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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
ROSITA SMD
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Journal : Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)

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PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU SIMPLISIA PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) MONO RAHARDJO; ROSITA SMD; IRENG DARWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 2 (2006): JUNI 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n2.2006.73-79

Abstract

ABSTRAKPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb.) adalah tanaman obatasli Indonesia yang statusnya langka, dan teknologi budidayanya belumbanyak diketahui. Penelitian pengaruh pemupukan terhadap produksi danmutu simplisia purwoceng telah dilakukan tahun 2004-2005 di DesaSikunang, Dieng, Jawa Tengah. Perlakuan pemupukannya adalah: (1)kontrol (tidak dipupuk); (2) 9,6 kg pupuk kandang (pk); (3) 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (4) 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (5)9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36; (6) 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 72 g KCl;(7) 9,6 kg pk + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl. Percobaan menggunakan rancanganacak kelompok diulang 4 kali dengan ukuran petak 2,4 m 2 . Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk lengkap 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak dan pemupukan 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/petak dapat meningkatkan produksi dan mutu simplisia purwoceng.Dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak dipupuk, produksi simplisiameningkat 40%, kadar stigmasterol di akar meningkat 11 – 14 kali. Akartanaman purwoceng yang tidak dipupuk tidak mengandung sitosterol,tetapi setelah dipupuk mengandung sitosterol sebanyak 16,17 – 17,11 ppm.Tajuk tanaman tidak mengandung bergapten apabila tidak dipupuk, tetapisetelah dipupuk mengandung bergapten 4,92 – 5,56 ppm. Produksi danmutu simplisia perlakuan 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak tidakberbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 9,6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48g SP36 + 72 g KCl/petak. Ini diduga karena kandungan bahan organiktanah cukup tinggi, sehingga penambahan 96 kg/petak pupuk kandangtidak berpengaruh nyata. Untuk menghasilkan simplisia kering purwocengsecara optimal 8,41 g/tanaman (6,98 kwt/ha) dan bermutu tinggi,diperlukan serapan hara N, P dan K pada jaringan tanaman masing-masingberturut-turut sebanyak 283 mg N; 55 mg P; dan 356 mg K/tanaman atausetara dengan 23,50 kg N; 6,30 kg P; dan 38,90 kg K/ha.Kata kunci: Purwoceng, Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb, pemupukan,pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa TengahABSTRACTEffect of fertilizer application on production and qualityof Pimpinella pruatjan MolkenbPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb) is an Indonesianindigenous medicinal plant. Purwoceng is classified as an endangeredspecies, and its cultivation technology has not been devoleped. Theobjective of the research was to find out the effect of fertilizer applicationon the production and quality of purwoceng simplisia. The research wasconducted in Sikunang, Dieng, Wonosobo, Central Java from 2004 until2005. The treatments of fertilizer application on 2.4 m 2  were (1) control(without fertilizer); (2) 9.6 kg dung manure (dm); (3) 96 g urea + 48 gSP36 + 72 g KCl; (4) 9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl; (5)9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36; (6) 96 kg pk + 9.6 g urea + 72 g KCl;(7) 9.6 kg pk + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl. The experiment was designed inrandomized block designed with four replications. The result of theresearch showed that the treatments of 9.6 kg dm + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36+ 72 g KCl/2.4 m 2 and 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 g KCl/2.4 m 2 increasedthe simplisia production and quality compared with control. The simplisiaproduction increased up to 40% and the stigma sterol content in the rootsincreased up to 11 – 14 times. The content of sitosterol in the plants withfertilizer application was 6.7 – 17.11 ppm but in the plants withoutfertilizer application was zero. The content of bergapten in shoot part ofplant with fertilizer application was 4.92 – 5.56 ppm, but in the shoot partwithout fertilizer application was zeros. The production and quality ofsimplisia with the fertilizer application of 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/2.4 m 2 were not significantly different from those with fertilizerapplication of 9.6 kg pk + 96 g urea + 48 g SP36 + 72 gKCl/2.4 m 2 . Ithappened probably because the organic soil content was high, so that theapplication of 40 ton/ha of dung manure did not give any effect.Furthermore, to increase the optimum production of purwoceng simplisia(6.98 kwt/ha) with high quality it needs 283 mg N, 55 mg P dan 356 mgK/plant or 23.50 kg N, 6.30 kg P, and 38.90 K/ha.Key words : Purwoceng,  Pimpinella  pruatjan  Molkenb,  fertilizerapplication, growth, production, quality, Central Java
PENGARUH PUPUK KASTING DAN MACAM BENIH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU JAHE MUDA Rosita SMD; I Darwati; H. Moko
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2006): MARET 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n1.2006.7-14

