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Anthropometric characteristics of children 7 to 12 years old in high altitude and low altitude, a study of growth adaptation in Samigaluh and Galur Districs, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Province Janatin Hastuti, Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 04 (2005)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Background: Age of 7-12 years is an important periode for childrens growth and development. Some factors affect growth process i.e. internal, external and enviromental factors. Some studies show that high altitude has effects on anthropometric characteristics of children which are reflected on the difference of growth patterns.Objective: The aims of this research were to know the differences of anthropometric characteristics between children living in high altitude and low altitude, and to know the effect of different altitude environtment on the anthropometric characteristics of children.Methods: Investigation was done on 565 children of 7-12 years old, boys and girls, which consisted of 255 children living in Samigaluh (high altitude) and 310 children living in Galur (low altitude). These two districts are located in Kulon Progo Regency in Yogyakarta Province. The anthropometric characteristics of the subjects were the measurements of weight, stature, biacromiale breadth, chest breadth, chest depth, bicristal breadth, upper arm circumference, chest circumference, sum of 4 skinfold thickness (triceps, infrascapular, suprailiac and calf skinfold) and sitting height. Many indices were calculated, i.e. Livi index, trunk height index, acromial index, chest index, bicristal index, acromiocristalis index, chest circumference index and skelic index. Statistical analysis of three ways anova and t-test were performed on the data. Mann-Witney test was conducted to reveal the difference of distribution among the indices category.Results: The results chest breadth, chest depth and sum of 4 skinfold thickness differed significantly between boys and girls of 7-12 years old in each district but there were no differences between children of Samigaluh and Galur. There were significant differences in the measurements of chest depth and chest index between 7-12 years old boys and girls of Samigaluh and Galur.Conclusions: The anthropometric characteristics of children living in different altitude differed in the measurements of chest depth and chest index.Â Key words: anthropometric characteristics - high altitude - low altitude - growthÂ Â

Physical status and motor performance of junior high school children age of 12-15 years in rural and urban Bantul Yogyakarta Hastuti, Janatin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Physical status and motor performance are influenced by living conditions. Those parametersare believed as factors indicated socioeconomics level of a population which effect on the children growth.Growth is also affected by other factors such as nutrition, genetics, hormone, disease, physical activity,environmental stress, and lifestyle. During growth, children adapt to their environment to achieve optimalfunctional efficiency.Objective: The aim of this research is to investigate physical status and motor performance of junior highschool children age of 12-15 years in Bantul Regency Yogyakarta Province, whether it is differ betweenrural and urban and between boys and girls.Methods: The research was done on 481 junior high school students of 12-15 years old, boys and girls,which consisted of 247 children living in District of Kretek (rural area) and 234 children living in Districtof Bantul (urban area). All subjects were measured on weight, height, upper arm girth, and skinfoldthickness of triceps. Physical status was determined from height, weight, body mass index, and musclearea of upper arm. Motor performance was measured on grip strength (left and right), jumping (standinglong jump method), throwing, and running tasks. Statistical analyses of chi-square, Pearson correlation,and linear regression were performed on data of physical status and motor performance of the children.Results: The results indicate that boys in both areas up to 14 years were lighter than the girls, but heavierat age of 15. However, boys were taller than the girls in all ages instead of rural boys at age of 12-13years. Body mass index and muscle area of upper arm of girls in both areas were greater than of boysexcept urban boys at age of 15 years. Boys appeared better in all motor performance tasks than the girlsas well as in motor performance relative to weight and height. Differences between rural and urban showthat urban children were taller and heavier than those were in rural. Body mass index and muscle area ofupper arms were greater in urban children. Children in urban area were also stronger in grip strength (leftand right). However, rural children were farther in jumping and throwing, and faster in running task..Conclusions: In conclusions, urban children were better in physical status and grips strength, while ruralchildren were better in jumping, throwing, and running performances. Instead of grips strength, motorperformances relative to weight and height of rural children were better than those of urban. Boys havebetter motor performance and motor performance relative to weight and height than girls.Key words: physical status; motor performance; rural and urban children.

