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The Application of Ripening Stimulant on Tamarillo (Chiphomandra betaceae) Packaged in Modified Atmosphere Packaging Farhan Hawari Harahap; Elisa Julianti; Mimi Nurminah
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Utilization of modified atmosphere packaging, can extend the shelf life of fruit. The research was done to evaluate the synergism between the delay of the ripening of tamarillo (Chiphomandra betaceae) through modified atmosphere and to be continued with the application of ripening stimulant material. The packaging treatment using a low density poliethylen plastic consists of an active modified atmosphere packaging with adsorben materials such as O2, CO2 and ethylene and also passive modified atmosphere packaging, then the packaged fruits were stored in two weeks. The application of ripening stimulant was done on the fruit that had been taken out from the packaging after 2 weeks storage. The materials of the ripening stimulant were ethepon 250 ppm, ethylene gas 250 ppm, acetylene gas 250 ppm and calcium carbide 0,3% (w/w). The results showed that there was a synergisme effect between the delay of a fruit ripening by a modified atmosphere packaging for two weeks storage that can be seen from the color score of a fruit skin, namely: 2 (yellowish green), and after treatment by the ripening stimulant, it was followed by a normal fruit ripening that was shown by a changing of skin colour to red and softening of the pulp. . Key words : modified atmosphere packaging, ripening stimulant, tamarillo

The Effect of Physically Modification Process on Starch Characteristic and Resistant Starch Production from Four Varieties of Cassava (Manihot esculenta)) Nazhrah Nazhrah; Elisa Julianti; Linda Masniary Lubis
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Resistant starch is a starch or starch degradation products that are not digested in the human digestive system so that the starch can escape digestion in the small intestine system but can be fermented by the natural microflora in the large intestine. Resistant starch has a positive impact on health, such as preventing the increase in blood glucose levels significantly. This research used cassava as raw material because it had functional properties i.e resistant starch content that can be obtained through the treatment process. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of physically modification process on the production of resistant starch and to determine the characteristics of the modified starch from four varieties of cassava. The physical process was done by autoclaving at 110oC and 121oC. The research was conducted in two phases, making the natural starch from four varieties of cassava starch and modification of starch. The physical and chemical characteristics of modified starch were tested including moisture, ash, protein, and fat content, pH value, pasting properties, starch granules shape and size, total sugars, starch, and resistant starch content. Modification treatment by autoclaving at 110oC produced the highest resistant starch content (36,78%) and modified starch from yellow tuber- cassava which is modified by autoclaving treatment 121oC) had the highest resistant starch content (53,22%). Keywords: Cassava, Modified Starch, Resistant Starch

Production of Carrot Ciam Noodle from Composite Flour (wheat flour-sweet potato starch- germinated soy flour) By Adding Carrot Juice and Thickeners Melisa Halim; Elisa Julianti; Herla Rusmarilin
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Wheat flour is used in making a variety of foods such as bread, cookies, and noodles because the wheat flour contains gluten that gives the chewy characteristics. Wheat as raw material of wheat flour is still imported, that can disrupt food security in Indonesia. One of the efforts to reduce the use of wheat flour is by diversification. The implementation was done in the manufacture of noodles by substituting some of the wheat flour with sweet potato starch and germinated soy flour and carrots. The aim of this research was to produce carrot ciam noodles with better nutritional value.The research was conducted in two phases. 1) The manufacture of composite flour. The flour was tested on protein content, fat content, moisture content, ash content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content, amilograph with Brabender viscoanalizer, whiteness, water absorption, oil absorption and gelatinization temperature. 2) The manufacture of ciam noodles from composite flour with the addition of carrots and thickeners. Composite flour of phase 1 which has the best protein content and water absorption would be used in making ciam noodles. The texture, color (Hunter method), water absorption, cooking loss, protein content, fat content, moisture content, ash content, crude fiber content, carbohydrate content and organoleptic tests were tested on pre-cooked carrot ciam noodles, boiled and fried. The results showed that carrot ciam noodles made from 50% wheat flour, 25% sweet potato starch and 25% germinated soy flour with the addition of 20% carrots and 1% CMC produced the best carrot ciam noodles. Keywords: Carrot, ciam noodles, germinated soy flour, sweet potato starch.

