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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
NLPI Dharmayanti
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Veterinary

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The Advance of Technology of Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction in Identifying the Genome of Avian Influenza and Newcastle Diseases Hewajuli, Dyah Ayu; Dharmayanti, NLPI
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (271.663 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i1.1022

Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) viruses are zoonotic and caused death in humans. Newcastle Diseases (ND) virus has an economical impact in poultry. Therefore, the identification and characterization of AI and ND viruses that are appropriate, accurate and quick are important to protect human and poultry health. Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was the latest gold standard to detect the genome of AI and ND viruses. Recently, RT-PCR was developed in routine diagnosis and research. RT-PCR is a method to amplify the sequences of DNA genome, preceded by reverse transcriptase process with the primer-mediated enzymatic. Some factors that influenced detection of AI and ND are design primer and probe, types of samples, enzyme, reagent composition, amplification temperature and cycles, technical and non-technical factors such as contamination and trained staff. Modified conventional and real time RT-PCR are able to improve the specificity and sensitivity of the test. Key words: Detection, Avian Influenza, Newcastle Diseases, RT-PCR
Peste des Petits Ruminant: Exotic Ruminant Disease That Should Be Anticipated Sendow, Indrawati; RMA, Adjid; Dharmayanti, NLPI
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (131.458 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v24i1.1025

Abstract

Peste des Pettits Ruminants (PPR) is one of infectious and contagious viral diseases from morbilliviruses group in ruminants especially small ruminants. The disease was characterized by nasal and eye discharge, conjunctivitis, high fever, gastrointestinal disorder and pneumonia. Hence PPR may cause economical impact for the farmers due to the decrease of animal productivity and death.  Peste des pettits ruminants is also a disease that has serious attention on the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) list. In Indonesia, the disease has not been reported, so the anticipation of entering the disease is needed. The paper will describe the disease in many aspects included transmission, host ranges, epidemiology, clinical disease, diagnosis and the ability to identify the disease in Indonesia. Key words: Peste des Pettits Ruminants, epidemiology, diagnose, ruminants
Prototype of A/Duck/Sukoharjo/Bbvw-1428-9/2012 subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2 as vaccine on local duck Indriani, Risa; Dharmayanti, NLPI
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (272.25 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v19i2.1044

Abstract

A/Duck/Sukoharjo/Bbvw-1428-9/2012 virus subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2 as seed vaccine on local duck. AI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 vaccine containing 256 HAU per dose was formulated using adjuvant ISA 71VG Montanide ™. Six groups of one day old local duck were used in this study. Three groups (10 ducks per group) were vaccinated and 3 groups (9 duck per group) were served control. Vaccination was conducted when the duck were three weeks old of age using single dose. Three weeks after vaccination when the duck were challenged either with HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2, or HPAI H5N1 clade 2.1.3 virus at dose 106 EID50/ 0.1 ml by drops  intranasaly. Result showed that vaccination produced 100% protection compared to unvaccinated ducks againt HPAI subtipe H5N1 clade 2.3.2, and 100% protection againt HPAI H5N1 clade 2.1.3 (A/ck/wj/Subang-29/2007 and A/ck/wj/Smi-Part/2006), while unvaccinated ducks showed virus shedding on day 3 post infection. Key Words: Duck, Influenza, Clade 2.3.2, Vaccine, Clade 2.1.3
The Role of Non-specific and Specific Immune Systems in Poultry against Newcastle Disease Hewajuli, Dyah Ayu; Dharmayanti, NLPI
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (255.504 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v25i3.1158

Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND) is caused by avian paramyxovirus-1 which belong to Avulavirus genus and Paramyxoviridae family. The birds have abnormalities in humoral (bursa fabricius) and cellular (thymus and spleen) lymphoid organs. Lesions decrease the immune system. Immune system consists of non-specific and specific immune systems. The main components of non-specific immunity are physical and chemical barrier (feather and skin or mucosa), phagocytic cells (macrophages and natural killer), protein complement and the mediator of inflammation and cytokines. Interferons (IFNs) belong to a group of cytokines that play a major role in the nonspecific or innate (natural) immunity. The virulent ND virus encodes protein of V gene can be suppressed IFN type I. This leads to non-specific immune system fail to respond to the virulent strains resulting in severe pathogenicity. The defense mechanism of the host is replaced by specific immunity (adaptive immunity) when natural immunity fails to overcome the infection. The specific immune system consists of humoral mediated immunity (HMI) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI). The cells of immune system that react specifically with the antigen are B lymphocytes producing the antibodies, T lymphocytes that regulate the synthesis of antibodies and T cells as effector or the direct cytotoxic cells. Both non-specific and specific immunities are complementary against the invasion of ND virus in the birds. The objective of this article is to discuss the role of non specific and specific immune system in ND. Key words: Newcastle disease, limphoid organs, non-specific, specific immunity
Co-Authors Adjid RMA Dyah Ayu Hewajuli I Sendow Indrawati Sendow M Saepullah, M RISA INDRIANI RISZA HARTAWAN RMA Adjid, RMA