Body Constitution, grip stregth, and Vital Capacity of Children 15 to 18 Years in Samigaluh Highland and Galur Lowland Kulonprogo Yogyakarta Janatin Hastuti, Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Growth of children at age of 15 to 18 years old has an important influence on providing body constitution in their adult. Grip strength and vital capacity express functional effort of organs or parts of the body. Therefore, it certainly relates to the shape and size of the body or the body constitution. Different environment in highland and lowland affects the body constitution and functional capacity in growth period.ObJective: The aims of this research were to know the differences of body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of 15-18 year old children in Samigaluh highland and Galur lowland in Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta Province, and the relationship between body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of both populations. Methods: The research was done on 422 boys and girls of 1 5-18 years, which consisted of 152 children living in Samigaluh and 270 children living in Galur Kulonprogo. The children were examined with respect to body weight, height, grip strength of right and left hands, and vital capacity. Body Mass was Index then calculated from weight and height. Statistical analysis of three way ANOV A, t-test, Pearson product moment correlation, and linear regression were used.Results: Body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of boys differed significantly from girls. Boys were heavier and taller than girls. Grip strength and vital capacity were also greater in boys. Children living in Galur were heavier and taller than those living in Samigaluh, but they were similar in vital capacity. Grip strength was different at age of 15-16 years. There was no difference in Body Mass Index between boys and girls, as well as between Samigaluh children and Galur children.Conclusions: Body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of boys and girls were different significantly, also between Samigaluh and Galur children as well. Concerning Samigaluh children were shorter and lighter, it was said that Samigaluh children have better physical performance. Grip strength and vital capacity of 1 5 to 1 8 year old children living in Samigaluh highland and Galur lowland were stronger affected by body constitution than by age.Key words: body constitution; grip strength; vital capacity; 1 5-18 year old boys and girls

Allometrical correlation of biacromial and bicristal breadth to height growth in 7-15 years old children in Bantul Regency Yogyakarta Province Janatin Hastuti, Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (181.779 KB)

Background: Changes in body measurements during growth period cause change in their proportion, and this relationship can be measured using allometrical method. Growth of biacromial and bicristal in children are specific, because they can indicate the sexual dimorfism between boys and girls. Objective: The aims of this studi are to know the relationship between growth of biacromial and bicristal breadth to growth of height in 7-15 years old boys and girls in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province. Methods: Investigation was conducted in 284 children of 7 up to 15 years old which consist of 136 boys and 148 girls. The samples were divided into 9 groups and were measured on height, biacromial and bicristal breadth. The datas were analysed using allometrical method expressed by an exponential regression equation. Student-t analysis was use to determine the difference of each measurement between boys and girls at the same age.Result: The result showed that biacromial breadth grew faster proportionally to height in 7 up to 11 and 13 up to 15 year old boys, and on the 7, 8, and 10 up to 15 years old girls. Bicristal breadth grew faster proportionally to height for all groups of age. Biacromial breadth grew faster proportionally to bicristal breadth th 8 up to 9 and 13 up to 15 year old boys and 7 year old girls. Girls of 8 up to 15 years old grew slower on biacromial breadth compared to bicristal growth.Conclusions: The conclusion was biacromial and bicristal breadth grew faster proportionally to height of boys and girls for almost all of age. Biacromial breadh of boys grew faster than bicristal breadth. In contrast, biacromial breadth of girls in the same age grew slower than bicristal breadth.Key words: growth-stature-biacromial breadth-bicristal breadth-allometrical method

