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All Journal Berkala Kedokteran Majority
Natasya Hayatillah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The Effect of Ethanol Extract 96% o Brown Rice Bran to the Number and Viability of White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Spermatozoa Sprague dawley Strains Induced by Clove Cigarette Smoke Soraya Rahmanisa; Natasya Hayatillah; Evi Kurniawaty
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 14, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (410.169 KB) | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v14i2.5327

Abstract

Abstract: Indonesia has the greatest number of smokers in Southeast Asia dominated by male consume kretek cigarette. Cigarette’s smoke is source of free radicals that can cause oxidative stress to sperm and lead it to infertility. Red rice bran extract has lot of potential antioxidants to stop oxidatif stress. This study was experimental within 30 days. The 25 Sprague dawley male rats divided into 5 groups: K1 wasn’t treated, K2,P1,P2, and P3 exposed to smokes of 2 kretek cigarettes, given 96% ethanol extract of red rice bran dosage 100 mg/Kg (P1), 200 mg/Kg (P2) and 400 mg/Kg (P3). Spermatozoa number and viability was observed. Data tested with One Way Anova. There was significant effect from red rice bran extract toward sperm number and viability (p=0,00). Average spermatozoa number was 91.90±7.72 (K1), 39.68±7,51 (K2), 79.88±8.63 (P1), 86.40±10.5 (P2), 86.00±5.78 (P3). Average viability was  65.00±6.85 (K1), 29.6±5.85 (K2), 51.4±3.50 (P1), 60.00±6.67 (P2), 61,00±2.91 (P3). The increasing of number and viability has been achived at dose 100mg/Kg and best at 400 mg/KgBB. The 96% ethanol extract of  red rice bran can prevent the decreasing number and viability of rat spermatozoa exposed by kretek cigarette. Keywords: Clove cigarette, spermatozoa, rice bran extract
Tinjauan Penggunaan Metformin tehadap Defisiensi Vitamin B12 pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Natasya Hayatillah; Iswandi Darwis
MAJORITY Vol 9 No 2 (2020): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Metformin is the most widely used oral hypoglycemia drug in the world. This drug become the first choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes melitus (DM). However, metformin is known to have the effect of creating a vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 DM patients who consume it. The existing hypothesis states that metformin interferes with the absorption of vitamin B12 through the mechanism of intestinal bacterial overgrowth, the disruption of the vitamin B12 complex with calcium and cubulin receptors. The effect of metformin is known to increase with increasing doses and the length of time uses. The incidence of worsening peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia have been reported to be associated with the effects of vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 DM patients taking metformin. To date, there are no clear guidelines that discuss how to diagnose, manage and prevent vitamin B12 deficiency due to metformin, but some research results can be taken into consideration. Vitamin B12 deficiency should be suspected in type 2 DM patients who have taken metformin ≥3 years, at a dose of >1500 mg, experiencing hematological abnormalities or worsening peripheral neuropathy. Prevention that can be done is to give vitamin B12 with dose of 1000 μg intramuscularly per year. As for treatment, an intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 can be given a dose of 1000 μg per day for seven days, followed by an injection once a week for four weeks.
Co-Authors Evi Kurniawaty Iswandi Darwis Soraya Rahmanisa