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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Perfecting a Video Game with Game Metrics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Hidayat Zainuddin
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Comparative Study on the AC Brekadown Voltage of Palm Fatty Acid Ester Insulation Oils Mixed With Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Mohd Safwan Mohamad; Hidayat Zainuddin; Sharin Ab Ghani; Imran Sutan Chairul
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 6, No 4: August 2016
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (704.392 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v6i4.pp1481-1488

Abstract

Mineral oils are are derived from petroleum which is a non-renewable and non-sustainable source, and therefore there is a critical need to develop alternative insulation oils for use in transformers.  Ester oils offer a number of benefits over mineral oils such as good biodegradability, high cooling stability, good oxidation stability and excellent insulation performance. Nowadays, nanotechnology has become one of the most important research fields in both the academia and industry and it has been shown in previous studies that nanoscale materials are beneficial for transformers. In this regard, the objective of this study is to compare the AC breakdown voltage of palm fatty acid ester (PFAE) oils mixed with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The PFAE-based nanofluids are prepared using two methods: (1) Method I (weight-based method whereby the concentration of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is 0.01 g/l) and (2) Method II (volume-fraction method whereby the concentration of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles is 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%). The AC breakdown voltage test is conducted on the PFAE-based nanofluids in accordance with the ASTM D1816 standard test method. Weibull statistical analysis is carried out to analyse the AC breakdown voltage of fresh PFAE oil and PFAE-based nanofluids. It is found that there is enhancement of the AC breakdown voltage for all PFAE-based nanofluids with the exception of with the exception of one sample prepared using Method II (0.01% Fe3O4 nanoparticles).
Development of Test Vessel for Gas Insulation Breakdown Test Ayuamira Zahari; Hidayat Zainuddin; Muhammad Saufi Kamarudin; Nur Farhani Ambo; Jamaludin Mohd Wari; Imran Sutan Chairul
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 9, No 2: June 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.351 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i2.pp873-879

Abstract

This paper discusses a new test vessel developed to investigate the breakdown test performance of gas insulation. The test vessel is equipped with certain specialty including pressure chamber and control measures. Through help from a steering, it is provide of controlling the gap length of the electrodes without the need of removing the gas. Other control measures include humidity, temperature, and pressure readings. The humidity and temperature are read wirelessly and from the readings, the necessary atmospheric corrections can be made according to standards. The developed vessel is then tested with AC breakdown test using air with various gap lengths and various electrode configurations. There are two types of electrode configuration used in this project i.e., rod (R0.5)-plane and plane-plane.
Exploration of the Potential of Reclaimed Waste Cooking Oil for Oil-Immersed Power Transformers Imran Sutan Chairul; Sharin Ab Ghani; Hidayat Zainuddin; Nor Hidayah Rahim; Mohd Aizam Talib; Nor Hafiz Nor Rahman
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 15, No 2: June 2017
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v15i2.6151

Abstract

In this study, reclaimed waste cooking oil is proposed as an alternative insulating liquid for oil-immersed power transformers. Reclamation is carried out by heating a mixture of waste cooking oil and Fuller’s Earth adsorbent and followed by filtration. Propyl gallate antioxidant is then added into the filtered oil. Four oil samples are investigated in this study: (1) new cooking oil (NCO), (2) waste cooking oil (WCO), (3) reclaimed oil (RWCO) and (4) reclaimed oil with propyl gallate antioxidant (RWCOPG). The AC breakdown voltage, moisture content and total acid number is measured for all oil samples according to the ASTM D1816, ASTM D1533 and ASTM D974 standard test method, respectively. The results show that the AC breakdown voltage is highest for the RWCOPG sample (28.08 kV), which is 0.4% higher than the standard requirement of 20 kV. The moisture content for this sample is 180.60 ppm, which is still below the allowable limit of 200 ppm. However, the total acid number is highest for the RWCOPG sample which suggests that it has high acidity. It is indicated that the antioxidant-reclaimed waste cooking oil has potential to be used as an insulating liquid for oil-immersed power transformers, but much work is still needed to reduce the total acid number of this oil.
Combination of narrow bipolar pulses and attempted leaders in Melaka, Malaysia Nur Asyiqin Binti Mohd Isa; Zikri Abadi Baharudin; Izdihartun Najihah Binti Ahmad Daud; Hidayat Zainuddin
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 25, No 3: March 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1825-1830

Abstract

This paper presents the characteristic of the positive attempted leaders preceded by positive narrow bipolar pulses (NPBPs). Attempted leaders are the preliminary breakdown process with no subsequent event (return stroke). On the other hand, narrow bipolar pulse is the lightning event commonly isolated and produces a strong electromagnetic field (in a short period). Attempted leaders hardly occurred in the tropics, and the preceding of the NBP (the combination) should be considered unique. In this present study, we found four samples in which the arithmetic means of duration of NPBPs pulse was 32.19 µs, with separation between the positive attempted leader was 1.86 ms apart. For the positive attempted leader, the arithmetic means of the whole pulse train, individual pulse and interval pulse of positive attempted leaders were 3.47 ms, 29.66 µs and 486.53 µs, respectively. The pulse train in this study seems to fade out fast compared to the isolated positive attempted leader pulse train. Next, the NPBP's pulse duration in this study shows well in agreement with the type of isolated NPBPs indicates that the association does not affect its pulse duration characteristic already present in the title.
Distribution of attempted leader with monsoon seasons and negative cloud-to-ground flashes in Melaka, Malaysia Nur Asyiqin Isa; Zikri Abadi Baharudin; Hidayat Zainuddin; Tole Sutikno; Maslan Zainon; Ahmad Aizan Zulkefle
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 23, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i3.pp1324-1330

Abstract

Ninety (90) waveforms recognized as attempted leader were identified with both positive (84 events) and negative (6 events) initial polarity observed from four consecutive years of data (N=10,206). The positive attempted leader shows no correlation with the number of thunderstorms producing it during monsoon. Meanwhile, the negative attempted leader during monsoon and both polarity of attempted leader (positive and negative) during inter-monsoon shows positive correlation with the number of thunderstorms producing it. In this study, the yearly statistical distribution of negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes which were classified as positive preliminary breakdown pulses (214 events) and negative preliminary breakdown pulses (4982 events) in accordance of their preliminary polarity were also presented. In addition, there is no relationship of attempted leader and the initial breakdown of negative ground flash since both mechanisms performed as a negative correlation.
Co-Authors Ahmad Aizan Zulkefle Ayuamira Zahari Imran Sutan Chairul Izdihartun Najihah Binti Ahmad Daud Jamaludin Mohd Wari Maslan Zainon Mohd Aizam Talib Mohd Safwan Mohamad Muhammad Saufi Kamarudin Nor Hafiz Nor Rahman Nor Hidayah Rahim Nur Asyiqin Binti Mohd Isa Nur Asyiqin Isa Nur Farhani Ambo Sharin Ab Ghani Tole Sutikno Zikri Abadi Baharudin