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All Journal agriTECH Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan

Nasrul Arahman

Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Author-ID : 2764072

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles

Pemurnian Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Membran Serat Berongga Nasrul Arahman; Cut Erika; Alfian Putra
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Characterization of modiﬁ ed polyethersulfone hollow ﬁ ber membranes were carried out in order to purify Palm Oil. Effect of membrane morphology on the separation performances of palm oil was investigated. The modieﬁ ed polyethersulfone hollow ﬁ ber membrane was commercially availbale membrane prepared from the system of polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/polyvinilpyrrolidone, and polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/Tetronic 1307. Scanning electron microscopy results show that the modiﬁ ed membranes has macrovoids structure larger than the original poliethersulfone membrane. The hydrophilicity property was also increased by addition of polymeric additive to the membrane system. The maximum ﬂ ux of palm oil reached to 0.47 L/m2.hr. atm obtained from the experimenttal condition as applied pressure of 2.0 kg.cm2, by using membran polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/polyvinylpirrolidone.ABSTRAKKarakterisasi membran serat berongga (hollow ﬁ ber) dari polimer polietersulfon yang telah dimodiﬁ kasi untuk pemurnian minyak kelapa sawit telah dilakukan. Pengaruh morfologi membran dipelajari terhadap kemampuan pemisahan minyak kelapa sawit. Membran modiﬁ kasi adalah membran komersial yang terbuat dari sistem polyethersulfone/Nmethylpirrolidone/polyvinilpyrrolidone,dan polyethersulfone/N-methylpirrolidone/Tetronic 1307. Hasil karakterisasi dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa membran yang terbuat dari bahan PES/NMP/PVP, dan PES/NMP/Tetronic 1307 mempunyai struktur macrovoid yang lebih banyak dan ukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan membran yang terbuat dari bahan PES/NMP. Sifat hidroﬁlisitas membran campuran juga menjadi lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan membran tunggal PES/NMP. Fluks minyak kelapa sawit terbesar diperoleh 0,27 L/m2.hr.atm pada kondisi tekanan operasi 2,0 kg/cm2 untuk membran hollow ﬁ ber dari bahan PES/NMP/PVP.

Profil Permeabilitas Berdasarkan Struktur Morfologi Membran Polietersulfon pada Pemekatan Larutan Tokoferol Nasrul Arahman; Bastian Arifin; Fachrul Razi
agriTECH Vol 36, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Separation technique by membrane technology has been widely applied for separation and purification of minor components from vegetable oil. Membrane was prepared and modified in several way in order to improve the filtration performance in purification process of vegetable oil. In this work, the filtration performance of three types of polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane was investigated. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of membranes type on the filtration performance of tocopherol solution. Three series of filtration experiment were conducted by using fabricated membrane by dissolving of polyethersulfone (PES) in N-methyl pyrrolydone (NMP) with different polymer composition. The membranes was M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, and M3= PES 20 %+ Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP 5 %) + NMP. The difference structure of membrans was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy measurement. The permeability profile of tocopherol solution of 500 ppm was observed by using a single module of hollow fiber membrane with filtration flow of pressure driven inside (PDI). It is shown that, the permeability of tocopherol solution was maximum and stable using PES membrane was composed by M3 system. Moreover, the improvement of tocopherol concentration in retentate solution was about two times higher than that the original solution that was obtained from filtration system of M1 membrane.ABSTRAKTeknik separasi dengan membran teknologi telah diaplikasikan secara luas untuk pemisahan dan pemurnian komponen minor dari minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Membran telah dibuat dan dimodifikasikan dengan berbagai cara untuk meningkatkan kinerja filtrasi pada proses pemurnian minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari kinerja filtrasi tiga jenis membran hollow fiber yang terbuat dari polimer polietersulfon. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengaruh jenis membran terhadap kinerja filtrasi larutan tokoferol. Tiga seri penelitian ultrafiltrasi telah dirancang dengan menggunakan membran yang dibuat dengan melarutkan polietersulfon (PES) dalam N-metil pirolidon (NMP) dengan komposisi polimer yang berbeda. Ketiga jenis membran yang digunakan adalah M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, dan M3 = PES 20 % + Polivinil pirolidon (PVP 5 %) + NMP. Perbedaan struktur morfologi membran telah dikonfirmasikan dengan analisis scanning electron microscopy. Profil permeabilitas larutan tokoferol 500 ppm diobservasi menggunakan modul tunggal membran hollow fiber dengan tipe aliran pressure driven inside (PDI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permeabilitas larutan tokoferol tertinggi dihasilkan dengan menggunakan membran M3. Lebih lanjut, peningkatan konsentrasi larutan tokoferol sekitar dua kali lebih tinggi dari konsentrasi awal dicapai dari proses filtrasi dengan membran M1.

