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THE ANALYSIS OF VOCATIVES IN THE POEM OF THE COBRA-KING AND THE FROG-KING Anwar Saputra Waruwu; Tengku Silvana Sinar; Rohani Ganie
Jurnal Adabiya Vol 23, No 1 (2021): JURNAL ADABIYA
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/adabiya.v23i1.8635

Abstract

AbstractThis thesis entitled “VOCATIVES FOUND THE POEM OF THE COBRA-KING AND THE FROG-KING” is a study about vocatives in The Poem of The Cobra-King and The Frog-King. The aim of this study is to find out the functions of vocatives and types of vocatives also to find out the most dominant function and type of vocatives in The Poem of The Cobra-King and The Frog-King. The main theory used in supporting this study is a theory of vocatives as proposed by Zwicky (1974) and Bungin (2005). To support this study, the researcher employed a descriptive qualitative method since the data of this study are in the form of text. The result of this study indicates that there are two functions of vocatives found in this poem, such as Calls and Addresses. There are four types of vocatives found in this poem, namely Vocative that describes jobs, Vocative in the use of certain social words, Vocative based on characteristics and identity of the interlocutors, and Vocative based on the group of the interlocutors. The most dominant function of vocative found in this poem is the Addresses function that occurs 90 times or 80.36%, followed by Calls that occurs 22 times or 19.64%. While the most dominant type of vocative found is vocative in the use of social words became the most dominant types that occurs 85 times or 75.89% then followed by vocative based on the characteristics and identity of the interlocutors occurs 21 times or 18.75 %, vocative that describes jobs occurs 3 times or 2.67% and the last vocative based on the group of interlocutors occurs 3 times or 2.67 %.
From Labuhan Deli to Belawan: The Removal of Harbor in Medan during the Dutch Colonial Period of 1863-1942 Suprayitno Suprayitno; Ratna Ratna; Rohani Ganie; Handoko Handoko
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v3i2.999

Abstract

One of the effects of industrial development in plantation is the development in shipping and trade. Before the existence of plantations in East Sumatera, shipping and trade in Medan were centered at Labuhan Deli, as a river seaport. Periodically, shipping and trade activities at Labuhan Deli were in export and import from and to Malaya Peninsula (Penang and Malacca) and Singapore. The growth of plantations, of course, needed effective and efficient transportation. After the economy grew and was developed, Labuhan Deli as a river seaport was considered not effective and efficient anymore since ships with large cargoes could not sail on the river. Therefore, the Netherlands East Indies Government made a policy to build a new seaport which was located by the seaside in order to make loading and unloading goods easier. The Netherlands East Indies Government finally selected Belawan to be a new seaport for Medan. The research problems were as follows: how was the existence of Labuhan Deli by the policy of the Netherlands East Indies Government in moving the seaport to Belawan and what was the reason? How were the shipping and trade in Belawan seaport? These questions would be discussed in this research by using archives as the source and several writings published in Medan during the Dutch colonial period. The objective of the research was to describe the economic condition of the plantations which could change various aspects, specifically in shipping and trade. The research used historical research method which largely used archives from the Dutch colonial period, especially the statistics of shipping and trade, and the reports from BOW (Public Works Agency).