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Kajian Kritis Terhadap Fatwa MUI Tahun 1981 Tentang Iddah Wafat Dan Relevansinya Bagi Wanita Karir Shofiatul Jannah; Zaenul Mahmudi
Muslim Heritage Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Muslim Heritage: Jurnal Dialog Islam dengan Realitas
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/muslimheritage.v6i2.3389

AbstractIddah is a woman's obligation after divorce from her husband, either divorce or divorce. The MUI fatwa regarding iddah died in 1981 which decided First, the ability to go out of the house for women who are carrying out iddah is a matter of khilafiyyah, second, choosing the opinion of the majority of scholars, namely it is not permissible for women during the iddah period to leave the house at night, even to carry out the pilgrimage. The fatwa does not explain in detail about the period of the iddah of death and the sentence can lead to many interpretations. In addition, is the fatwa still relevant to the current context where many women work in various public sectors. For these reasons, it is important to review the MUI fatwa on the iddah of death. This research is a library research with a normative approach and uses a qualitative method, namely by observing and reviewing the MUI fatwa on the iddah of death as well as its relevance for career women. The results of this study are that there is a conflict between the MUI fatwa and the text of the Qur'an, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 concerning the implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. Regarding the relevance of the MUI fatwa to the iddah period of career women, the fatwa does provide space not to carry out iddah during the day, but must remain in the corridor of Islamic law. So that Shari'a can still be carried out without negating the rights and obligations of both social and individual. AbstrakIddah merupakan kewajiban seorang wanita setelah bercerai dengan suaminya baik cerai talak atau cerai mati. Fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat tahun 1981 yang memutuskan Pertama, kebolehan keluar rumah bagi wanita yang sedang menjalankan iddah adalah masalah khilafiyyah kedua, memilih pendapat jumhur ulama yaitu tidak bolehnya wanita dalam masa idaah untuk keluar rumah di malam hari, sekalipun untuk melaksanakan ibadah haji. Fatwa tersebut tidak menjelaskan secara rinci tentang masa iddah wafat dan kalimat tersebut dapat menimbulkan banyak penafsiran. Selain itu apakah fatwa tersebut masih relevan dengan konteks saat ini dimana banyak wanita yang bekerja di berbagai sektor publik. Karena beberapa alasan tersebut menjadi penting untuk mengkaji kembali fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat. Adapun penelitian ini merupakan kepustakaan (library reseacrh) dengan pendekatan normatif dan menggunakan metode kualititatif yaitu dengan mengamati dan mengkaji fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat juga relevansinya bagi wanita karir. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada pertentangan antara fatwa MUI dan nash al-Qur’an, Peraturan pemerintah no 9 tahun 1975 tentan pelaksanaan undang-undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan. Terkait relevansi fatwa MUI dengan masa iddah wanita karir, fatwa tersebut memang memberikan ruang untuk tidak melaksanakan iddah di siang hari, akan tetapi harus tetap pada koridor syari’at Islam. Sehingga syari’at tetap dapat dijalankan tanpa meniadakan hak dan kewajiban baik sosial ataupun individu.

Pembagian Waris Pra-Kematian Pada Masyarakat Islam Jawa Perspektif Hukum Progresif Faizurrizqi -AD; Fauzan Zenrif; Zaenul Mahmudi
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 9 No 1 (2022): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v9i1.4087

The practice of dividing pre-death inheritance in Pehserut Village is an inheritance phenomenon that follows Javanese customary law by prioritizing several aspects of mutual benefit, but the inheritance distribution model that occurs in the Pehserut Village community does not get legality in classical Fiqh or Indonesian positive law. Moreover, the Islamic community in Pehserut Village which incidentally is oriented to the opinion of Sunni scholars on fiqh issues, which distinguishes between the terms grant, will, and inheritance. This article aims to describe the aspects that become the background of the Pehserut village community in carrying out the distribution of the pre-death inheritance of the heirs, as well as understanding the distribution of pre-death inheritance in the Pehserut Village community from the perspective of progressive legal theory. The method used in this paper is a field study, data obtained by interviewing several relevant sources and supplemented with supporting documentation. The results of the study concluded that the distribution process used a method similar to grants and wills, but the Javanese people of Pehserut Village did not call it that but called it the term 'inheritance'.Distribution of Pre-Death Inheritance, Javanese Islamic Community Inheritance, Progressive Law.