STUDI SOLIDIFIKASI POLIETERSULFON DALAM PELARUT N-METIL-2-PIRROLIDON DENGAN ADITIV POLYVINYL PYRROLIDONE DAN 2-(METHACRYLOYLOXY) ETHYL PHOSPHORYL CHLOLINE Nasrul Arahman; Sri Aprilia; Teuku Maimun
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 3 No. 3 (2014): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

In membrane preparation process via phase inversion method, the morphology of fabricated membranes are determined by composition and concentration of polymer, solvent, and non-solvent. The basic knowledge of the appropriate composition of those components are needed by cloud point experiment. In this work, the study on cloud point experiment have been done to investigate the solidification process of polymer system of polyethersulfone (PES) and 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphoryl chloline (MPC) in N-methyl-2-pirrolidon (NMP) via phase inversion technique. Hydrofilik polymer MPC were used as a membrane modifying agent (MMA) in order to modify the surface property of fabricated membrane. In sum, addition of PVP and MPC into polymer solution brought about reducing amount of non-solvent necessary to obtain the cloud point of solution.

Effect of Acid Concentration on the Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Pineapple Crown Leaf Fitriani Fitriani; Sri Aprilia; Nasrul Arahman; Muhammad Roil Bilad
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 17, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan (January-June, 2022)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Microcrystalline cellulose was first extracted from pineapple crown leaf waste which is used very rarely as an alternative material from agricultural residue and then characterized. Microcrystalline cellulose was extracted from this waste through acid hydrolysis with various concentrations. The effect of acidconcentrations with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) on microcrystalline cellulose properties was investigated to determine its potential application as a material. Pineapple crown leaf was hydrolyzed for 2 hours at 45℃ along with various sulfuric acid concentrations (1, 2, and 3 M). The properties of the cellulose were evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Among all the hydrolysis conditions carried out, the best hydrolysis condition was 3 M sulfuric acid. At this hydrolysis condition, the microcrystalline cellulose presented a rod-like shape, high crystallinity at 83.16%, and have average crystal size of 17.99 nm. The functional group and morphology analysis showed that the resulted product is maintained cellulose I structure and removal of non-cellulosic constituents and the chemical compositions. As for the thermal analysis, the temperature decreased from 177℃ (2 M sulfuric acid) to 149℃ (3 M sulfuric acid) because of the incorporation of sulfate groups after the hydrolysis process. Therefore, microcrystalline cellulose obtained from pineapple crown leaf waste has great potential as reinforcement in the manufacture of composites.

The Improvement of Hydrophilic Property of Polyethersulfone Membrane with Chitosan as Additive Umi Fathanah; Izarul Machdar; Medyan Riza; Nasrul Arahman; Mirna Rahmah Lubis; Mukramah Yusuf
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Membrane technology has been implemented broadly for clean water treatment. To produce a better membrane, modification is carried out by adding chitosan into a polymer solution. Materials used in this research are polyethersulfone (PES) 18%, the n-methyl pyrrolidone solvent modified with a chitosan solution (at 0.2 – 1 wt%) as an additive, and deionized water as a non-solvent. The membrane synthesis is carried out with the non-solvent induced phase separation method of blending the polymer. Membrane characterization includes functional group analysis, morphological structure, and water contact angle. Membrane performance is monitored at the filtration process, resulting in the permeability coefficient, and for the rejection of a contaminant (humic acid) with dead-end filtration. Research results show that the modified membrane characterization has an asymmetric morphological structure with a thinner top layer, and the membrane sublayer has a finger-like macrovoid structure with a larger size as compared to the original PES membrane (without the chitosan solution addition). The chitosan additive into the PES membrane improves the membrane’s hydrophilic property. The highest value of the permeability coefficient is achieved with a 1% chitosan addition, which provides a permeability coefficient value of 10.524 L/m2.h.bar and a rejection coefficient of 70.3%.