Body Composition in Javanese Adult: Some Anthropometric Dimensions Related to Body Fat Hastuti, Janatin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 02 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Body composition is an integral component of entirely health and physical fitness. Measurement of fat component in assessing body composition is necessary on account of its relation to several health risks. Some anthropometric measurements such as waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist and hip circumferences, skinfold thickness, and sagittal abdominal diameter are demonstrated to be valuable for evaluating body composition, and further for identifying some health risk factors. Objectives: This study is addressed to know body composition and some anthropometric measurements related to percent body fat in Javanese adults living in Yogyakarta province. Methods: As many as 201 (98 males and 103 females) Javanese adults living in Yogyakarta province, aged 18 to 65 years were entrolled in this study. Measurements of body weight, height, waist, abdominal, and hip circumferences, sagittal abdominal diameter, and total skinfold thickness of triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac were performed on the subjects. Body composition was assessed based on those measurements included percent body fat, body density, and skeletal muscle mass. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were determined and categorized. The data then were analysed using independent Hest, Pearson correlation of product moment, linear regression, and chi-square test. Results: The result indicated that in a general sense, Javanese adults in Yogyakarta province had thin to medium body constitution and risk factor categorized of low to medium risk for males and medium to high risk for females. Javanese adult males were considerably heavier, taller, had greater means of body density, WHR, and muscle mass. By contrast, Javanese adult females were significantly higher in BMI, percentage of BF, and hip circumference. Statistically, there is no significant difference in total skinfold, abdominal circumference, and SAD, however, females indicated to a certain greater than the males. In the same manner, males had larger waist circumference. Conclusions: All of anthropometric dimensions including skinfold thickness, body density, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, WHR, sagittal abdominal diameter, and muscle mass are strongly correlated with body composition assessed with BMI and % BF. However, associations with BMI are fairly better than those of with percentage of BF. Among those measurements WHR showed the weakest correlation. There was also a different tendency in the power of correlation between anthropometric dimension with BMI and percentage of BF in males and females. Yet, all the measurements were supposed to be performed to incorporate evaluation on human body composition. Key words: body composition - Javanese adults - anthropometric measurements - percentage of body fat.

Sexual dimorphism of pelvimetry in children at the circum puberal age: A study of children in lmogiri District Bantu! Regency Yogyakarta Special Provinc Janatin Hastuti, Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Background: Age of circum puberal is important because during this period primary and secondary sexual characteristics are developing. Morphological sexual differentiations of boys and girls during this period cause sexual dimorphism, i.e. anatomical differences especially in the body measurements. One of the important variations is the measurements of pelvic (pelvimetry).Objective: The aims of this studi were to know the pelvimetric sexual dimorphism of boys and girls at the circum puberal age.Methods: Investigation was conducted on 172 children of 12 up to 15 years old which consisted of 72 boys and 100 girls who were born and lived in Imogiri District, Bantu! Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province.The samples were divided into 4 groups and were measured on height, weight, bicristal breadth, biiliospinal anterior breadth, bitrochanteric breadth, distance of lumbale-symphysion and pelvic girdle. The indices calculated are Livis index, bicristal index, bitrochanteric index, and the sexual dimorphism index of all measurements. The datas were analysed using two-ways anova, student-t analysis, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.Results: The result showed that bicristal breadth, biiliospinal anterior breadth and distance of lumbalesymphysion did not indicate sexual dimorphism significantly in children in the circum puberal age, although girls at 12 and 13 years old have greater measurements than boys. Bitrochanteric breadth and pelvic girdle showed sexual dimorphism since the age of 13 years, girls had greater measurements than boys. Sexual dimorphism of pelvic shape showed by bicristal index was happened at 15 years old, girls had greater index than boys. Sexual dimorphism of hip shape showed by bitrochanteric breadth index was happened since 13 years old, girls had greater index than boys.Conclusions: It was concluded that pelvic measurements showed sexual dimorphism in children at the circum puberal age by different time and pattern.Key words: sexual dimorphism - pelvimetry - children - circum puberal

