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Effects of Antioxidants as Prestorage Seed Invigoration Treatments on Storability of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seeds YULLIANIDA YULLIANIDA; ENDANG MURNIATI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2005): December 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Oilly seeds, such as those of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), have short storability (3-4 months in room condition) due to oxidative stress during storage. The objective of this research was to determine whether prestorage seed invigoration by antioxidants, could improve storability of sunflower seeds. The research was performed using fresh harvested seeds. Prestorage seed invigorations were conducted by matriconditioning with water or antioxidants solution i.e. 4.17% curcumin or 100 and 150 ppm ascorbic acid. The seeds were stored for four months at room condition (28-29 oC and 62-79% relative humidity). Observations were conducted monthly. Experiment was arranged in split plot design. The result showed that all prestorage seed invigoration treatments were not effective to enhance storability of sunflower seeds compared to control. Inefficiency exogenous antioxidants was probably due to highly endogenous antioxidants activity during storage. This was indicated by the slow deterioration rate of control seeds, or due to high concentration of curcumin which was actually potential to enhance storability of sunflower seeds. It is suggested that presowing treatment and midstorage treatment will enhance storability of sunflower seeds.Back

Pengaruh Jenis Media Perkecambahan dan Perlakuan Pra Perkecambahan terhadap Viabilitas Benih Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dan Hubungannya dengan Sifat Dormansi Benih Endang Murniati; Marlia Suminar
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 34 No. 2 (2006): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The experiment was conducted at Leuwikopo Lath House and Seed Science and Technology Laboratory Department of Agronomy, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga, Bogor, from March to June 2004. The objective of this research was to study the effects of germination substrate and pre germination treatment on the noni seed viability in relation to the seed dormancy. The research was arranged in the Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors. The first factor was germination substrates, consisted of sand, paddy charcoal and soil mixed with compost (1:1). The second factor was pre germination treatments, consisted of control, scarification, KNO3 1%, KNO3 2%, warm water (470C), combination of scarification and KNO3 1%, combination of scarification and KNO3 2%, combination of scarification and warm water (470C). This result showed that soil mixed with compost (1:1) was the best substrate for noni seed germination. Pre germination treatments as well as interaction between germination substrate and pre germination treatment had no significant effect on noni seed viability. Enforced dormancy occured on seeds which was germinated on paddy charcoal substrate. Key words : Morinda citrifolia seed, pre germination, paddy charcoal, enforced dormancy

Pengaruh Sarcotesta dan Kadar Air Benih terhadap Kandungan Total Fenol dan Daya Simpan Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Maryati Sari; M. R. Suhartanto; Endang Murniati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 35 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

There are phenolic compounds in sarcotesta of papaya seed which can act either as inhibitor or as antioxidant. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of sarcotesta and seed moisture content on total phenolic content and seed longevity of papaya seed. The experiment was conducted in November 2004 - May 2005, at Bogor Agicultural University, by using papaya seed (IPB-1) harvested from Center for Tropical Fruit Studies orchard in Bogor. In this study, seeds were dried in the absence and presence of sarcotesta until 11-12% and 6-7% moisture content (mc). After drying, seeds were packed in sealed plastic bag and stored in ambient room until 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks. Seed viability and total phenolic compound were evaluated every 3 weeks. Total phenolic content of seed with sarcotesta was higher (> 327mg/100g dry weight) than the seed without sarcotesta (

Pengaruh Perlakuan Deoperkulasi Benih dan Media Perkecambahan untuk Meningkatkan Viabilitas Benih Aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) Aenur Rofik; Endang Murniati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 36 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The research was aimed at studying the effects of seed deoperculation treatment and germination substrate to enhance viability of sugar palm seed. This research was conducted from February until August 2006 at Seed Science and Technology Laboratory and Turfgrass area. Randomized block design with 2 factors was used in this research. The first factor consisted of five treatments namely: control, without seed treatment (P0), deoperculation with sand paper precisely on the embryo position (PI), deoperculated seed and heating in the incubator at 40oC for 5 minutes (P2), deoperculated seed and soaking in the potassium nitrate (KNO3 0.5%) for 36 hours (P3) and deoperculated seed, soaking in the potassium nitrate for 36 hours and heating in the incubator at 40oC for 5 minutes (P4). The second factor substrate used for germination consisted of five types, i.e., sand (M1), soil and compost mixed, each in equal (1:1) portions by weight (w/w) (M2), saw dust (M3), cocopeat (M4) and paddy charcoal (M5). The result showed that seed deoperculation gave very significant effect to enhance seed viability. The interaction between seed treatment and substrate significantly influenced on potential growth, germination percentage, speed of germination, the length of embryonic axis and the length of root. The highest potential growth of 96.67% was obtained from deoperculated seed and heating in the incubator at 40oC for five minutes and germinated in sand, whereas highest germination percentage of 88.33% was reached by deoperculated seed and germinated in sand. Sand (M1), cocopeat (M4) and paddy charcoal (M5) were suitable for germination substrate of sugar palm seed. Key words: Sugar palm seed, seed viability, deoperculation, cocopeat, paddy charcoal.

