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Journal : Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences

Non-military Defense in Border Areas: A Case Study of the Indonesia-Malaysia Border in West Kalimantan Sahrun Gultom; Irdam Ahmad; Anwar Arifin; Edi Suhardono; David Yacobus
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i1.4366

Abstract

This study aims to explore the various problems faced by stakeholders, especially decision makers, in overcoming the complexities at the border between Indonesia and Malaysia in West Kalimantan. We obtained the latest conditions from in-depth interviews with 12 informants who were directly related to decision making at the location. We also conducted a series of focus group discussions and roundtable discussions to sharpen the multidimensional problems faced. We found that the problems on the border of West Kalimantan cover the dimensions of ideology, politics, technology, public safety, socio-culture, and the most important and the underlying is the economy, while legislation is not included. This study also proposes a hierarchy of dimensions of threats faced in border areas, which may also be applied in a similar context. We conclude that in overcoming the problem of non-military threats, mutual awareness among decision makers, especially BNPP, which is the leading institution in border area management, must be prioritized.
Problems of State Defense Financing Policy and Its Implications on The State Defense System in Indonesia Asral Efendi; M. Adnan Madjid; Irdam Ahmad; Tahan Samuel Lumban Toruan
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 5, No 3 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute August
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i3.6179

Abstract

The dynamics of Indonesia's strategic environment on an international, regional, and national scale have raised concerns about the emergence of threats in the form of military threats, non-military threats, and hybrid threats that can weaken national defense. For this reason, sufficient national defense financing is needed, so that Indonesia has a strong national defense system. This study aims to explore the problems found in the national defense financing policy in Indonesia and its implications for the National Defense System in Indonesia from a defense economic perspective. This research is descriptive qualitative by using library data. The results of the study indicate that there are several problematic policies on state defense financing in Indonesia,  that is funding for national defense is not sufficient enough, Defense's budget is still dominated by personnel expenditures, Implications for the funding of reserve components and supporting components, There is no synchronization of policies related to national defense financing, The defense financing policy has the potential to threaten the sovereignty, and finally, The perspective or paradigm that the defense budget at the Ministry of Defense is the only source of state defense financing in supporting the national defense function. This study also provides study recommendations through harmonization of laws related to the financing of state defense, to provide space for the public to participate in financing the national defense, and to develop collaborative governance in the financing of national defense.to strengthen the national defense system in the future.
Evaluation of Double Base Propellant Industry Independence, Using SWOT Analysis, Supply Side Mirad Fahri; Irdam Ahmad; Romie O Bura; Henry Setyanto
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 5, No 3 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute August
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i3.6976

Abstract

Until now, Indonesia is still importing Double Base Propellant (DBP) for the ammunition and rocket industry. It causes the Indonesian Defense Industry to not be independent. On the other hand, DBP raw materials are abundant in Indonesia. Cellulose and Glycerin are produced from plants or micro-organisms that contain lots of fiber and oil. Therefore, the purpose of writing this paper is to build on the above conditions through a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat or SWOT analysis. Starting with the search for data references, then followed by the implementation of workshop activities and discussions and in-depth interviews with experts to find the depth of the data and the assessments of these experts. The SWOT analysis findings provide a perspective and map of the relationship between SWOT elements and alternative action plans. Discussions on building strengths, minimizing weaknesses, looking for opportunities, and countering threats, resulted in recommendations for prioritizing the preparation of a roadmap for the independence of the propellant raw material and the raw material industry dedicated to the propellant industry.