BODY MASS INDEX AND PREDICTED PERCENT BODY FAT OF YOGYAKARTA AND FLORES PYGMY POPULATIONS Hastuti, Janatin; T Rahmawati, Neni; A Suriyanto, Rusyad; Koeshardjono, Koeshardjono; T Jacob, T Jacob
Jurnal Kedokteran YARSI Vol 16, No 2 (2008): MEI - AGUSTUS 2008
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33476/jky.v16i2.234

Body mass index and percent body fat are two parameters used to assess human body composition, which has several advantages for clinical practice, sport, growth, and normal population as well. There are many populations distributed in the wide Indonesian area that have various geographical characteristics. As evidence, plateau environments are inhabited by many populations whose physical and physiological traits are vary. This study was aimed to investigate body mass index (BMI) and predicted percent body fat (%BF) between Yogyakarta populations and Flores pygmy population in East Nusa Tenggara Province residing on a similar plateau environment. The present study was done on 105 people (51 males and 54 females) of Samigaluh Kulon Progo (Yogyakarta), 87 people (40 males and 47 females) of Gunung Kidul (Yogyakarta) and 75 pygmy people of Manggarai, Flores (East Nusa Tenggara). Height and weight were measured in all participants of this study. BMI was calculated from height and weight measurements and %BF was predicted based on BMI value using formula of Guricci et al (1998). Then, t-student test, linear regression, and chi square test were performed to analyze the data. The results indicated that Samigaluh and Gunung Kidul populations in Yogyakarta have considerably greater average of height and weight compare to Flores Pygmy population. However, differences in BMI and %BF were only significant between Flores Pygmy and Yogyakarta males population. Despite majority of both populations being under normal category, nutritional category based on BMI showed significant difference between Flores Pygmy and Yogyakarta population. In addition, more underweight individuals were also observed in Flores Pygmy. In conclusion, Yogyakarta population was considerably taller and heavier than Flores Pygmy population, however, in terms of %BF and BMI, they were nearly the same lean and body constitution. It is suggested that lower BMI and %BF represented by small body constitution and leanness in populations living on plateau in Yogyakarta and Flores are likely due to significant adaptation to their environment.

Body Composition in Javanese Adult: Some Anthropometric Dimensions Related to Body Fat Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 02 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: Body composition is an integral component of entirely health and physical fitness. Measurement of fat component in assessing body composition is necessary on account of its relation to several health risks. Some anthropometric measurements such as waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist and hip circumferences, skinfold thickness, and sagittal abdominal diameter are demonstrated to be valuable for evaluating body composition, and further for identifying some health risk factors. Objectives: This study is addressed to know body composition and some anthropometric measurements related to percent body fat in Javanese adults living in Yogyakarta province. Methods: As many as 201 (98 males and 103 females) Javanese adults living in Yogyakarta province, aged 18 to 65 years were entrolled in this study. Measurements of body weight, height, waist, abdominal, and hip circumferences, sagittal abdominal diameter, and total skinfold thickness of triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac were performed on the subjects. Body composition was assessed based on those measurements included percent body fat, body density, and skeletal muscle mass. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio were determined and categorized. The data then were analysed using independent Hest, Pearson correlation of product moment, linear regression, and chi-square test. Results: The result indicated that in a general sense, Javanese adults in Yogyakarta province had thin to medium body constitution and risk factor categorized of low to medium risk for males and medium to high risk for females. Javanese adult males were considerably heavier, taller, had greater means of body density, WHR, and muscle mass. By contrast, Javanese adult females were significantly higher in BMI, percentage of BF, and hip circumference. Statistically, there is no significant difference in total skinfold, abdominal circumference, and SAD, however, females indicated to a certain greater than the males. In the same manner, males had larger waist circumference. Conclusions: All of anthropometric dimensions including skinfold thickness, body density, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, WHR, sagittal abdominal diameter, and muscle mass are strongly correlated with body composition assessed with BMI and % BF. However, associations with BMI are fairly better than those of with percentage of BF. Among those measurements WHR showed the weakest correlation. There was also a different tendency in the power of correlation between anthropometric dimension with BMI and percentage of BF in males and females. Yet, all the measurements were supposed to be performed to incorporate evaluation on human body composition. Key words: body composition - Javanese adults - anthropometric measurements - percentage of body fat.