Effect of Ethepon as Ripening Stimulant on The Tamarillo Fruit with Two Maturity Levels Rosdiana Rosdiana; Elisa Julianti; Lasma Nora Limbong
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Posharvest handling is an attemp to meet market demand of ideal agricultural products condition. The aim of this research was to find the effect of ethepon as ripening stimulant on the tamarillo fruit with two maturity levels. The research had been performed using completely randomized design with two factors, i.e the maturity of tamarillo fruit (M) : (green and green to yellow) and ethepon concentration (E) : (0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 750 ppm). Parameters observed were moisture content, weight loss, vitamin C content, hardness, titratable acidity, total soluble solid, maturity index, color score, organoleptic values of color, flavor and texture. The results showed that maturity level had highly significant effect on moisture content, weight loss, vitamin C content, hardness, titratable acidity, total soluble solid, maturity index, color score, organoleptic values of color, flavor and texture. The ethepon concentration had highly significant effect on moisture content, weight loss, hardness, titratable acidity, total soluble solid, maturity index, color score, organoleptic values of color, flavor and texture. Interaction of the two factors had highly significant effect on hardness, maturity index, color score and organoleptic value of color. The green to yellow maturity of tamarillo and 750 ppm concentration of ethepon produced the best quality of tamarillo at seven days storage. Keywords : ethepon concentration, maturity level, tamarillo

Physicochemical Properties of Composite Flour Based on Rice, Sweet Potato, Potatoes, Soybean and Xanthan Gum Rizqa Amalia; Elisa Julianti; Ridwansyah Ridwansyah
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The research was aimed to study the physicochemical properties of composite flour from rice, sweet potato, potato starch and soy flours. The reseach had been performed using factorial completely randomized design, with one factor i.e the ratio of : rice flour, sweet potato flour, potato starch, soy flour and xanthan gum (T): 30%:50%:15%:4,5%:0,5%, 30%:45%:20%:4,5%:0,5%, 30%:40%:25%:4,5%:0,5%, 30%:45%:15%:9,5%:0,5%, 30%:40%:20%:9,5%:0,5%, 30%:35%:25%:9,5%:0,5%, 30%:40%:15%:14,5%:0,5%, 30%:35%:20%:14,5%:0,5%, 30%:30%:25%:14,5%:0,5%, 100%. Parameters analyzed were water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, fiber content, and color. The results showed that the ratio of rice flour, sweet potato flour, potato starch, soy flour and xanthan gum had highly significant effect on water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, fiber content, and color. Ratio of 30%: 35%: 20%: 14,5%: 0,5% had a physicochemical properties near to wheat flour therefore can be used as a wheat flour alternative in gluten free food products. Keyword : Rice flour, sweet potato flour, potato starch, soy flour, xanthan gum

The development of soyballs product with addition of gluten and cassava, sweet potato, corn, and potato starch Mhd Reza Pramudya; Elisa Julianti; Linda Masniary Lubis
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of a meat substitute soy composite flour or okara and gluten with the addition of different starch (cassava starch, sweet potato, corn and potatoes) on the physicochemical characteristics of soyballs. Flour composites were made by mixing soy flour or okara flour and gluten with 6 levels of ratio i.e :K1 = 80%: 20%, K2 = 70%: 30%, K3 = 60%: 40%, K4 = 80%: 20 %, K5 = 70%: 30%, K6 = 60%: 40%, and then proximate analysis and water absorption were analyzed. The results of analysis of composite flour with soy flour and gluten ratio of 80%: 20% and composite flour from okara and gluten flour with a ratio of 60%: 40% had a higher protein content i.e 18,0280% and 9,2110% and a higher water absorption,i.e of 2,8850 g/g and 3,1615 g/g respectively. Both types of comparison were then used as a meat substitute in the manufacture of meatballs with the addition of fillers such as cassava starch, sweet potatoes, corn, and potatoes. The soyballs produces were then analyzed physico-chemically include proximate analysis, color, firmness, water binding power, cooking yield and sensory characteristics.The results showed that differences in the type of flour composites used as meat substitutes and type of filler produces soy meatballs with different quality. In general, soy flour composite and gluten produced of soyballs had a higher protein content than soyballs made from composite flour okara and gluten. The filler that provided good quality soyballs was corn. Corn was good on both soyballs from soy flour and tofu with gluten with the filler of corn had higher protein content and fat content, cooking yield and higher texture values than soyballs from soy flour and tofu with filler of cassava, sweet potato, and potato starch. Keywords : Composite flour, gluten, soybean balls, starch

The Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Rice Noodle from Gelatinized Rice Flour with the Addition of Modified Cassava Starch, Carrageenan and Chitosan Meiliena Meiliena; Elisa Julianti; Linda Masniary Lubis
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The aim of this research was to study the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of rice noodle which was made from the mixture of gelatinized rice flour, propionic acid modified cassava starch, carrageenan as emulsifier and chitosan as natural preservative. The manufacture of composite flour from gelatinized rice flour and modified cassava starch in 4:1 ratio plus carrageenan (0, 10, 20, and 30%) and chitosan (0,1, and 2%) and then used for making rice noodle. The result showed that the correlation between carrageenan’s and chitosan’s concentration showed highly significant difference on ash and crude fiber content, also on flavor and texture of rice noodle. The best quality of rice noodle was made from composite flour – gelatinized rice flour and modified cassava starch and the addition of 2% chitosan and 0% carrageenan. Keywords: Rice noodle, Gelatinized Rice Noodle, Carrageenan, Chitosan, Propionic Acid Modified Cassava Starch

