acetic acid. This was an experimental laboratory study. In this study, we used red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) originated from Tomohon. Samples were male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into 5 groups; one as the positive control. The results showed that groups given ginger had intact surface mucosa, inflammation cells (eosinophils and PMN), and blood vessel dilation. Meanwhile, the positive control showed erosive surface mucosa. Worms were identified in all groups. It is concluded that in Wistar rats, administration of ginger after the stomach induced by acetic acid still showed gastritis feature but without acute erosive gastritis.Keywords: ginger, stomach, gastritis, peptic ulcers, acetic acid, vinegar Abstrak: Pada lambung yang diinduksi dengan asam asetat, kadar keasaman lambung dapat meningkat sehingga mengiritasi lapisan mukosa dan mengakibatkan ketidakseimbangan faktor pertahanan dan faktor perusak lambung. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan gastritis atau ulkus peptikum. Jahe dikenal kaya akan flavonoid. Pada proses inflamasi, konstituen dari jahe seperti zingerone, zingiberenes, gingerols, dan shogaol mampu menghambat jalur siklooksigenasi dan lipooksi-genase pada metabolisme asam arakidonat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian jahe terhadap gambaran histopatologik lambung yang diinduksi dengan asam asetat. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik. Pada penelitian ini digunakan jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) yang berasal dari daerah Tomohon. Sampel penelitian ialah 25 ekor tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan, dibagi atas 5 kelompok; satu kelompok sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan kelompok yang diberikan jahe memperlihatkan permukaan mukosa lambung intak, adanya sel-sel radang (eosinofil dan PMN), serta pelebaran pembuluh darah sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol positif yang hanya diberikan asam asetat tampak permukaan mukosa lambung erosif. Pada semua sampel ditemukan adanya cacing. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada tikus Wistar, pemberian jahe setelah lambung diinduksi dengan asam asetat masih menun-jukkan adanya gambaran histopatologik gastritis namun tidak terdapat gastritis erosif akut.Kata kunci: jahe, lambung, gastritis, ulkus peptikum, asam asetat
Efek Hepatotoksisitas Tanaman Obat Fatti, Vally T. T.; Lintong, Poppy M.; Sambuaga, Maria K.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.33545

Abstract

Abstract: The utilization of medicinal plants in Indonesia has been going on for generations even before modern medicine began to be marketed. Although its properties are widely known, but certain medicinal plants can give toxic effects to the liver. This study was aimed to re-evaluate the hepatotoxic effects of medicinal plants and changes in liver morphology. This was a literature review study using databases of Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The results obtained five medicinal plants that had hepatotoxic effects. Areca catechu showed morphological changes in the form of hemorrhagic, sinusoid dilation, lobular inflammation, lobular disarray, necrosis, interface hepatitis, microsteatosis, hepatocellular cholestasis, and steatosis. Myrmecodia pendans showed the presence of fat degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Annona muricata indicated the presence of hepatocyte swelling. Gynura divaricata showed increases of SGOT and SGPT levels. Vernonia amygdalina Del showed the presence of cellular degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes. In conclusion, the most diverse morphological changes of liver are caused by Areca catechu along with large dose consumption meanwhile the most minimal morphological changes of the liver are caused by Annona muricata.Keywords: herbal medicine; hepatotoxic effect  Abstrak: Pemanfaatan tanaman obat di Indonesia telah berlangsung selama turun-temurun bahkan sebelum obat modern mulai dipasarkan. Meskipun khasiatnya telah banyak diketahui, namun tanaman obat tertentu dapat memberikan efek toksik pada hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kembali efek hepatotoksik tanaman obat dan perubahan morfologik hati. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review, menggunakan database Pubmed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan lima jenis tanaman obat yang bersifat hepatotoksik. Areca catechu menunjukkan adanya perubahan morfologik berupa perdarahan, dilatasi sinusoid, inflamasi lobular, lobular disarray, nekrosis, interface hepatitis, mikrosteatosis, kolestasis hepatoseluler, dan steatosis. Myrmecodia pendans menunjukkan adanya degenerasi lemak, nekrosis, dan infiltrasi sel radang. Annona muricata menunjukkan adanya pembengkakan hepatosit. Gynura divaricata menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kadar SGOT dan SGPT. Vernonia amygdalina Del menunjukkan adanya degenerasi dan nekrosis hepatosit. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah perubahan morfologik hati yang paling beragam disebabkan oleh Areca catechu seiring dengan besar dosis yang dikonsumsi sedangkan perubahan morfologik hati yang paling minimal disebabkan oleh Annona muricata.Kata kunci: tanaman obat; efek hepatotoksik
Onkogenesis, Morfologi, dan Modalitas Deteksi Dini Karsinoma Serviks Rapar, Elsani P. L.; Sambuaga, Maria K.; Durry, Meilany F.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.33543

