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Disparitas Antara Hisab dan Rukyat: Akar Perbedaan dan Kompleksitas Percabangannya Shofwatul Aini
Muslim Heritage Vol 2, No 1 (2017): Muslim Heritage
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Abstract: The one of some problems faced by Moslems in Indonesia is about how to determine the beginning of month of hijri year. It happens because there is no agreement on the criteria of the beginning of month of hijri year. The different ways on the interpreting hadith about the beginning of the month causes emerged of two different streams. On one side, there are some Moslems who use rukyat method (seeing the new moon) as the best way to determine the beginning of the month, usually called as “madzhab rukyat”. On the other side, there are also some Moslems who prefer to use hisab method (counting the position of the new moon) as the best way to determine the beginning of the month, usually called as “madzhab Hisab”. This difference has lead to a discordance among Moslems because it take effect on the way to determine the beginning of Ramadhan, the beginning of Syawal, and determine time to doing Arafah fasting. This article is trying to identify the root of that difference. There is the fact that there are also the new differences which made the gap within each method, so it becomes wider than before. Abstrak: Penentuan awal bulan Hijriyah merupakan salah satu di antara permasalahan yang ada di kalangan umat Islam di Indonesia. Permasalahan ini terjadi karena belum disepakatinya kriteria awal bulan. Perbedaan penafsiran terhadap hadits tentang awal bulan menyebabkan terdapat dua aliran yang berbeda. Di satu sisi, ada sekelompok umat Islam yang menggunakan metode rukyat yang biasanya disebut dengan madzhab rukyat. Di sisi lain, ada juga sebagian umat Islam yang lebih memilih memakai metode hisab, yang kadang dinamakan sebagai madzhab hisab. Perbedaan metode penentuan awal bulan ini kadang menimbulkan perpecahan di kalangan umat Islam karena berkaitan dengan penentuan awal Ramadhan, awal Syawal, dan puasa Arafah. Artikel ini berusaha mengkaji akar perbedaan yang memunculkan metode hisab dan rukyat dalam penentuan awal bulan Hijriyah. Perbedaan antara metode hisab dan metode rukyat semakin bertambah ketika masing-masing dalam metode tersebut pada kenyataannya juga memiliki perbedaan.

Disparitas Antara Hisab dan Rukyat: Akar Perbedaan dan Kompleksitas Percabangannya Shofwatul Aini
Muslim Heritage Vol 2, No 1 (2017): Muslim Heritage
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Abstract: The one of some problems faced by Moslems in Indonesia is about how to determine the beginning of month of hijri year. It happens because there is no agreement on the criteria of the beginning of month of hijri year. The different ways on the interpreting hadith about the beginning of the month causes emerged of two different streams. On one side, there are some Moslems who use rukyat method (seeing the new moon) as the best way to determine the beginning of the month, usually called as “madzhab rukyat”. On the other side, there are also some Moslems who prefer to use hisab method (counting the position of the new moon) as the best way to determine the beginning of the month, usually called as “madzhab Hisab”. This difference has lead to a discordance among Moslems because it take effect on the way to determine the beginning of Ramadhan, the beginning of Syawal, and determine time to doing Arafah fasting. This article is trying to identify the root of that difference. There is the fact that there are also the new differences which made the gap within each method, so it becomes wider than before. Abstrak: Penentuan awal bulan Hijriyah merupakan salah satu di antara permasalahan yang ada di kalangan umat Islam di Indonesia. Permasalahan ini terjadi karena belum disepakatinya kriteria awal bulan. Perbedaan penafsiran terhadap hadits tentang awal bulan menyebabkan terdapat dua aliran yang berbeda. Di satu sisi, ada sekelompok umat Islam yang menggunakan metode rukyat yang biasanya disebut dengan madzhab rukyat. Di sisi lain, ada juga sebagian umat Islam yang lebih memilih memakai metode hisab, yang kadang dinamakan sebagai madzhab hisab. Perbedaan metode penentuan awal bulan ini kadang menimbulkan perpecahan di kalangan umat Islam karena berkaitan dengan penentuan awal Ramadhan, awal Syawal, dan puasa Arafah. Artikel ini berusaha mengkaji akar perbedaan yang memunculkan metode hisab dan rukyat dalam penentuan awal bulan Hijriyah. Perbedaan antara metode hisab dan metode rukyat semakin bertambah ketika masing-masing dalam metode tersebut pada kenyataannya juga memiliki perbedaan.

