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The immunomodulatory activity of ethanol extract of attarasa bark and fruit (Litsea cubeba (lour.) pers.) toward carbon clearance of mice (Mus musculus) Vivi Asfianti; Alfi Sapitri; Eva Diansari Marbun
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 2022: Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art20

Abstract

Abstract Background: Attarasa (L.a cubeba (Lour.) Pers.) is a potential Indonesian medicinal plant that is used as a cold remedy, head ulcers, antimicrobials, antioxidants, and anticancer drugs. Objective: This research was conducted to analyze the immunomodulatory effect of bark (EEKBA) and fruit of attarasa ethanolic extract (EEBA) by detecting its phagocytosis activity in male mice using carbon clearance method.Method: Total of 24 male mice were divided into 6 groups. Extract was orally administered to mices for 7 days at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW. Imboost® suspension at the dose of 32.5 mg/kg BW and CMC-Na 1 % suspension was orally administered in positive control, negative control and normal groups. On the 8th day, 0.1 ml carbon suspension was given through intravenous tail injection. The blood samples were withdrawn at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after injection of carbon suspension to find out the carbon absorbance contained in the blood that was measured using spectrophotometer then the carbon elimination speed, phagocytic index, and the stimulation index has been calculatedResult: EEKBA and EEBA at the dose of 400 mg/kg BW induced the higher carbon elimination rate in mice compared to EEKBA and EEBA dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW. Phagocytic index of macrophage in mice given with EEKBA and EEBA at dose of 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BW were 3.429, 3.501, and 3.925 for EEKBA consecutively; 4.289, 4.375 and 4.732 for EEBA respectively. Stimulation index of macrophage in mice given with EEKBA and EEBA at dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW were 1.00; 1.20, 1,02; 1,23, and 1,13; 1,33. Based on the results of statistical test, EEKBA and EEBA administration at the dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW stimulate the phagocytosis activity of the macrophage of male mice and significantly has different result compared to normal control group (p < 0.05). Phagocytosis activity was best shown at the mice group that administered EEKBA and EEBA at dose of 400 mg/kg BW and was shown not significantly different compared to positive control group (p > 0.05).  Conclusion: EEKBA and EEBA have immunomodulatory effect by increasing the phagocytosis activity of mice.Keywords: immunomodulatory, Litsea cubeba, carbon clearance, phagocytosis activity Intisari Latar belakang: Attarasa (Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.) merupakan tumbuhan obat potensial Indonesia yang digunakan sebagai obat flu, borok dikepala, antimikroba, antioksidan dan antikanker.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat mengamati efek imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang (EEKBA) dan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Attarasa (EEBA) terhadap aktivitas fagositosis pada mencit jantan dengan menggunakan metode carbon clearance.Metode: Sebanyak 24 ekor mencit jantan dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Ekstrak diberikan secara per oral selama 7 hari pada mencit jantan dengan dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB. Suspensi imboost® dengan dosis 32,5 mg/kg BB, suspensi CMC-Na 1% diberikan pada kelompok kontrol positif, negatif, dan normal. Pada hari ke-8 disuntikkan suspensi karbon 0,1 ml secara intravena di ekor mencit. Sampel darah dikumpulkan pada menit ke-5, 10, 15, dan 20 setelah diinjeksi dengan suspensi karbon untuk mengetahui absorbansi karbon dalam darah yang diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer kemudian dihitung kecepatan eliminasi karbon, indeks fagositosis, dan indeks stimulasinya.Hasil: EEKBA and EEBA dosis 400 mg/kg BB menghasilkan kecepatan eliminasi karbon yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan EEAB dan EEAF 100 dan 200 mg/kg BB. Indeks fagositosis yang dihasilkan dari pemejanan EEKBA and EEBA dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB terhadap hewan uji yaitu 3,429; 4,289; 3,501; 4,375 dan 3,925; 4,732. Indeks stimulasi makrofag yang diperoleh setelah hewan uji dipejani dengan EEKBA and EEBA dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB yaitu 1,00; 1,20, 1,02; 1,23, dan 1,13; 1,33. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik, pemberian EEKBA and EEBA pada dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kg BB dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis pada mencit jantan dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dengan CMC-Na 1% dan kelompok normal (p<0,05). Aktivitas fagositosis yang paling baik ditemukan pada pemberian EEKBA and EEBA dengan dosis 400 mg/kg BB dengan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan terhadap kelompok hewan uji yang diberi Imboost® (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: EEKBA and EEBA mempunyai efek imunomodulator dengan meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis pada mencit jantanKata kunci: imunomodulator, Litsea cubeba, carbon clearance, aktivitas  fagositosis.
PENENTUAN AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL CABAI MERAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Alfi Sapitri; Eva Diansari Marbun; Ulfayani Mayasari
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v26i1.39859