Body Constitution, grip stregth, and Vital Capacity of Children 15 to 18 Years in Samigaluh Highland and Galur Lowland Kulonprogo Yogyakarta Janatin Hastuti Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: Growth of children at age of 15 to 18 years old has an important influence on providing body constitution in their adult. Grip strength and vital capacity express functional effort of organs or parts of the body. Therefore, it certainly relates to the shape and size of the body or the body constitution. Different environment in highland and lowland affects the body constitution and functional capacity in growth period.ObJective: The aims of this research were to know the differences of body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of 15-18 year old children in Samigaluh highland and Galur lowland in Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta Province, and the relationship between body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of both populations. Methods: The research was done on 422 boys and girls of 1 5-18 years, which consisted of 152 children living in Samigaluh and 270 children living in Galur Kulonprogo. The children were examined with respect to body weight, height, grip strength of right and left hands, and vital capacity. Body Mass was Index then calculated from weight and height. Statistical analysis of three way ANOV A, t-test, Pearson product moment correlation, and linear regression were used.Results: Body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of boys differed significantly from girls. Boys were heavier and taller than girls. Grip strength and vital capacity were also greater in boys. Children living in Galur were heavier and taller than those living in Samigaluh, but they were similar in vital capacity. Grip strength was different at age of 15-16 years. There was no difference in Body Mass Index between boys and girls, as well as between Samigaluh children and Galur children.Conclusions: Body constitution, grip strength, and vital capacity of boys and girls were different significantly, also between Samigaluh and Galur children as well. Concerning Samigaluh children were shorter and lighter, it was said that Samigaluh children have better physical performance. Grip strength and vital capacity of 1 5 to 1 8 year old children living in Samigaluh highland and Galur lowland were stronger affected by body constitution than by age.Key words: body constitution; grip strength; vital capacity; 1 5-18 year old boys and girls

Anthropometric characteristics of children 7 to 12 years old in high altitude and low altitude, a study of growth adaptation in Samigaluh and Galur Districs, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Province Janatin Hastuti Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 04 (2005)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.134 KB)

Background: Age of 7-12 years is an important periode for children's growth and development. Some factors affect growth process i.e. internal, external and enviromental factors. Some studies show that high altitude has effects on anthropometric characteristics of children which are reflected on the difference of growth patterns.Objective: The aims of this research were to know the differences of anthropometric characteristics between children living in high altitude and low altitude, and to know the effect of different altitude environtment on the anthropometric characteristics of children.Methods: Investigation was done on 565 children of 7-12 years old, boys and girls, which consisted of 255 children living in Samigaluh (high altitude) and 310 children living in Galur (low altitude). These two districts are located in Kulon Progo Regency in Yogyakarta Province. The anthropometric characteristics of the subjects were the measurements of weight, stature, biacromiale breadth, chest breadth, chest depth, bicristal breadth, upper arm circumference, chest circumference, sum of 4 skinfold thickness (triceps, infrascapular, suprailiac and calf skinfold) and sitting height. Many indices were calculated, i.e. Livi index, trunk height index, acromial index, chest index, bicristal index, acromiocristalis index, chest circumference index and skelic index. Statistical analysis of three ways anova and t-test were performed on the data. Mann-Witney test was conducted to reveal the difference of distribution among the indices category.Results: The results chest breadth, chest depth and sum of 4 skinfold thickness differed significantly between boys and girls of 7-12 years old in each district but there were no differences between children of Samigaluh and Galur. There were significant differences in the measurements of chest depth and chest index between 7-12 years old boys and girls of Samigaluh and Galur.Conclusions: The anthropometric characteristics of children living in different altitude differed in the measurements of chest depth and chest index. Key words: anthropometric characteristics - high altitude - low altitude - growth

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