Wasiat Sebagai Penyeimbang Pembagian Warisan Menurut Hazairin Perspektif Teori Keadilan Distributif Aristoteles Muhammad Misbakhul Ulum; Zaenul Mahmudi; Moh. Toriquddin
Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31602/al-adl.v14i2.6019

The division of inheritance is a problem that will be faced by every family of Muslims.Jumhur ulama has established a method of division of property, namely by the method of inheritance. However, Hazairin has his own thought that the distribution of inheritance is not only done by inheritance method, but can also be compromised with a will in order to provide justice for each existing heir. This study aims to examine more deeply about the method offered by Hazairin, whether it can provide justice for the heirs or not. Therefore, a deeper study is needed using Aristotle's theory of distributive justice. The research uses a qualitative approach with the type of character study research, using secondary legal materials. The results showed that Hazairin's goal of making a will as a counterweight in the distribution of inheritance was to provide a share that was in accordance with the conditions of each heir, both in terms of weaknesses and strengths that were not considered in the inheritance system. Furthermore, the method initiated by Hazairin has met the indicators of Aristotle's distributive justice including being in accordance with the law, impartial, and proportional.

HAK WARIS ANAK LUAR NIKAH PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN HUKUM HANS KELSEN DAN WARIS SUNNI (STUDI PMK NOMOR 46/PUU-VIII/2010) Ahmad Tirmidzi; Zaenul Mahmudi; Moh. Toriquddin
JURNAL AL-IJTIMAIYYAH Vol 8, No 2 (2022): Jurnal AL-IJTIMAIYYAH
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-ijtimaiyyah.v8i2.14641

Abstract: The constitutional court's decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 was passed in response to the judicial review submissions of Mochicha Mochtar and Iqbal Ramdan who felt that their constitutional rights were hindered by the law, namely article 43 paragraph (1) of the Law. No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage. Under the article, every children born out of wedlock does not have a civil law relationship with his father. The condition of children born out of wedlock can be analogous like a person who is exposed to sap without eating the fruit, meaning that the children born out of wedlock is not the actor of violations of legal action, but he is exposed to the burden of law for violations committed by both parents. Though every child is born without carrying the burden of sins committed by both parents and remains in a fitrah. The constitutional court's decision aims to uphold justice for the inheritance rights of children born out of wedlock who are considered hindered by one of marriage law articles in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the principle of justice related to the civil rights of children born out of wedlock in Constitutional Court Decision No. 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 perspective of legal justice Hans Kelsen and coherence with Sunni inheritance law. This research is normative-descriptive research with library research methods. The constitutional court's ruling has a coherence with the opinion of Abu Hasan Al-Mawardi who said an illegitimate child can be descended of a man as his father after a blood relationship can be proven. After being analyzed with the legal justice of Hans Kelsen, the Constitutional Court's verdict has contained the value of justice. So that parties who have interests related to the civil rights of children born out of wedlock must be obedient to the content of the ruling.Keywords: Inheritance of Children Born Out of Wedlock; Sunni Inheritance Law; Hans Kelsen's Legal Justice. Abstrak: Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 disahkan sebagai respon atas pengajuan judicial review Mochicha Mochtar dan Iqbal Ramdan yang merasa hak konstitusionalnya dihalangi oleh undang-undang yaitu Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Berdasarkan pasal tersebut setiap anak luar nikah tidak mempunyai hubungan keperdataan dengan ayahnya. Posisi anak dapat dianalogikan seperti orang yang terkena getah tanpa memakan buahnya, artinya anak yang terlahir di luar nikah bukan pelaku pelanggaran tindakan hukum, namun ia terkena beban hukum atas pelanggaran yang dilakukan kedua orang tuanya. Padahal setiap anak terlahir tanpa membawa beban dosa yang diperbuat oleh kedua orang tuanya dan tetap dalam keadaan fitrah. Putusan MK tersebut bertujuan menegakkan keadilan atas hak-hak keperdataan anak luar nikah yang dinilai terhalangi oleh salah satu pasal dalam undang-undang perkawinan di Indonesia. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisi prinsip keadilan terkait hak waris anak luar nikah dalam Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 perspektif keadilan hukum Hans Kelsen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif-deskriptif dengan metode library research. Putusan MK tersebut mempunyai koherensi dengan pendapat Abu Hasan Al-Mawardi yang mengutarakan anak luar nikah dapat nasab dengan laki-laki sebagai ayahnya setelah hubungan darah dapat dibuktikan. Setelah dianalisis dengan keadilan hukum Hans Kelsen, Putusan MK tersebut telah memuat nilai keadilan. Sehingga pihak yang mempunyai kepentingan terkait hak keperdataan anak luar nikah harus bersikap patuh terhadap isi putusan tersebut.Kata Kunci: Waris Anak Luar Nikah; Hukum Waris Sunni; Keadilan Hukum Hans Kelsen.