Pengaruh Sarcotesta dan Pengeringan Benih serta Perlakuan Pendahuluan terhadap Viabilitas dan Dormansi Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Maryati Sari; Endang Murniati; M. Rahmad Suhartanto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 33 No. 2 (2005): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Improved seed longevity by seed drying and application of phenolic compound as natural antioxidant is the topic of this research. In many cases the sensitivity of papaya seed to drying is being the limit factor because of desiccation injury or induced dormancy. There is phenolic compound on the sarcotesta surrounding papaya seed which may act either as antioxidant or as germination inhibitor. The effect of sarcotesta and seed drying on viabillity and dormancy was studied. The experiment was conducted in July - October 2004, located at Bogor Agricultural University, used papaya seed (IPB-1) which harvested from Pusat Kajian Buah Tropika (PKBT) farm in Bogor. In the last study, seed was dried in the absence and presence of sarcotesta until 11-12% and 6-7% moisture content (mc). After drying, seed viability was measured by tetrazolium test. The hardness of seed was also measured using penetrometer. Seed germination was tested by (1) soaking on 10% KNO3, (2) scarification on water using electrical stirrer, (3) soaking on 10% KNO3 with scarification using electrical stirrer, (4) scarification on the hot water (50oC) followed by soaking on 10% KNO3. In the absence of sarcotesta, the viability of 6-7% mc seed was as high as 11-12% mc seed. There was neither viability reduction nor induced dormancy. Whereas in the presence of sarcotesta, there was also no viability reduction but the dormancy was induced. The dormancy of seed with 11-12% mc was longer than seed with 6-7% mc. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that sarcotesta was removed by cleaning treatment before drying. On the contrary, sarcotesta was not completely removed from the seed and became more impermeable when cleaning was done after drying.This research can not suggest the most effective pre-treatment to break the dormancy. The mechanism of the dormancy is discused. Key words: Carica papaya L., seed drying, sarcotesta, seed viability, seed dormancy

PENGARUH KAPUR TOHOR UNTUK EKSTRAKSI BENIH TERHADAP VlABILITAS BEIH MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L Endang Murniati; , Rostiati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 27 No. 1 (1999): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the possibility of using quick lime for extraction of mangosteen seed and the effects on its viability; The experiment was done in Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Greenhouse, Bogor Agriculture University from November 1997 until February 1998. The materials were taken from smallholder plantation in Jasinga, Bogor. The treatments were arranged factorial in a group randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was 6 levels of quick lime concentration (K) : 0 g/l, 10 g/l, 15 g/l, 20 g/l, 25 g/l, 30 g/l and the second factor was 4 levels of soak periods: 0 minute, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes. The experiments had 24 treatments combination with 4 replicates so there were 72 experiment units. The data show that seed extraction using quick lime gave statistically significant different results compared with seed extraction without using quick lime and so the soak periods compared with no soak. Interaction between 20 g/l quick lime concentration and 30 minutes soak period gave the best seed emergence (96 %). 20 g/l quick lime concentration save higher vigour than other concentration as measured from its speed of germination, spontaneous growth, and root length. The soak periods increased seed moisture content 30 minutes soak period resulted higher viability and vigour than other soak periods as measured from its normal seed dry weigh, spontaneous growth, epycotyl length and root length.

