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PENGARUH INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS TERHADAP KAPABILITAS INOVASI: STUDI KASUS PERUSAHAAN KOMPONEN OTOMOTIF DI INDONESIA Prihadyanti, Dian; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : SBM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12695/jmt.2016.15.2.4

Abstrak.Â Interorganizational relationship (IOR) yang muncul dari interaksi yang dibentuk oleh perusahaan dapat menjadi strategi bagi perkembangan bisnisnya. Pengelolaan IOR yang tepat dapat memberikan manfaat dalam peningkatan kinerja inovasi perusahaan. Kinerja inovasi yang juga berkaitan dengan innovation outcomes sangat dipengaruhi oleh kapabilitas inovasi perusahaan.Â Tulisan ini akan membahas pengaruh IOR terhadap kapabilitas inovasi dilihat dengan menganalisis proses yang terjadi dalam menghasilkan innovation outcomes. Melalui delapan studi kasus di perusahaan komponen otomotif di Indonesia, terlihat bahwa IOR dapat meningkatkan kapabilitas inovasi perusahaan terutama untuk melakukan inovasi teknologi. Inovasi yang dihasilkan dapat dikatakan sebagai open innovation dengan adanya peran pihak eksternal dalam proses inovasi di perusahaan. Dengan IOR, perusahaan dapat memperoleh atau meningkatkan innovation enabler yang dibutuhkan perusahaan untuk menghasilkan innovation outcomes. IOR juga dapat membentuk dan memperkuat fondasi dasar bagi pembentukan perusahaan yang inovatif. Inovasi juga terlihat dapat menjadi media bagi pembentukan social control dalam IOR.Kata kunci: IOR, kinerja inovasi, kapabilitas inovasi, innovation outcomes, innovation enabler, ketergantungan sumber dayaAbstract.Â Interorganizational relationships (IOR) arising from interaction created by a firm can become a strategy for business development. Proper IOR management can provide benefits in improving firmâ??s innovation performance. Innovation performance which is also associated with innovation outcomes is strongly influenced by firmâ??s innovation capabilities. This paper discusses the influence of IOR towards innovation capabilities which is seen by analyzing the processes that occur in generating innovation outcomes. Through eight case studies in automotive components firms in Indonesia, it appears that the IOR can enhance company's innovation capabilities, especially for conducting technological innovation. The resulting innovations may be regarded as open innovation with the role of external parties in the process of innovation in the company. By IOR, a company may acquire or increase innovation enablers required to generate innovation outcomes. IOR can also shape and strengthen the basic foundation to build an innovative company. It is also found that innovation may become a media to form social control in IOR. Keywords: IOR, innovation performance, innovation capability, innovation outcomes, innovation enabler, resource-dependance

R & D dan Inovasi di Perusahaan Sektor Manufaktur Indonesia Prihadyanti, Dian; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi Vol 14, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : SBM ITB

Abstrak. Di era globalisasi ini, inovasi telah terbukti menjadi faktor penentu kesuksesan bersaing dan juga pertumbuhan bisnis perusahaan. Salah satu faktor penentu kesuksesan inovasi adalah kegiatan Research & Development (R&D). Namun, hingga saat ini, keberadaan R&D sebagai faktor pendorong terciptanya inovasi seringkali masih diperdebatkan. Dengan melakukan uji statistik terhadap data hasil survey di sektor manufaktur Indonesia, studi ini ingin melihat pengaruh R&D terhadap inovasi di perusahaan sektor manufaktur Indonesia. Hasil studi memperlihatkan bahwa aktivitas R&D memiliki peran penting terhadap inovasi di sektor manufaktur Indonesia. Tingkat pengeluaran R&D juga berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan inovasi. Hasil studi ini sekaligus mendebat teori innovation without R&D, yang menyatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara perusahaan yang melakukan R&D dengan perusahaan yang tidak melakukan R&D dalam menghasilkan inovasi.Â Kata kunci: R&D, inovasi, tingkat inovasi, pengeluaran R&D, perusahaan manufakturAbstract. In this globalized era, innovation has proven to be the key success factor for competition and also companyâ€™s business development. One of the factors determining the success of innovation is Research & Development (R&D) activities. However, until now, the existence of R & D as a driving factor for the creation of innovation is still being debated. Using statistical test to the survey data in the Indonesiaâ€™s manufacturing sector, this study attempts to observing the effect of R & D for innovation in the Indonesian manufacturing sector. The result of the study shows that R & D activity has an important role to innovation in Indonesiaâ€™s manufacturing firms. R & D expenditure level also affects the existence of innovation. Result of this study all at once debate the theory of innovation without R&D which state that there is no significant difference between firms with and without R&D in creating innovation.Â Keywords: R&D, innovation, level of innovation, R&D expenditure, manufacturing firm