The Principle of Segendong Sepikul in the Inheritance Distribution System of the Muslim Community from the Perspective of Multidisciplinary Studies Nur Alfy Syahriana; Zaenul Mahmudi
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i2.15238

This research was motivated by the researcher's interest in the principle of segendong sepikul which is applied in the Muslim community of Kandangtepus Village, Lumajang Regency, East Java, in distributing the inheritance. The purpose of this article is to describe the practice of the principle of segendong sepikul in the inheritance distribution model by the Muslim community of Kandangtepus Village. In the light of that, the researcher analyzes the said practice by using a multidisciplinary study in the present juridical-empirical research. Analyzed from the juridical-normative side, this practice is not in accordance with the provisions on the distribution of inheritance as found in the Sunni jurisprudences and the Compilation of Islamic Law. From a sociological perspective, this practice is appropriate with principles of justice according to Gustav and the concept of al-islah (reconciliation), as one of the teachings of Islam. Finally, the practice is likewise appropriate with the principles of Human Rights as it gives the person's rights according to the degree of the responsibility they carry.Keywords: Islamic inheritance; adat law; local wisdom.

Anti-Semitism pada Penafsiran M. Quraish Shihab terhadap ayat-ayat tentang Yahudi dalam Tafsir al-Misbah Ali Hamdan; Zaenul Mahmudi; Muhammad Muhammad
AL QUDS : Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/alquds.v7i1.5331

Anti-Semitism in M. Quraish Shihab's Interpretation of verses about Jews in Tafsir al-MisbahThis article aims to analyze more deeply the issue of anti-Semitism in the interpretation of the Qur'an Quraish Shibah. Seeing the growing movement of adherents of the Jewish religion in Indonesia and the emergence of a survey from the Wahid Foundation that Indonesian Muslims do not like Judaism, it is necessary to have an in-depth study regarding the interpretation of Indonesian figures towards Jewish verses in the Koran. Quraish Shihab apart from being an intellectual figure in Indonesia who has a complete commentary of 30 chapters, he is also one of Indonesia's political figures. Quraish Shihab's interpretation of Judaism needs to be explored to track and analyze more deeply whether there are elements of anti-Semitism in his interpretation, seeing that he is one of the intellectual and political figures of Indonesian Muslims. To reveal the interpretation of Quraish Shihab, the descriptive-analytical method is the guideline in this article. After carrying out the analysis, it was found that Tafsir al-Misbah still has a strong impression of anti-Semitism, although it does not apply equally to all adherents of the Jewish religion. Regarding the characteristics revealed by Quraish in describing the Jews, namely: often playing against each other, jealous, and often committing lies, and aspiring for Muslims to embrace Judaism

Kajian Kritis Terhadap Fatwa MUI Tahun 1981 Tentang Iddah Wafat Dan Relevansinya Bagi Wanita Karir Shofiatul Jannah; Zaenul Mahmudi
Muslim Heritage Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Muslim Heritage: Jurnal Dialog Islam dengan Realitas
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

AbstractIddah is a woman's obligation after divorce from her husband, either divorce or divorce. The MUI fatwa regarding iddah died in 1981 which decided First, the ability to go out of the house for women who are carrying out iddah is a matter of khilafiyyah, second, choosing the opinion of the majority of scholars, namely it is not permissible for women during the iddah period to leave the house at night, even to carry out the pilgrimage. The fatwa does not explain in detail about the period of the iddah of death and the sentence can lead to many interpretations. In addition, is the fatwa still relevant to the current context where many women work in various public sectors. For these reasons, it is important to review the MUI fatwa on the iddah of death. This research is a library research with a normative approach and uses a qualitative method, namely by observing and reviewing the MUI fatwa on the iddah of death as well as its relevance for career women. The results of this study are that there is a conflict between the MUI fatwa and the text of the Qur'an, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 concerning the implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. Regarding the relevance of the MUI fatwa to the iddah period of career women, the fatwa does provide space not to carry out iddah during the day, but must remain in the corridor of Islamic law. So that Shari'a can still be carried out without negating the rights and obligations of both social and individual. AbstrakIddah merupakan kewajiban seorang wanita setelah bercerai dengan suaminya baik cerai talak atau cerai mati. Fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat tahun 1981 yang memutuskan Pertama, kebolehan keluar rumah bagi wanita yang sedang menjalankan iddah adalah masalah khilafiyyah kedua, memilih pendapat jumhur ulama yaitu tidak bolehnya wanita dalam masa idaah untuk keluar rumah di malam hari, sekalipun untuk melaksanakan ibadah haji. Fatwa tersebut tidak menjelaskan secara rinci tentang masa iddah wafat dan kalimat tersebut dapat menimbulkan banyak penafsiran. Selain itu apakah fatwa tersebut masih relevan dengan konteks saat ini dimana banyak wanita yang bekerja di berbagai sektor publik. Karena beberapa alasan tersebut menjadi penting untuk mengkaji kembali fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat. Adapun penelitian ini merupakan kepustakaan (library reseacrh) dengan pendekatan normatif dan menggunakan metode kualititatif yaitu dengan mengamati dan mengkaji fatwa MUI tentang iddah wafat juga relevansinya bagi wanita karir. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada pertentangan antara fatwa MUI dan nash al-Qur’an, Peraturan pemerintah no 9 tahun 1975 tentan pelaksanaan undang-undang nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan. Terkait relevansi fatwa MUI dengan masa iddah wanita karir, fatwa tersebut memang memberikan ruang untuk tidak melaksanakan iddah di siang hari, akan tetapi harus tetap pada koridor syari’at Islam. Sehingga syari’at tetap dapat dijalankan tanpa meniadakan hak dan kewajiban baik sosial ataupun individu.