Abstract

Abstract: The incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer in developing countries are relatively high compared to developed countries. The main risk factor for cervical cancer is high risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, such as types 16 and 18. Types of high-risk HPV expresses oncoproteins E6 and E7 which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma through inhibition of the activity of gene group expression products that play a role in suppressing tumor growth, such as p53 and pRB. This process will cause morphological changes in the squamous epithelium from precancerous lesions to cancer. The development of squamous epithelial cell cancer can be prevented through screening tests in order to detect cervical cancer early. This study was aimed to obtain the oncogenesis, morphology, and early detection modality of cervical carcinoma. This was a literature review study using three databases, as follows: ClinicalKey, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The results explained that p53 and pRB suppression by high-risk HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 played an important role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma. Screening tests such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), Pap smears and HPV DNA have an important role as modalities for early detection of malignancy. More specifically VIA and Pap smears are suitable for Indonesia which is a developing country, especially when implemented in peripheral areas.Keywords: oncogenesis; morphological changes; early detection; cervical carcinoma  Abstrak: Insidens dan mortalitas kanker serviks di negara berkembang relatif tinggi dibandingkan negara maju. Faktor risiko utama dari kanker serviks adalah infeksi human papilloma virus (HPV) risiko tinggi yaitu tipe 16 dan 18. HPV tipe risiko tinggi mengekspresikan onkoprotein E6 dan E7, yang berperan penting dalam patogenesis karsinoma serviks melalui inhibisi terhadap aktivitas produk-produk ekspresi kelompok gen yang berperan dalam menekan pertumbuhan tumor, seperti p53 dan pRB. Proses ini akan menyebabkan perubahan morfologik pada epitel skuamosa mulai dari lesi prakanker sampai kanker. Perkembangan kanker sel epitel skuamosa dapat dicegah melalui pemeriksaan skrining guna mendeteksi dini kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui onkogenesis, morfologi, dan modalitas deteksi dini karsinoma serviks. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan tiga basis data yaitu ClinicalKey, PubMed, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa penekanan p53 dan pRB oleh onkoprotein HPV risiko tinggi E6 dan E7 sangat berperan penting dalam patogenesis karsinoma serviks. Tipe histologik tersering ialah tipe karsinoma sel skuamosa. Pemeriksaan skrining seperti pemeriksaan inspeksi visual dengan asam asetat (IVA), Pap smear dan HPV DNA memiliki peran penting sebagai modalitas deteksi dini keganasan. Lebih khusus IVA dan Pap smear cocok untuk negara Indonesia yang merupakan negara berkembang, terutama bila diimplementasikan di daerah perifer.Kata kunci: onkogenesis; perubahan morfologik; deteksi dini; karsinoma serviks
Co-Authors Fatti, Vally T. T. Kamalo, Kevin C. Lily L. Loho Lintong, Magdalena P. Meilany F. Durry Poppy M. Lintong Pungus, Monica Ch. Rapar, Elsani P. L.