Telaah ‘Urf Terhadap Adat Larangan Nikah Mbarep Telon di Desa Tawun Ngawi Dian Candra Kumala Putri; Shofwatul Aini
Jurnal Antologi Hukum Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo

For the Muslim community, guidelines regarding marriage are contained in the Qur'an, hadith, positive law, and Urf. In practice, people still use traditions in carrying out marriages, one of which is Mbarep Telon, meaning that the marriage is carried out by the prospective bride and groom who are both the first child and one of the parents is also the first child. The focus taken from this research is related, first, how to find out 'urf against the practice of prohibiting mbarep telon marriages in Tawun Ngawi Village? Second, how do we 'urf against the tradition of slametan redeeming children as a rejection of balance in the ban on mbarep telon marriages in Tawun Ngawi Village? This research uses ushul fiqh approach with qualitative research type and uses interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Based on this research, it can be said that, First, the practice of prohibiting mbarep telon marriage meets the requirements accepted by 'urf as a source of law and is included in 'urf sahih because in this custom it is as a caution in determining a partner. Second, that the slametan tradition of redeeming children as a rejection of balance in the prohibition of mbarep telon marriage is included in 'urf typical, 'urf fi'li, and 'urf sahih. Bagi masyarakat muslim, pedoman mengenai perkawinan termaktub dalam Alquran, hadits, hukum positif, serta Urf. Dalam praktiknya, masyarakat masih menggunakan tradisi dalam melaksanakan perkawinan, salah satunya Mbarep Telon, artinya pernikahan dilakukan oleh calon mempelai yang keduanya adalah anak pertama dan salah satu orangtuanya juga anak pertama. Fokus yang diambil dari penelitian ini yaitu terkait, pertama, bagaimana tinjauan ‘urf terhadap praktik larangan nikah mbarep telon di Desa Tawun Ngawi? Kedua, bagaimana tinjauan ‘urf terhadap tradisi slametan tebus anak sebagai tolak balak dalam larangan nikah mbarep telon di Desa Tawun Ngawi? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ushul fiqih dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif serta menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan pembahasan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pertama bahwasanya praktik larangan nikah mbarep telon memenuhi syarat-syarat diterima ‘urf sebagai sumber hukum dan termasuk dalam ‘urf shahih karena dalam adat ini bersifat sebagai penghati-hatian dalam menentukan pasangan. Kedua, bahwasanya tradisi slametan tebus anak sebagai tolak balak dalam larangan pernikahan mbarep telon termasuk dalam ‘urf khass, ‘urf fi’li, dan ‘urf shahih.

The existence of the Ahmadiyya in Indonesian democracy: a struggle for survival in the midst of the Islamic-movement competition M. Usman; Aris Widodo; Shofwatul Aini
IJoReSH: Indonesian Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Humanity Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Humanity
Publisher : Postgraduate Program of State Islamic University (UIN) Salatiga Jl. Lingkar Salatiga Km. 02 Salatiga, Indonesia https://pps.iainsalatiga.ac.id/

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This article attempts to portray the competition of forces in the Indonesian democratic system, with the Ahmadiyya movement as the test case for the “contestation”. This article takes into account the reformation era as the landscape of the study, since this era opens a relatively wider opportunity for many entities to freely express their ideas and actions. Exploring the socio-political approach, this study comes up with the following findings: first, in the sociological domain, as predicted by Dawam Rahardjo, moderates defeat radical Indonesian Islam as the former outnumber the latter. However, in the political domain, as pointed out by Martin van Bruinessen, since the moderate Islam is just a silent majority, then the radical Islam wins the competition - marked by the issuance of the SKB Tiga Menteri, because the factor at work in the winning of this political competition is more on the “logic of power”, rather than the “power of logic”. The victory of the radical Islam in the political domain in turn implies at the failure of the Ahmadiyya movement in its struggle for survival in Indonesia.

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