The Principle of Segendong Sepikul in the Inheritance Distribution System of the Muslim Community from the Perspective of Multidisciplinary Studies Nur Alfy Syahriana; Zaenul Mahmudi
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Shariah Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i2.15238

This research was motivated by the researcher's interest in the principle of segendong sepikul which is applied in the Muslim community of Kandangtepus Village, Lumajang Regency, East Java, in distributing the inheritance. The purpose of this article is to describe the practice of the principle of segendong sepikul in the inheritance distribution model by the Muslim community of Kandangtepus Village. In the light of that, the researcher analyzes the said practice by using a multidisciplinary study in the present juridical-empirical research. Analyzed from the juridical-normative side, this practice is not in accordance with the provisions on the distribution of inheritance as found in the Sunni jurisprudences and the Compilation of Islamic Law. From a sociological perspective, this practice is appropriate with principles of justice according to Gustav and the concept of al-islah (reconciliation), as one of the teachings of Islam. Finally, the practice is likewise appropriate with the principles of Human Rights as it gives the person's rights according to the degree of the responsibility they carry.Keywords: Islamic inheritance; adat law; local wisdom.

The Family Corner for the Post-COVID 19 Revitalization of Family Function Sudirman Sudirman; Ramadhita Ramadhita; Syabbul Bachri; Erfaniah Zuhriah; Zaenul Mahmudi
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v5i1.9122

The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced family functions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesian families face three significant problems: distanced-family relations; neglected family education; and unequal socio-economic situation. This paper aims at explaining these three fundamental changes in family institutions. Besides, this paper identifies the factors that lead to family dysfunction. This article also offers concrete solutions to restore the lose of families function due to the COVID-19, i.e. the formation of a Family Corner. This research is a normative study using a critical, descriptive analysis method by presenting data from various literature and document sources. The latest data supported by several recent studies are described in detail in this paper. This research shows that post-pandemic family functions’ revitalization can be started by preparing a strong husband and wife’s emotional maturity.In addition, it is necessary to assist in communication and financial management of the family. Furthermore, revitalization will be successful if job opportunities are opened as widely as possible with incentive funds from the government and philanthropic institutions. Finally, the resolution and anticipation of natural disasters can be anticipated and resolved as quickly as possible. One of the effective ways for family revitalization is by establishing a Family Corner at each smallest unit of the society (Rukun Tetangga and Rukun Warga). Further research on this issue can be conducted through interviews with some informants who have experienced changes family lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic and mapping their hopes post pandemic period.

The Concept of Aqidah Akhlak Education Curriculum in Forming Istiqamah Character of Elementary School Students Reky Lidyawati; Mohammad Asrori; Zaenul Mahmudi; Ahmad Barizi
QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama Vol 15 No 2 (2023): Qalamuna - Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Program Pascasarjana IAI Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/qalamuna.v15i2.2762

There is a need for an aqidah akhlak education curriculum that can shape the character of istiqamah students at the elementary school level as a basic foundation for good character building. Thus, this research seeks to explore: (1) How is the concept of aqidah akhlak education curriculum in shaping the istiqamah character of elementary school students at the stage of learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation? (2) How is implementing the aqidah akhlak education curriculum in shaping the istiqamah character of elementary school students at the stage of learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation? This research uses a qualitative approach. This type of multi-site study research is chosen to provide a search for the proposed research problem. Data collection techniques were carried out by 1) in-depth interviews, 2) participant observation, and 3) documentation. The data were analyzed with an interactive model consisting of data condensation, data display, conclusion, and verification. Data validity checking is based on four criteria: degree of trust (credibility), degree of transferability, degree of dependability, and degree of certainty (confirmability). The results of this study were found (1) the concept of the aqidah akhlak education curriculum in shaping the istiqamah character of elementary school students at the learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation stages in two Islamic elementary schools in Situbondo and (2) implementation of the aqidah akhlak education curriculum in shaping the istiqamah character of elementary school students at the stage of learning planning, learning implementation, and learning evaluation in two Islamic elementary schools in Situbondo.

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