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol Cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) dan uji aktivitasnya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ini menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan menggunakan kertas cakram dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah dibuat dengan konsentrasi 45, 60, 75, dan 90%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode Kirby Bauer. Media yang digunakan sebagai uji antibakteri pada penelitian ini yaitu Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Hasil skrining fitokimia terhadap ekstrak etanol cabai merah menunjukkan adanya senyawa metabolit sekunder. Senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan Steroid/triterpenoid. Steroid berfungsi sebagai antimikroba. Hasil penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan adanya kandungan senyawa capsaicin yang terkenal sebagai senyawa aktif antimikroba. Ekstrak etanol cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli zona bening terendah pada konsentrasi 45% dan zona bening tertinggi pada konsentrasi 90%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak cabai merah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri.THE ABILITY OF RED CHILI ETHANOL EXTRACT IN INHIBITHING THE GROWTH OF BACTERIAThis study aimed to perform a phytochemical test on the ethanolic extract of red chili (Capsicum annum L.) and test its activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This antibacterial activity test used the agar diffusion method using disc paper with three repetitions. Red chili ethanol extract was made with concentrations of 45%, 60%, 75% and 90%. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method. The medium used as an antibacterial test in this study was Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). The results of phytochemical screening of red chili ethanol extract showed the presence of secondary metabolites. The secondary metabolites are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. Steroids serve as  antimicrobials. The results of this study also revealed the presence of capsaicin compounds which are known as active antimicrobial compounds. Red chili ethanol extract had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the lowest clear zone at a concentration of 45% and the highest clear zone at a concentration of 90%. It can be concluded that red chili extract has antibacterial activity against bacterial growth inhibition.
ACTIVITY ETHANOL EXTRACT, ETHYLE ACETATE FRACTION, N-HEXAN FRACTION OF SOFO-SOFO LEAVES (Acmella cf) Against Propionibacterium acnes AND Staphylococcus epidermidis AS ANTIBACTERIES Eva Diansari Marbun; Alfi Sapitri; Vivi Asfianti
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i1.23492

Abstract

Sofo-sofo leaves are traditional medicinal plants that have been known by the Nias people to cure fever, coughs, diarrhea and antimicrobial infections on the skin surface. The  purpose  of  this  study  was  to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and ethylacetate fraction Sofo-sofo leaf (Acmella cf) against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Simplicia powder was characterized and phytochemical screening was performed. Furthermore, it was isolated using 96% ethanol solvent and fractionated with  n-hexane and ethylacetate to obtain extracts. Then test the antibacterial activity of each extract against Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis by using a diffusion method disc paper. The research results obtained water content 5.66%, water soluble extract content 27.33%, ethanol soluble extract content 13.61%, total ash  content 14.39%, and  acid insoluble ash content 6.25%. The highest antibacterial activity was given by ethylacetate extract at a concentration of 2% (23.4 ± 0.2) compared to ethanol extract with a concentration of 2% (21.06 ± 0.85) and 2% concentrated n-hexane extract (19.36 ± 0.16) against the Propionibacterium acne bacteria. The highest antibacterial activity was ethyl acetate extract at a concentration of 2% (23.24 ± 0.23), ethanol extract with a concentration of 2% (16.36 ± 1.76) and n-hexane extract at a concentration of 2% (15.36 ± 0 , 11) against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The  antibacterial activity results were analyzed by the one way ANOVA test method. Based on these results it can be concluded that there are differences between treatment groups, which is indicated by a significant value <0.05.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAKDAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus dan Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Alfi Safitri; Eva Diansari Marbun; Denny Satria
Jurnal Farmanesia Vol 6 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Farmanesia
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (748.603 KB) | DOI: 10.51544/jf.v6i2.2757

