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Lulu Eva Rakhmilla
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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Relationship between Physical Activity and Age on Flatfoot in Children Carmellia Janice Jasrin; Wulan Mayasari; Lulu Eva Rakhmilla
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (187.283 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.887

Abstract

Background: Modern technology has decreased physical activities of most people, especially children. A low physical activity is one of the risk factors of flatfoot. Flatfoot is a flattening of medial longitudinal arch of the foot (MLA) affecting human’s body posture and gait. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity and age on flatfoot.Methods: This study selected 271 children from the elementary school of Cikeruh 1, Jatiroke 1, and Paripurna using cluster random sampling method. Data were collected from August to November 2015. The primary data were collected using questionnaire to determine the physical activity level and footprint method to measure MLA height which was counted using Arch Index (AI). If the AI>0.26, it was considered low arch/flatfoot. Statically, the collected data were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test.Results: From a total of 271, 151 (55.7%) children had a low activity level with 120 of them (44.3%) were flatfoot, whereas in 113 (41.7%) children with an intermediate activity level, 76 children (28.0%) were flatfoot; and from a total of 7 (2.6%) children with a high activity level, 4 children (1.5%) were flatfoot. There was a negative correlation between age and arch index, right foot (r=-1.67;p=0.006), left foot (r=-1.56;p=0.01). This study proved that there was a relationship between the level of physical activity and flatfoot (Fisher=6.125/p=0.040).Conclusions: The Arch Index of the foot becomes smaller with age with an inverse correlation and low physical activities have been proved to have contibution to flatfoot occurrence. [AMJ.2016;3(3):396–400] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.887 
Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Preventing Diarrhea Hanifah Rohmah; Tisnasari Hafsah; Lulu Eva Rakhmilla
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (670.705 KB)