HOW CAPITAL GOODS FIRMS UPGRADE INNOVATION CAPACITY: A CASE STUDY Aminullah, Erman; Prihadyanti, Dian; Nadhiroh, Irene Muflikh; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Perkembangan Iptek, LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Objective of the research is to reveal how networks upgrade innovation capacity and to derive policy suggestions necessary for enhancing capa-bilities for process improvements and innovations, including interactions between users and producers in capital goods industry. The case study results showed that: i) the main driver of technological learning in the capital goods companies is the vision of top management; ii) product innovation as the improvement of existing product can be the results of informal learning without doing formal R&D activity; iii) the limited co-operative arrangements among producer, supplier and consultant are sufficient for stimulating lower level of innovations, which is new to the firma innovations - rather than new to the market; and iv) the pro-ducers-users interaction in the forms of exchange in goods and infor-mation as well as cooperation will contribute to stimulate innovation in companies. Knowledge sharing through innovation network has a central role in upgrading innovation capacity. It implies that the necessary poli-cies to intensify the wiring innovation network in capital goods industry are: i) the establishment of bridging institution or network broker for training, facilitating and mobilizing of network formation; ii) government financial assistance for hiring external experts/consultant to upgrade the innovation capacity of industry; iii) incentives (i.e.financial compensa-tion, recognition and career advancement) for university and research institute professors working to upgrade the innovation capacity of indus-try; and iv) government consultancy services and/or subsidized consul-tancy services from universities/research institutions to upgrade innova-tion capacity of industry.

EVOLUTION PROCESS OF INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONS (IOR) IN AUTO PARTS FIRMS Handoyo, Setiowiji; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Perkembangan Iptek, LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Sustainability and improved performance of a company is closely associated with companys relationships with other organizations. Understanding the relationship between organizations (inter-organizational relations/IOR) is inseparable from the existence of a repeated process of interaction between or among organizations. In fact, the interaction process is related with time which determines whether a relationship increases from initial stage to mature stage. Through case studies, this study answers question of how the process of evolution IOR occur in automotive parts company with other organizations. This study also explains to what extent the strength evolution of the IOR process occurs, and the factors inducing IOR to reach the stage of mature/stable characterized by mutual trust. Results of the study showed that the evolutionary stage of IOR on automotive parts company with other actors vary widely. In the company forming a production network with principal, IOR has reached a mature stage. While the company which has no relationship with a production network with principals, trust in dealing with other actors (suppliers and principals) can be achieved with some length of time in interacting/dealing coupled in addition with an increase in the companys ability to meet the requirements from the principal/customer. Proponent factors for IOR until reaching a mature stage/stable in automotive component company is related with the companys position in the automotive business network, in addition to the ability of each party to honor the agreement that has been agreed in interacting.

INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONS AUTO PARTS INDUSTRY: THE CASE OF TENANT FIRMS Kardoyo, Hadi; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Perkembangan Iptek, LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Inter Organizational relations (IOR) plays an important role in enhancing firms activities. By utilizing IOR, firms may acquire knowledge, access to economic inputs, and build their competitive advantages. Meanwhile, automotive industry which is characterized by high degree of vertical interdepencies generally retain a well developed and great varieties of IOR.This paper aims to analyze IOR in IndonesiaÃ¢â¬â¢s automotive industry by conducting case studies of three Japanese firm tenants. The result of the study shows that IOR occured in those three companies. Nevertheless, the IOR differs among the tenants in terms of types, causal factors, driving factors, and barriers. These variations depend on the firmÃ¢â¬â¢s position within the industrial structures developed by Japanese automotive manufacturers. The closer the firmÃ¢â¬â¢s position, the stronger the IOR. The study also identifies that IOR in the second layer firms contribute to the firmÃ¢â¬â¢s learning activities and their technological capabilities.