Abstract

Kersen (Muntingiacalabura L) is one of the wild plants that have medicinal properties. Cherry leaves contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of cherry leaf extract (Muntingiacalabura L) against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Dau cherry extract was prepared using the maceration method using 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method. The results of the examination of the characteristics of the simplicia powder of cherry leaves obtained water content of 6.7%, water soluble extract content of 23.84%, marine ethanol content of 13.40%, total ash content of 1.61%, and acid insoluble ash content of 0.38%. Simplicia and cherry leaf extract contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, sapomime, steroids/triterpenoids. Antibacterial activity test showed that cherry leaf extract (Muntingiacalabura L) inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 10% (13.7 mm), 20% (14.1 mm), 30% (15.0 mm), 40% (16, 0 mm), 50% (17.6 mm). Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at concentrations of extract 10% (13.5 mm), 20% (14.0 mm), 30% (14.8 mm), 40% (15.8 mm), 50% (17, 0mm). Cherry leaf extract has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BIDARA ARAB (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) TERHADAP BAKTERI S. aureus DAN S. epidermidis: UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BIDARA ARAB (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) TERHADAP BAKTERI S. aureus DAN S. epidermidis Eva Diansari Marbun; Alfi Sapitri; Artha Yuliana Sianipar
FORTE JOURNAL Vol 2 No 1 (2022): Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022) : Edisi Januari
Publisher : Universitas Haji Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51771/fj.v2i1.200

Abstract

Bidara arab (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) merupakan tumbuhan semak atau pohon  berduri yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri EEDBA (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan S.epidermidis. Pembuatan EEDBA dilakukan dengan cara perkolasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan cara difusi menggunakan kertas cakram (Uji Kirby-Bauer). Hasil penelitian EEDBA sebagai antibakteri berdasarkan parameter luas zona hambat terhadap bakteri S. aureus dengan konsentrasi 2% rata-rata yaitu 11,2 mm, 3% yaitu 12,2 mm, 4% yaitu 13,4 mm, 5% yaitu 16,0 mm. Sedangkan bakteri S.epidermidis pada konsentrasi 2 % rata-rata yaitu 12,0 mm, 3% yaitu 14,6 mm, 4% yaitu 15,8 mm, 5% yaitu 16,6 mm serta diameter kontrol positif keduanya rata-rata yaitu 27,2 mm. Berdasarkan analisis statistik pada anova menunjukkan EEDBA (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) bisa menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan S.epidermidis dengan sangat nyata (Fh>Ft;α=0,05).
Utilization of Lemongrass Essential Oil (Cymbogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) as a Hand Sanitizer Alfi Sapitri; Vivi Asfianti; Eva Diansari Marbun
GANDRUNG: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): GANDRUNG: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Fakultas Olahraga dan Kesehatan, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/gandrung.v4i1.2369

Abstract

Hand sanitizer during the Covid-19 pandemic is very necessary to overcome community problems. Citronella (Cymbogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) is the species that produces the best essential oil compared to other species of citronella. The essential oil contained in citronella has properties, one of which is as an antiseptic. The purpose of this activity is for self-medication and optimizing the potential of citronella leaf herbal plants to become hand sanitizers as well as improving health and economy at the Medan Muslimah Foundation. This activity was carried out using the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method. The solutions offered to overcome the existing problems are: 1. Observing partners regarding the condition of the partner group, 2. Formulating problems, 3. Providing solutions, 4. Conducting socialization and training, 5. Monitoring and Evaluation. The results of the evaluation of activities that were attended by 20 participants were based on the level of knowledge, 90% of participants had good knowledge and 10% had sufficient knowledge. As many as 80% of participants benefit from this activity and 100% feel usefulness, interest and satisfaction in the activity. The positive response given by the participants to the FGD and Training activities.