The Effect of the Ratio of Beetroot Juice with Pineapple Juice and Gelatine Addition on the Characteristics of Jelly Candy Desi Revina Amy Naibaho; Rona J. Nainggolan; Elisa Julianti
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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The aim of the research was to find the effect of the ratio of beetroot juice and pineapple juice with addition of gelatine on the characteristics of jelly candy. The research was done by using completely randomized design with two factors, i.e the ratio of beetroot juice and pineapple juice(S): (10%:90%, 20%:80%, 30%:70%, 40%:60%) and gelatine addition (G): (4%, 5%, 6%). The analyzed parameters were moisture content, ash content, vitamin C content, total acid, total soluble solid and sensory test (color, flavor, taste, and texture). The result showed that the ratio of beetroot juice with pineapple juice had highly significant effect on ash content, vitamin C content, total acid, total soluble solid, and sensory test (color, flavor, and taste). Gelatine addition had highly significant effect on moisture content, ash content, vitamin C content, total acid, total soluble solid, and sensory test texture (hedonic). The Interaction between the ratio of beetroot juice with pineapple juice and gelatine’s concentration gave highly significant effect on ash content and signigicant effect on sensory test of color. The ratio of the beetroot juice with pineapple juice of 30%:70% (S3) and gelatine’s concentration of 4% (G1) produced the best jelly candy product. For the best product antioxidant activity was determined. Keywords: Beetroot juice, gelatin, jelly candy, pineapple juice.

The Effect of Concentration and Fineness of Roasted Corn Flour on the Physicochemical and Sensory Quality of Lollies Ice Alex Frans GL Tobing; Terip Karo-Karo; Elisa Julianti
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 4, No 3 (2016): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Lollies ice are frozen beverage products with solid phase and belong to one of the water ice products, which tend to taste sweet with economical purchase price. The aim of this research was to know the combination of concentration and fineness of the roasted roasted corn flour in producing lollies ice with th best physicochemical and sensory characteristics that can be accepted by consumers. The research was using completely randomized design with two factors, i.e the concentration of roasted corn flour consisted of 5 levels i.e 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% and roasted corn flour fineness consisted of 3 levels i.e 60 mesh, 80 mesh and 100 mesh. The parameters analyzed were physical quality characteristics (color, melting rate), chemical (pH, total soluble solids, ash content (mineral), total solids), and sensory characteristics (color, flavor, taste, and texture). The results showed that the interaction between concentration of roasted corn flour fineness had a highly significant effect (P <0,01) on a score of texture. The increasing concentrations of roasted corn flour decreased the color value (oHue), pH, melting rate and increased the value of total solids and ash content (mineral) of lollies ice. The lollies ice with the best quality was based on the characteristics of sensory by hedonic test with % AI (Acceptable Index) value was the concentration of 6% roasted corn flour and a fineness of 100 mesh. The best lollies ice had total value of sugar of 22.99% which already met the minimum addition of sugar to the quality standard (8.0%) and total microbes of 7.46 x 102 CFU / ml which showed a lower amount than the maximum permissible total microbes standard (1 x 104 CFU / ml). Keywords: Flour roasted corn kernels, finenees of flour, lollies ice

The Effect of Atmospherer Composition on The Quality of Berastagi Tangerines Fruit (Citrus Nobilis LOUR var Microcarpa) During The Storage at Room Temperature Marisi Panggabean; Rona J. Nainggolan; Elisa Julianti
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 4, No 3 (2016): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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This research was conducted to discover the effect of atmosphere composition during storage at room temperature on the quality of Berastagi tangerines. The research was conducted by applying a complete randomly design with two factors, i e atmosphere composition of A1 = concentrations of O2 3-7%, concentrations of CO2 1-3%, A2 = concentrations of O2 8-12%, concentrations of CO2 1-3%, A3 = concentrations of O2 3-7%, concentrations of CO2 4-6%, A4 = concentrations of O2 8-12%, concentrations of CO2 4-6%, and A5 = Control (open air). Length of storage were L1 = 5 days, L2 = 10 days, and L3 = 15 days. The Parameters obsserved were water content, mass loss, vitamin C content, total soluble solids, total acid, hardness, organoleptic of color, smell, taste, and texture. The results of the research showed that atmosphere composition had highly significant effect the water content, mass loss, vitamin C content, total soluble solids, total acid, hardness, organoleptic of color, smell, taste, and texture. The length of storage had highly significant effect on the water content, mass loss, vitamin C content, total soluble solids, total acid, hardness, organoleptic of color, smell, taste, and texture. The longer of the length of the storage , the lower the water content, the vitamin C content, and the total acid, but the higher the mass loss was. The interaction only affected the water content and the total acid. The air composition of O2 3-7%, and CO2 1-3% could maintain the quality of Berastagi tangerine for 15 days. Keyword : Berastagi Tangerines, air composition, storage

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