Proses Evolusi Inter-Organizational Relation (IOR) Pada Perusahaan Komponen Otomotif Handoyo, Setiowiji; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Warta KIML (Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management)
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sustainability and improved performance of a company is closely associated with company's relationships with other organizations. Understanding the relationship between organizations (inter-organizational relations/IOR) is inseparable from the existence of a repeated process of interaction between or among organizations. In fact, the interaction process is related with time which determines whether a relationship increases from initial stage to mature stage. Through case studies, this study answers question of how the process of evolution IOR occur in automotive parts company with other organizations. This study also explains to what extent the strength evolution of the IOR process occurs, and the factors inducing IOR to reach the stage of mature/stable characterized by mutual trust. Results of the study showed that the evolutionary stage of IOR on automotive parts company with other actors vary widely. In the company forming a production network with principal, IOR has reached a mature stage. While the company which has no relationship with a production network with principals, trust in dealing with other actors (suppliers and principals) can be achieved with some length of time in interacting/dealing coupled in addition with an increase in the company's ability to meet the requirements from the principal/customer. Proponent factors for IOR until reaching a mature stage/stable in automotive component company is related with the company's position in the automotive business network, in addition to the ability of each party to honor the agreement that has been agreed in interacting.

How Capital Goods Firms Upgrade Innovation Capacity : A Case Study Aminullah, Erman; Prihadyanti, Dian; Nadhiroh, Irene Muflikh; Laksani, Chichi Shintia
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Warta KIML (Journal of S&T Policy and R&D Management)
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Objective of the research is to reveal how networks upgrade innovation capacity and to derive policy suggestions necessary for enhancing capa-bilities for process improvements and innovations, including interactions between users and producers in capital goods industry. The case study results showed that: i) the main driver of technological learning in the capital goods companies is the vision of top management; ii) product innovation as the improvement of existing product can be the results of informal learning without doing formal R&D activity; iii) the limited co-operative arrangements among producer, supplier and consultant are sufficient for stimulating lower level of innovations, which is 'new to the firma' innovations - rather than 'new to the market'; and iv) the pro-ducers-users interaction in the forms of exchange in goods and information as well as cooperation will contribute to stimulate innovation in companies. Knowledge sharing through innovation network has a central role in upgrading innovation capacity. It implies that the necessary poli-cies to intensify the wiring innovation network in capital goods industry are: i) the establishment of bridging institution or network broker for training, facilitating and mobilizing of network formation; ii) government financial assistance for hiring external experts/consultant to upgrade the innovation capacity of industry; iii) incentives (i.e.financial compensa-tion, recognition and career advancement) for university and research institute professors working to upgrade the innovation capacity of indus-try; and iv) government consultancy services and/or subsidized consul-tancy services from universities/research institutions to upgrade innovation capacity of industry.

How Does The Milk Processing Industry in Indonesia Develop Their Technological Capability? Triyono, Budi; Laksani, Chichi Shintia; Zulhamdani, Mohammad; Siahaan, Saut H
STI Policy and Management Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2016): STI Policy and Management
Publisher : Center for Science and Technology Development Studies, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Increasing public awareness of the importance of milk consumption and the increasing population of Indonesia make milk as an economic commodity that has a strategic value. The purpose of this study are to analyse the technological capabilities dairy processing industry in Indonesia and to understand how the company builds its technological capabilities. This research was conducted through case studies on some of the milk processing companies in Java classified by the ownership of capital are cooperative, local company and foreign company. The results showed differences in technological capabilities. The highest technological capabilities shown by foreign companies and the large-scale local companies. Meanwhile, a technological capability of dairy cooperatives is still low. By categories, mechanisme of technological capability development also different. Technological capabilities in dairy cooperatives conducted through internal efforts that do not involve external parties. Meanwhile, thelarge-scale local companies and foreign companies developed their technology capabilities by involving external partiess such as R & D institutions and foreign parties.

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