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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Majalah Obat Tradisional Acta Pharmaciae Indonesia : Acta Pharm Indo Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
. Harwoko
Department Of Pharmacy, Faculty Of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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An Extract of Zingiber officinale and Piper retrofractum Combination and Its Effect to Cancer Cell Line Ekowati, Heny; Septiyaningsih, .; Harwoko, .
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4.399 KB)

Abstract

Chemotherapy may emerge sideeffect since it may treatinconveniently the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins,both cancer cells or normal cells.Plants as a cancer therapy were expected to reduce this toxicityand side effects.Plants which used empirically for cancer therapy was Zingiber  officinale cv. Rubrum and Piper  retrofractum. This study was conducted to examine the cytotoxic activity of ethanolic extractc ombination of two plants in HeLa and T47D celllines.Zingiber  officinale cv.Rubrum,Piper  retro fractum and mixture (1:1)powdered then macerated with 96 % ethanol for 3x24 hours.Identification ofthe constituent that had potential anti cancer effect was usedTLC with silica GF254 as stationary phase,cytotoxic activity wasexamined by yellow MTT assay,the nanalyzed using probit.Apoptotic assay was performed by immunofluororescencemethod,using fluoro chromes ethidium bromide and acridineorange.The result showed that Zingiber officinalecv.Rubrumcontains terpenoids, while Piper  retrofractum contains alkaloids substance. The mixture showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa and T47D cell with IC50 33 and 53 6g/mL respectively.Theextract caused cytotoxic effect through apoptotic mechanism.
AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK FRAKSI n-HEKSANA : KLOROFORM DARI EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT BATANG MANGROVE (Rhizopora mucronata) PADA SEL KANKER MYELOMA Harwoko, Harwoko; Utami, Esti Dyah
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 15, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.562 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/mot-TradMedJ15iss2pp%p

Abstract

Tanaman mangrove telah lama digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh masyarakat untuk terapi penyakit gastroenteritis dan antikanker. Rhizopora mucronata termasuk satu jenis mangrove yang belum banyak diteliti potensinya sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik fraksi n-heksana: kloroform dari ekstrak metanol kulit batang Rhizopora mucronata pada sel Myeloma. Serbuk kulit batang R. mucronata diekstraksi dengan metanol dengan cara maserasi kemudian ekstrak metanol dipartisi berturut-turut dengan kloroform, etil asetat, dan metanol. Fraksi kloroform kemudian difraksinasi dengan campuran n-heksan dan kloroform (3 : 2) dan dilakukan diuji sitotoksisitas pada sel myeloma dengan metode MTT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksana : kloroform dari ekstrak metanol kulit batang Rhizopora mucronata bersifat sitotoksik pada sel myeloma dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 15 µg/mL dan hasil uji kualitatif fraksi tersebut mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan terpenoid.
Antibacterial activity of two isolated endophytic extracts assosiated with Indonesian mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata Fareza, Muhamad Salman; Choironi, Nur Amalia; Harwoko, Harwoko; Sunarto, Sunarto
Pharmaciana Vol 8, No 1 (2018): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.172 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v8i1.8878

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms reside in the living tissues of the host plant. This fungi can contribute to provide protection to the host from the infection caused by another microorganism. The one reasonable strategy to discover a new antibacterial agent from endophytic fungi are from the plant which lived in special condition such Rhizophora mucronata. The aim of this research is to determine antibacterial activity of the endophytic fungi extracts assosiated with Rhizophora mucronata from Sagara anakan. The isolated endophytic fungi was identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp. and Peniophora lycii using molecular analysis method. The antibacterial activity was carried out by using microdillution method. The antibacterial properties from mycelium extracts showed moderate to low antibacterial activity with Minimum Inhibitory Consentration (MIC) values of 125-500 µg mL-1 against Eshcerichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria. The n-hexane extract of both endophytic fungi shows the strongest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with MIC values of 125 µg mL-1
Formulasi Sediaan Krim Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) NURYANTI, NURYANTI; HARWOKO, HARWOKO
Acta Pharmaciae Indonesia Vol 4 No 2 (2016): Acta Pharmaciae indonesia Vol.4 No.2 Tahun 2016
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto

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Abstract

Daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tween 80 dan span 80 terhadap sifat fisik dan stabilitas sediaan krim ekstrak etanolik daun alpukat dan persen peredaman formula terbaik terhadap radikal DPPH. Formula sediaan krim dibuat dengan membandingkan konsentrasi emulgator tween 80 dan span 80 yaitu Formula 1 (75%:25%), Formula 2 (85%:15%) dan Formula 3 (95%:5%). Krim yang terbentuk diuji sifat fisik dan stabilitasnya. Formula terbaik yang memenuhi syarat uji sifat fisik dan stabilitas selama penyimpanan 28 hari diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi tween 80 dan penurunan konsentrasi span 80 menyebabkan viskositas dan daya lekat semakin meningkat, sedangkan daya sebar semakin menurun. Formula terbaik terdapat pada Formula 3 dengan nilai viskositas sebesar 25.220-43.960 cps, daya sebar sebesar 4,90-5,50 cm, daya lekat sebesar 1,41-4,65 detik dan persen peredaman radikal DPPH sebesar 69,33%.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Suppositoria Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) NURYANTI, NURYANTI; HARWOKO, HARWOKO
Acta Pharmaciae Indonesia Vol 4 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto

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Abstract

Lidah buaya (A.vera) dengan kandungan antrakuinon memiliki aktivitas sebagai laksatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sediaan suppositoria dari ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit daun lidah buaya (A.vera) yang memenuhi persyaratan fisik suppositoria dengan variasi basis oleum cacao dan cera alba serta PEG 400 dan PEG 6000. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan memformulasikan ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit daun lidah buaya (A.vera) dengan variasi basis oleum cacao dan cera alba serta PEG 400 dan PEG 6000. Pembuatan suppositoria menggunakan metode cetak tuang, evaluasi sifat fisik meliputi: organoleptis, keseragaman bobot, titik lebur, waktu leleh, dan  kekerasan. Data organoleptis dan keseragaman bobot yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif sedangkan uji yang lain dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik Anava pada taraf kepercayaan 95%,kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suppositoria dengan sifat fisik paling baik adalah suppositoria basis oleum cacao dengan penambahan cera alba sebesar 4% dan suppositoria dengan rasio konsentrasi basis 50% PEG 400 dan 50% PEG 6000.  
Penapisan Senyawa Antikanker Dari Batang Brotowali (Tinospora Crispa L) Dan Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik Pada Kultur Sel Widr warsinah, warsinah; Harwoko, Harwoko
Acta Pharmaciae Indonesia Vol 6 No 2 (2018): Acta Pharmaciae Indonesia Volume 6 No.2 Tahun 2018
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penapisan dengan cara ekstraksi dan dilanjutkan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis untuk melihat profil senyawa dan melakukan uji aktivitas sitotoksik dan induksi apotosis dari ekstrak tersebut. Ekstraksi batang brotowali dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96% kemudian di fraksinasi dengan n-heksan, kloroform, etilasetat berdasarkan tingkat polaritas dan dilanjutkan kromatografi lapis tipis menggunakan fase diam silika gel GF 254 dan fase gerak campuran, spot yang ada dilihat dibawah UV 254 nm dan 366 nm serta disemprot dengan reagen penampak noda. Ekstrak dan fraksi kemudian diuji aktivitas sitotosiknya dengan metode MTT dan induksi apoptosis dengan metode double staining dan flowcytometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik mengandung senyawa flavanoid, fenolik dan terpenoid. Ekstrak mempunyai efek sitotoksik IC50sebesar 314 µg/ml dan fraksi F3 sebagai fraksi aktif mempunyai efek sitotoksik dengan IC50 sebesar 146 µg/ml. Pada konsentrasi 25 µg/ml fraksi mampu menginduksi apoptosis sebesar 28,9 %, kontrol sel 17,90% dan doksorubisin 63,12%. Pemacuan apoptosis ditunjukkan dengan adanya warna orange dan terjadinya banyak badan apoptosis pada sel Widr dengan perlakuan ekstrak yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kontrol sel.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L. Mier) Stem Warsinah, Warsinah; Baroroh, Hanif Nasiatul; Harwoko, Harwoko
Molekul Vol 15, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (168.873 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2020.15.2.533

Abstract

Free radical in the body could cause degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, which could be prevented by the supplementation of antioxidant whether it is synthetic or natural. Flavanoids is a phenolic compound, was extracted from natural sources is known for its antioxidative potential. This research aimed to investigate the active compounds in brotowali (Tinospora crispa) stem to find new antioxidative potential using its ability to bind 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Brotowali stem was extracted using ethanol and fractioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Water fraction was hydrolyzed by chloric acid. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract, water fraction, and hydrolized water fraction (subfraction I and subfraction II) were determined using spectrophotometry (DPPH methods). The compound of flavonoid was identified using KLT with AlCl3 reagent spray. The results showed that ethanol extract and water fraction of brotowali stem contained flavonoid glycoside of flavonol group. Antioxidant activity, quantified using IC50, of ethanol extract, water fraction, subfraction I and subfractiont II were 49.92μg/mL, 38.25 μg/mL, 36.12 μg/mL, and 16.18 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, this research was found that hydrolysis of water fraction using chloric acid like in subfraction I and subfraction II was able to improve its antioxidant activity.
Antimicrobial compound from Trichoderma harzianum, an endophytic fungus associated with ginger (Zingiber officinale) Harwoko Harwoko; Jungho Lee; Georgios Daletos; Michael Feldbrügge; Rainer Kalscheuer; Peter Proksch
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 12, No 2, (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol12.Iss2.art8

Abstract

Background: Genus Trichoderma of fungal kingdom are largely used as biological control agents due to broad-spectrum activity against plant pathogens.Objective: This study aimed to investigate Trichoderma harzianum, an endophytic fungus obtained from ginger (Zingiber officinale) leaves.Methods: The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were deduced on the basis of UV, 1H NMR and MS data analyses, as well as comparison with literature.Results: Two known tetramic acid derivatives were isolated from this fungus, including harzianic acid (A) and isoharzianic acid (B). Compound B inhibited the growth of a corn pathogenic fungus, Ustilago maydis, with inhibition zone diameter (39 ± 0.33 mm) larger than nystatin (29 mm). Additionally, iso-HA (B) revealed antibacterial effect towards Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value of 25 µM. However, both compounds showed no cytotoxicity against human cervical and ovarian cancer cell lines.Conclusion: T. harzianum produced antimicrobial compound like iso-HA which has potential application either in agricultural or health.
Co-Authors . Septiyaningsih A. Haris Budi Widodo Azhar, Ade Rizki Choironi, Nur Amalia Esti Dyah Utami Farah Amiria, Farah Fareza, Muhamad Salman Georgios Daletos Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh HENY EKOWATI Jeanita, Rani Saskia Jungho Lee Michael Feldbrügge Nuryanti Nuryanti Peter Proksch Rainer Kalscheuer Sunarto, Sunarto Warsinah Warsinah