Profil Filtrasi Larutan Sodium Alginat pada Modul Tunggal Cross-flow Membran Polyethersulfone Suffriandy Satria; Fachrul Razi; Nasrul Arahman
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Kajian penurunan dan rekoveri fluks pada proses ultrafiltrasi larutan natural organic matter (NOM) dengan membran polyethersulfone telah dilakukan. Larutan sodium alginate digunakan sebagai model NOM dalam air, dan profil filtrasinya dipelajari berdasarkan waktu operasi. Proses filtrasi menggunakan modul cross-flow dengan konfigurasi aliran filtrasi pressure driven outside (PDO). Profile permeabilitas larutan SA pada membranpolyethersulfonetelah diamati dengan berbagai perlakuan, diantaranya efek keberadaan ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ serta pengaruh pH larutan (kondisi asam, basa dan netral). Membran polyethersulfone (PES) dengan tambahan Aerosol OT digunakan untuk mengetahui kinerjanya. Flux recovery ratio (FRR) merupakan salah satu indikator untuk mengetahui sifat fouling yang terbentuk pada permukaan membran. Secara umum larutan SA dalam kondisi asam memiliki nilai FRR terkecil, sedangkan sampel dalam kondisi basa memiliki nilai FRR terbesar. Perolehan fluks larutan SA dengan penambahan ion Mg2+ lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penambahan ion Ca2+. Larutan SA pada kondisi pH basa menghasilkan penurunan nilai fluks lebih kecil dibandingkan pada pH Asam dan netral. Rejeksi partikel SA tertinggi diperoleh pada kondisi asam menggunakan membran PES Aerosol OT yaitu sebesar 46,88%.

Konsep Dasar Proses Pembuatan Membran Berpori dengan Metode Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation - Penentuan cloud point dan diagram tiga phasa Nasrul Arahman
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 9, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

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Application of membrane technology for separation processes has been an efficient optional to produce a high quality of separation product. This process has been widely using in many field of industry. Therefore, knowledge of this membrane preparation is important for controlling the pore size of resulted membrane. This paper explained the basic concept of membrane preparation via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process by immersion precipitation. The effect of concentration of polyethersufone on the formation of cloud point of dope solution in N-methylpirrolidone was investigated. Two kinds of non-solvent as water and ethanol were used in order to study phase separation mechanism of polymer solution. Base on the amount of non-solvent of water and ethanol needed for cloud point formation, the ternary phase diagram can be performed. The experimental result indicated constant concentration of polyethersulfone, amount of ethanol needed was higher than water to obtain cloud point formation of polymer solution.Keywords: cloud point of polymer solution, immersion precipitation, membrane preparation

Penyisihan Fe dalam Air Tanah Menggunakan Zeolit Alam Banda Aceh Teraktivasi Hasni Hasni; Nasrul Arahman; Sri Mulyati
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 10, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Kajian ini membahas proses pemisahan logam besi dalam sampel air secara adsorpsi. Secara umum bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh perlakukan zeolit alam terhadap efisiensi penyisihan logam besi dalam sampel air baku. Proses adsorpsi menggunakan zeolit alam Banda Aceh dengan variasi ukuran partikel 40, 60, 80, dan 100 mesh. Kadar besi (Fe) dalam larutan sampel buatan adalah 1,25 mg/l agar mendekati kadar logam besi sesungguhnya. Kadar sampel asli air tanah dari Desa Alue Peunyareng Kabupaten Aceh Barat sebesar 1,1206 mg/l. Analisis kadar logam besi dilakukan dengan alat spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan adsorpsi maksimum diperoleh pada penyerapan dengan zeolit alam berukuran 100 mesh baik untuk sampel asli maupun sampel buatan. Aktivasi zeolit alam menaikkan kemampuan adsorpsi bahan penyerap hingga 154,72%. Kemampuan penyerapan yang dimiliki zeolit alam menurun hingga 92,25% manakala sampel yang diserap berupa air tanah karena sampel masih banyak mengandung bahan pengotor.

Co-Authors Alfian Putra Bastian Arifin Cut Erika Fachrul Razi Fachrul Razi Fitriani Fitriani Hasni Hasni Izarul Machdar Medyan Riza Mirna Rahmah Lubis Muhammad Roil Bilad Mukramah Yusuf Mulyati, Sri Sri Aprilia Sri Aprilia Suffriandy Satria Teuku Maimun Umi Fathanah

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