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Magnesium deficiency associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto; Robert Dwitama Adiwinoto; Jongky Hendro Prajitno
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v10i3.20916

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause of visual impairment in the working-age population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Magnesium (Mg) is involved in various metabolic processes and in experimental animal studies; Mg has shown essential roles in physiological eye function. Magnesium deficiency is common in T2DM; therefore we analyzed the association between serum Mg status and the presence of DR in T2DM patients. Systematic literature searching in several databases, from 1988 to September 2020, was performed using search terms: “serum magnesium” or “hypomagnesemia” and “diabetic retinopathy” or “retinopathy”. A total of 3,227 patients from 17 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Hypomagnesemia was associated with increased risk of developing DR (OR 4.52 [2.08, 9.81], p=0.0001) in T2DM patients. Serum Mg levels also lower in patients with DR than those without DR (MD –0.30 mg/dL [–0.44, –0.15], p<0.0001). Additionally, serum Mg levels were lower in patients with proliferative DR (PDR) than those with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) (MD-0.21 mg/dL [–0.34, –0.09], p=0.0009). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis did not change the overall effect. Hypomagnesemia or low serum Mg levels in T2DM patients increased the risk of developing DR.
DIABETES RISK FACTOR SCREENING IN ADULTS USING PERKENI QUESTIONNAIRE AND ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST IN SOCAH COUNTY, BANGKALAN Radin H Kamal; Dwiki Novendrianto; Faizah Chadijah; Galan Budi Prasetya; Gilang Satria Pratama; Mentari Octarina Ariadnya; Nikita Gladys Larasati; Nur Lia F Darain; Ovitrani Nanda; Silvi Mavita; Usamah Usamah; Jongky Hendro Prajitno
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53 No. 3 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (55.924 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v53i3.6448

Abstract

There are 8.4 million diabetes adult patients in Indonesia and most remained undiagnosed. Screening process for diabetes is very important. PERKENI has recommended the use of questionnaire and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) as risk factor screening tools. This study aimed to find out the use of PERKENI questionnaire and OGTT in adults as diabetes risk factor screening tools. This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in 2015 in Socah County Bangkalan. Participants (n=91) were interviewed regarding diabetes risk factor using PERKENI questionnaire. Anthropometric (height, weight, and abdominal circumference) measurements were also taken. The results were categorized into: very low risk, increased risk, moderate risk and high risk. Only those categorized as high risk were asked to take OGTT. Exclusion criteria were participants who had been diagnosed with diabetes by a physician and/or routinely taking anti diabetic medication, consumed drugs during the previous two weeks and does not finish the required procedures. From 91 eligible participants, only 9 (9.89%) were categorized as high risk. The result of OGTT were: 4 were within normal limit, 1 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 4 were newly diagnosed with diabetes. The use of PERKENI questionnaire and OGTT in high risk adult population as a diabetes risk factor screening tool increased new findings of diabetes cases. Our analysis may support the adoption of diabetes risk factor screening methods through questionnaires and OGTT in high risk adult population, especially in low resource setting.
Poor Glycemic Control is Correlated with Reduced Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Archangela Olivia Eugenia; Achmad Firdaus Sani; Hermawan Susanto; Jongky Hendro Prajitno
Biomolecular and Health Science Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Biomolecular and Health Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bhsj.v5i1.31880

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia is increasing and is known to cause several complications related to the patient’s glycemic control. A chronic hyperglycemic state will lead to microvascular injury of the brain resulting in cognitive impairment as one of the complications of T2DM. Therefore, our present study observed the correlation between glycemic control and cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM.Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design of T2DM patients in endocrine outpatient clinics of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021. The subjects were recruited consecutively then categorized into groups with controlled (HbA1c < 7%) and uncontrolled (HbA1c ≥ 7%) blood glucose. The cognitive function was evaluated using the AD8 informant-based questionnaire.Results: A total of 43 adult T2DM patients aged < 65 years were recruited. The incidence of cognitive impairment was not significantly different (p=0.127) between controlled and uncontrolled blood glucose groups. However, HbA1c levels were positively and significantly correlated with AD8 scores (p=0.031, R=0.330). Moreover, the duration of T2DM was found to significantly affect cognitive abnormalities in these patients. (p=0.021).Conclusion: Poor glycemic control in T2DM patients increased the risk of developing reduced cognitive function.
The effect of diabetes exercise on the quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients Nur Rachmawati Maulida; Jongky Hendro Prajitno; Nuniek Nugraheny Sulistiawaty
Jurnal Keolahragaan Vol 10, No 1: April 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keolahragaan Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jk.v10i1.46115

Abstract

Physical inactivity and obesity are some of the main risk factors for diabetes mellitus (DM). The presence of DM might result in impaired quality of life (QoL). Our study aimed to firstly determine the association between diabetes exercise status and the QoL in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and secondly to explore other factors associated with QoL among T2DM patients. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design of T2DM patients in dr. Trimurti primary health care (PHC) from January – December 2019. The subjects were recruited consecutively then categorized into treatment group (who performed diabetes exercise program) and control group (who did not perform diabetes exercise program).  then observed as in the exercise group (who performed diabetes exercise program) and in the non-exercise group (who did not perform diabetes exercise program). The dependent variable was the QoL and was collected through a modified questionnaire made from 30 questions. The maximum score for QoL was 120 (all 4 on the Likert scale) and the score results were categorized as poor if the score was 96.5 and good if the score was 96.5. Meanwhile, other data (comorbidities, exercise status, glycaemic status) were obtained through medical records. A total of 60 adult T2DM patients were recruited, consisting of 30 subjects each in the non-exercise and exercise groups. Male subjects, aged 65 years, had bachelor's degrees, retired, married, had very high income, had no comorbidities, and exercised independently every week tended to have good QoL. In the exercise group, the majority of subjects (60%) performed diabetes exercise every two weeks and the majority (90%) had random blood glucose levels 200 mg/dL. The chi-square test revealed a significant associaton between participation in diabetes exercise and QoL in T2DM subjects. Participation in diabetes exercise is associated with good QoL and better glycemic control in T2DM patients.