Pengaruh Skarifikasi dan Media Tumbuh Terhadap Viabilitas Benih dan Vigor Kecambah Aren Muhammad Salim Saleh; Enny Adelina; Endang Murniati; Tati Budiarti
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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The research aims to find out the effect of seed scarification and germination substrat to seed viability and seedling vigor of aren. The Experiment applied a group random design (RAK) with factorial style consiting of two factors. The first factor are scarification treatment:S0=without scarification, S1=scarification+trcatment 40 oC, S2=scarification+KN03 0.5%, soaked for 36 hours+tempcrature 40oC, the second factor arc germination substrat: M0=sand, M1=rice coal, M2=cocopith, M3=soil from palm tree+organic materil (1:1), M4=M3+fertilizer NPK (1 g per kg media). The highest seed germination was found in the scarification+KN03 0.5%, soaked for 36 hours+ temperature 40 oC which growing on media of palm oil soil+organic fertilizer (1:1)+fertilizer NPK (1g per kg media) that 83.33-86.67% and germinating speed 0.85-1.04% ctmal. There treatment also effected on seedling vigor normal vigours germination indicated by dry content weight and hypotctic vigor index. Keywords: aren, scarification, germination substrat

Karakterisasi 10 genotipe jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) lokal Memen Surahman; Endang Murniati; . Misnen
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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This study aimed to obtain genotypes of local jatropha has the potential to be developed through the characterization based on quantitative and qualitative characters. The experiment was conducted in August 2009-April 2010 took place at the experimental PT. Indocement, Citereup-Bogor. Materials used jatropha cuttings from 10 genotypes (Banten, Medan, Biak, IP-2P, Bengkulu, Sukabumi, Bali, Sulawesi, Bogor, and Lombok). The observed character is the character of quantitative and qualitative. The results showed 10 genotypes Jatropha tested has the color green of young stems and old stems green color gray. The color of shoots is green, and coloor of old leaf is dark green.The color of leaf bones is purple and green, leaf textureis coarse, and leaves bones clearly visible. Genotype that has hermaphrodite flowers are Banten, Biak, Bengkulu, and Sukabumi. The best genotype was Banten with leaf number 74, branch height 48 em, number of panicles 1 plant 12.2, the number of fruits I plant 110.5, wet seed weight I plant 288.7 g, and dry seed weight I plant 193.8 g. Variables wet seed weight I plant is a selection of characters that can be used to increase the yield of dry seed weight 1 plant. Another character that indirectly affect significantly positive effect on dry seed weight of stem diameter, leaf number, number of fruits per panicle, and number of fruit I plant. Selection on vegetative characters can not be used as selection criteria.

Pengaruh Tingkat Kemasakan Buah, Metode Ekstraksi Buah, Metode Pengeringan, Jenis Kemasan, dan Lama Penyimpanan pada Mutu Benih Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) Memen Surahman; Endang Murniati; Fifin Nashirotun Nisya
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Provision of jatropha (Jatropha curcas) seeds along with providing high yielding varieties, is needed to ensure high seed quality. This experiment aimed to observe the pattern of jatropha seed treatment, namely the effect of fruit maturity, fruit extraction methods, seed drying, seed packaging type, and storage duration of seed on the seeds quality. The experiment was conducted from June to November 2011. Jatropha plants used as sources of seeds were obtained from jatropha plantations PT Indocement Tunggal, Tbk, Citeureup, Bogor. Seed handling experiments was conducted at the Seed Technology Laboratory, IPB. The results showed that the level of fruit maturity did not significantly affect the moisture content of seeds, the seeds germination and speed of seedlings growth, but it was significantly affect the dry weight of seed, dry weight of normal seedling, and oil content. The fruit extraction affected the time of peeling, duration of seed sortage, amount of impurities and the extent of seed damage, but it was not significantly affect the seed germination. The seed drying did not significantly affect the seed germination. The length of storage that can retain up to 51% seed germination during 3 months storage was the seed that have been stored in earthen barrel.

KOMPATIBILITAS BATANG BAWAH NANGKA TAHAN KERING DENGAN ENTRIS NANGKA ASAL SULAWESI TENGAH DENGAN CARA SAMBUNG PUCUK Yohanis Tambing; Enny Adelina; Tati Budiarti; Endang Murniati
Agroland: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

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The research on vegetative breeding of jack fruit has been conducted through grafting method, aiming at finding out the compatibility of lower cultivar resisting to drought stress with the jack fruit entries of pre-eminent varieties originally from central Sulawesi. Generally, the results of the research indicated that all entries except those grafted with the root stock BK-3 and TL-5 could only survive for 2 weeks leaving only their dead scions. The latter appeared to be compatible with the Palupi entries as they were still able to live and grew until this research ended

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