Abstract

  Background: Breast milk has protective factors for infants’ digestive tract. Infants are vulnerable to diseases, one of which is diarrhea. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the relation between the proportion of diarrhea in infants and the administration of exclusive breastfeeding in Jatinangor.Methods: This study was an observational study. Data on mothers with 6 months old infants were collected from Jatinangor Primary Health Center (PHC) infant records. The inclusion criteria applied were infants born in April 2012, alive, and living in Jatinangor subdistrict. One hundred and seventy one infants were recorded in April of 2012 in the PHC data. Thirty five were excluded because they were not born in April 2012. Another 45 were excluded because they were not permanent residents of Jatinangor subdistrict, while 4 infants died, and 23 had incomplete data. Therefore, only 66 infants were included as study subjects. Those infants came from 12 villages in the subdistrict of Jatinangor. Data collection was then performed using a questionnaire to the parents during the period of 21–31 October 2012.Results: From 66 infants, the proportion of diarrhea was 66.7%. Only 27.3% of all infants received exclusive breastfeeding. There was a difference in the proportion of diarrhea between infants who were exclusively breastfed and those who were not. Exclusive breastfeeding also reduced the risk of diarrhea (OR= 0.26, 95% CI 0.08–0.83).Conclusions: There is a relation between the proportion of diarrhea in infants and exclusive breastfeeding in Jatinangor. Breastfeeding has a protective effect against diarrhea in infants.Keywords: Diarrhea, exclusive breastfeeding, infants DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n1.436 
Clinical Presentation and Laboratory Features in Pediatric Typhoid Fever Patient Susceptibility to First-line Antibiotic Therapy Dewi Ratnasari; Djatnika Setiabudi; Lulu Eva Rakhmilla
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: RTyphoid fever remainsa serious health problem in the world. The main cause of this disease is Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. These microbes have developed resistance to first-line antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and co-trimoksazol) since 1950. Clinical presentation and laboratory features conducted in children infected with resistant strains tend to be more severe. The objective of this study was to determine the differences of clinical presentation and laboratory features in pediatric typhoid fever patient susceptibility to first-line antibiotics.Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study of total 119 typhoid fever children with positive blood culture of Salmonella Typhi based on medical data in Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung during 2008–2012. Inclusion criteria included 76 patients with age range 1–15 years old, given an antibiotic, and had susceptibility test done. Numerical variable was the duration of fever in patients after given an antibiotic. Categorical variable included hepatomegaly, diarrhea, platelet count at admission, and leukocyte count at admission. Data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of fever, leucocyte count at admission, and thrombocyte count at admission between sensitive and resistant response to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and co-trimoksazol (p>0.05). Leucocyte count at admission in children with sensitive and resistant strain to ampicillin almost showed a difference (p=0.07) but still not statistically significant difference.Conclusions: There is no difference of clinical presentation and laboratory features in pediatric typhoid fever patient susceptible to first-line antibiotics. [AMJ.2015;2(4):584–90] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.653
Correlation between Body Mass Index and Age at Menarche Atika Primandina Putri; Yulia Sofiatin; R. M. Ryadi Fadil; Hadyana Sukandar; Nugroho Harry Susanto; Anggraini Widjadjakusuma; Lulu Eva Rakhmilla; Lola Ilona
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: The decline of age at menarche has been reported in several countries, it occurred because of genetic, ethnic, and socioeconomic improvement in nutritional status and environment. The improvementof nutritional status has occurred globally all over the world including in Indonesia. One of the measuring tools in nutritional status is body mass index (BMI). The objective of the study was to assess the correlationbetween BMI and age at menarche.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among girls aged 9–15 years old in Jatinangor, from May–November 2013. The sample of this study was chosen with cluster random sampling. Age at menarche information was collected through a questionnaire. Body mass index was calculated from measurement of body weight and height. Data was analyzed using Spearman correlation test.Results: Out of three hundred and sixty nine subjects participating in this study, sixty seven were included in the inclusive criteria. According to the classification of BMI of underweight, normal, overweight, andobese, there were 1, 55, 8, and 3 persons, respectively. Mean of BMI was 19.04 and mean age at menarche was 12.72 years, which showed a non significant result (r=-0.013; p= 0.458).Conclusions: Age at menarche was not correlated with BMI. [AMJ.2015;2(4):521–4] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n4.656
Characteristics of Childhood Steroid-Induced Glaucoma patients in National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia from 2007 to 2011 Indri Nurul Badriyah; Irawati Irfani; Lulu Eva Rakhmilla
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of children’s blindness in developing countries is still high especially in Asian countries. This children’s blindness influences their motoric, social and emotional developments and their chances to get education. One of the causes is steroid-induced glaucoma. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of childhood steroid-induced glaucoma in National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to 22 medical records of childhood steroid-induced glaucoma patients in National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from 2007−2011. The inclusion criterias were medical records contained complete demographic (age, sex, address and socioeconomic status), clinical (visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cup-disc ratio, underlying eye disease, working diagnosis, treatment and patient’s compliance to follow up) and risk factor (type and route of administration of steroid and duration of steroid usage).Results: Majority of patients were boys (73%), aged 4−7 years old (41%), from Bandung (55%), with moderate socioeconomic condition (73%). Most of the patients experienced blindness (64%), intraocular pressure around 20−30 mmHg (33%), cup-disc ratio above 0.4 (77%). The underlying eye disease was conjunctivitis vernalis (95%). They were treated by medicamentosa or trabeculectomy. The most common used steroid contained dexamethasone (100%) for more than 1 year of usage (64%). Patients’s compliance to follow up was mostly good (59%).Conclusions: Most of the patients with steroid-induced glaucoma is still very young and the use of topical dexamethasone to treat conjunctivitis vernalis for a long time leads to steroid-induced glaucoma. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.558
Co-Authors Anggraini Widjadjakusuma Atika Primandina Putri Carmellia Janice Jasrin DEWI RATNASARI Djatnika Setiabudi Hadyana Sukandar Hanifah Rohmah Indri Nurul Badriyah Irawati Irfani Lola Ilona Nugroho Harry Susanto R. M. Ryadi Fadil Tisnasari Hafsah Wulan Mayasari Yulia Sofiatin