Abstract

ABSTRAKKendala utama dalam produksi jahe (Zingiber officinale, Rosc.)adalah kurang tersedianya benih yang bermutu dan komponen teknologipemupukan yang tepat. Upaya pemilihan bahan tanaman yang bermutuserta penggunaan kasting telah dilakukan melalui penelitian yangbertujuan untuk memberikan petunjuk tentang kondisi optimum benihberdasarkan posisi bagian rimpang (umur fisiologis) yang dapatmeningkatkan produktivitas tanaman serta dosis optimum dari penggunaankasting. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Instalasi Penelitian Cimanggu,Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor, pada bulan Agustus1996 sampai Januari 1997 yang merupakan percobaan pot. Bahan tanamberasal dari jahe putih besar yang dipanen pada umur 10 bulan. Rancanganyang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok yang disusun secarafaktorial, 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama terdiri atas perlakuan umur fisiologisposisi bagian rimpang : bagian rimpang ke II, III dan IV dan faktor keduaterdiri atas takaran pupuk kasting : 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; 1,0 kg/tanaman/pot.Setiap perlakuan dalam satu ulangan terdiri atas 6 contoh tanaman. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kasting meningkatkan tinggitanaman, jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun, bobot segar rimpang, bobotkering tanaman (daun, batang, akar dan rimpang), produksi pati, serapanhara N, P, K dan C-organik. Penggunaan benih pada posisi bagian rimpangke II, III dan IV yang dikombinasikan dengan kasting 0,50 kg/tanamandapat meningkatkan bobot kering rimpang masing-masing 62,17g, 59,49gdan 58,65 g/tanaman dengan kadar pati 40,71%, 34,36% dan 39,57%.Kata kunci : Jahe,  Zingiber  officinale,  pupuk  kasting,  benih,pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa BaratABSTRACTThe effect of casting fertilizer and types of seeds ongrowth, yield and quality of young gingerThe most important constrains in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose)production are lack of good quality seeds and components of fertilizertechnology. The research was conducted to obtain the optimum conditionfor ginger production from different parts of rhizome (physiological age)and optimum dosage of casting. The research was conducted in CimangguResearch Instalation, Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops ResearchInstitute (ISMECRI) Bogor from August 1996 until January 1997 in potexperiment which was arranged in completely randomized design with 2factors and 3 replications. The first factor was 3 parts of rhizome position(secondary, tertiary and quarter rhizomes) while the second factor wasdosage of casting fertilizer (0; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.0 kg/plant). The resultsof the research indicated that the use of casting fertilizer could improve theheight of plant, number of leaves, number of tillers, fresh weight and dryweight of rhizome, dry weight of leaves, dry weight of stem and dryweight of root. Casting application improved starch content and nutrientabsorbtion of N, P, K and organic carbon. Combination treatment ofsecondary, tertiary and quarter rhizomes combined with application ofcasting 0.50 kg/plant, improved dry weight of rhizome 62.17 g, 59.49 gand 58.65 g/plant and starch content of rhizome 40.71%, 34.36% and39.57% respectively.Key words : Zinger, Zingiber officinale, casting fertilizer seeds, growth,yield, quality, West Java
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri E. R. Pribadi H. Moko Hera Nurhayati Hidayat Moko I Darwati IRENG DARWATI Ireng Darwati MONO RAHARDJO Otih Rostiana Sri Yuliani