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Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activities of Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) Ethanolic Extract Leaves Retno Widowati; Sri Handayani; Ahmad Ridho Al Fikri
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 4 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.26.4.562

The aim of the current research was to perform phytochemical screening and to know the pathogenic antibacterial activities of senggani leaves extract. Phytochemical screening was done by testing eight active compounds. Antibacterial activities testing was done by using well diffusion method at concentration level of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. Positive control was amoxicillin, while the negative control was aquadest. Meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Research design applied was complete random design, in which the data collected were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, continued by post-hoc test through Tukey method to know which concentration provide the most significant difference. Research results showed that ethanolic extract of senggani leaves has eight active compounds, those are phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, glycosides, steroids, and saponins. This further proved that the ethanolic extract of senggani leaves have antibacterial activity and are able to inhibit the growth of all bacteria tested. The best ability shown to inhibit E. coli bacteria was at concentration of 100%, Sh. dysenteriae and P. aeruginosa started at the concentration of 75%, and S. aureus started at the concentration of 50%. Keywords: active compounds, bacteria growth, inhibition, well diffusion

Daya Hambat Ekstrak Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) Asal Bengkulu Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Kulit Anika Rizki; Sri Handayani; Retno Widowati
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 13 (2022): Nomor Khusus Februari 2022
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf13nk206

Bengkulu is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is famous for its superior commodity in the form of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora). The advantages of robusta coffee from Bengkulu continue to be explored, one of which is as a natural antimicrobial ingredient. This study aims to determine the potential antibacterial inhibition of robusta coffee bean extract from Bengkulu, against bacteria that cause skin infections (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The method used was disc diffusion. The inhibitory power of robusta coffee bean extract against test bacteria was measured by the inhibition zone formed. The concentrations of the robusta coffee bean ethanol extract used were 25%, 50%, and 75%. The data obtained were then analyzed using the One-Way Anova test. The results of the analysis showed that the robusta coffee bean extract from Bengkulu with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75% had an inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria that cause skin infections. The higher the concentration of the extract, the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone formed. Robusta coffee bean extract provided the largest inhibition zone for S. epidermidis and S. aureus bacteria starting at a concentration of 50%. Meanwhile, for P. aeruginosa, robusta coffee bean extract gave the largest inhibition zone at a concentration of 75%. The results of the Tukey test subsets showed that there was a significant difference in the inhibitory zone of robusta coffee bean extract on S. epidermidis bacteria with S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria. Meanwhile, for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria, robusta coffee bean extract had the same inhibition zone.Keywords: bacteria that cause skin infections; robusta coffee beans; inhibitionABSTRAK Bengkulu merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang terkenal akan komoditas unggulan berupa kopi robusta (Coffea canephora). Kelebihan kopi robusta asal Bengkulu terus dieksplorasi, salah satunya adalah sebagai bahan antimikrobial alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat sebagai potensi antibakteri dari ekstrak biji kopi robusta asal Bengkulu, terhadap bakteri penyebab infeksi kulit (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi cakram. Daya hambat ekstrak biji kopi robusta terhadap bakteri uji diukur dengan zona hambat yang terbentuk. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol biji kopi robusta yang digunakan yaitu 25%, 50%, dan 75%. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji One-Way Anova. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji kopi robusta asal Bengkulu dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, dan 75% mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab infeksi kulit. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, maka semakin besar diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk. Ekstrak biji kopi robusta memberikan zona hambat terbesar pada bakteri S. epidermidis dan S. aureus mulai konsentrasi 50%. Sedangkan pada bakteri P. aeruginosa ekstrak biji kopi robusta memberikan zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 75%. Hasil subsets uji Tukey menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan zona hambat ekstrak biji kopi robusta pada bakteri S. epidermidis dengan bakteri S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa. Sedangkan pada bakteri S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa, ekstrak biji kopi robusta mempunyai zona hambat yang tidak berbeda.Kata kunci: bakteri penyebab infeksi kulit; biji kopi robusta; daya hambat

KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTHOS, MEIOFAUNA DAN FORAMINIFERA DI PANTAI PASIR PUTIH BARAT DAN MUARA SUNGAI CIKAMAL PANGANDARAN, JAWA BARAT Noortiningsih Noortiningsih; Ikna Suyatna Jalip; Sri Handayani
VIS VITALIS Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2008): VIS VITALIS
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (156.758 KB)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keanekaragaman Makrozoobenthos, Meiofauna dan Foraminifera di dua lokasi berdasarkan perbedaan substrat. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode transek, setiap lokasi diambil tiga stasiun dengan total pengambilan sampel 15 titik. Hasil penelitian Makrozoobenthos di Muara Sungai Cikamal didapat 3 filum, 4 kelas, 6 ordo dan 18 famili dengan kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 2 yaitu dari Maldanidae (44,44%), keanekaragaman adalah 1,21, dan untuk keseragaman yaitu 0,89. Di Pantai Pasir Putih diperoleh 3 filum, 5 kelas, 5 ordo dan 22 family. Nilai kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 1 yaitu Cirolanidae (100%), nilai keanekaragaman 2,42, dan indeks keseragaman 0,47. Foraminifera di muara sungai Cikamal didapat 13 family dan 17 marga dengan nilai kelimpahan tertinggi marga Rotalia (21,67%), keanekaragaman dan keseragaman tertinggi pada stasiun 2 yaitu 2,24 dan 0,85. Sedangkan di Pantai Pasir Putih didapat 11 family dan 15 marga. Kelimpahan tertinggi yaitu dari marga Textularia (55,74%), keanekaragaman dan keseragaman tertinggi pada stasiun 2 (1,81 dan 0,70). Meiofauna di muara sungai Cikamal didapatkan sebanyak 5 filum, 5 kelas, 2 sub kelas, dan 1 ordo. Kelimpahan tertinggi dari kelas Foraminifera (89,02%), dengan keanekaragaman 0,48, dan keseragaman 0,45. Di pantai Pasir Putih didapatkan 5 filum, 5 kelas, 3 anak kelas, dan 1 ordo. Kelimpahan tertinggi dari kelas Oligochaeta (77,63%) dengan keanekaragaman 1,22, dan nilai keseragaman 0,73.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FITOPLANKTON DI PERAIRAN PANTAI SEKITAR MERAK BANTEN DAN PANTAI PENET LAMPUNG Sri Handayani; Imran SL Tobing
VIS VITALIS Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 1 (2008): VIS VITALIS
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Nasional

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A study of phytoplankton diversity in coastal territorial water of Merak, Banten and Penet Lampung were using sub sampling method. The sample was taken from defined stations. The value diversity index and equitabiliity index asses both area showed value which high relative. This indicated that territorial water of both area still competent to support life of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton species coastal territorial water community found are Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta.

Senyawa Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Buah Lerak (Sapindus rarak) terhadap Tiga Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Nosokomial Retno Widowati; Muhammad Firdaus Ramdani; Sri Handayani
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 13, No 3 (2022): Juli 2022
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf13315

Nosocomial infection is one of the microorganism infections in the hospital environment which is very detrimental to the world of health. One of the potential natural ingredients that can be an alternative to antibacterial compounds in preventing nosocomial infections is lerak fruit (Sapindus rarak). This study aims to determine the active phytochemical compounds and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of lerak fruit in inhibiting the growth of bacteria that cause nosocomial infections. The method used was a factorial completely randomized design. Types of phytochemical tests used were tests for alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the tube diffusion method with several variations in concentration; 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The types of bacteria tested were Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). Data analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA then followed by post-hoc test to determine the concentration that gave the most significant difference in effect using Tukey's test. The results of the analysis showed that the lerak fruit had eight active substances as tested. The antibacterial inhibition zone showed the presence of a radical zone and an irradical zone. The ethanolic extract of lerak fruit has antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The nature of the ethanolic extract of the lerak fruit against the test bacteria was bacteriostatic.Keywords: antibacterial; phytochemicals; nosocomial infections; lerak fruit ABSTRAK Infeksi nosokomial merupakan salah satu infeksi mikroorganisme di lingkungan rumah sakit yang sangat merugikan dunia kesehatan. Salah satu potensi bahan alam yang dapat menjadi alternatif senyawa antibakteri dalam mencegah infeksi nosokomial adalah buah lerak (Sapindus rarak). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol buah lerak dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab infeksi nosokomial. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Jenis uji fitokimia yang digunakan adalah uji untuk alkaloid, saponin, tanin, fenolik, flavonoid, triterpenoid, steroid, glikosida. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan beberapa variasi konsentrasi; 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Jenis bakteri yang diuji adalah Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan One-way ANOVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji post-hoc untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang memberikan perbedaan efek paling bermakna menggunakan uji Tukey. Hasil analisis menunjukkan buah lerak memiliki delapan zat aktif sesuai yang diujikan. Zona hambat antibakteri menunjukkan adanya zona radikal dan zona irradikal. Ekstrak etanol buah lerak memiliki daya antibakteri yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. epidermidis, S. aureus, dan P. aeruginosa. Sifat dari ekstrak etanol buah lerak terhadap bakteri uji adalah bakteriostatik.Kata kunci: antibakteri; fitokimia; infeksi nosocomial; buah lerak

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